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Organismal Biology > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Causes Chagas’ Disease

A

Trypanosoma cruzi

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2
Q

Which group of extant plants is the most similar to the likely ancestor of terrestrial plants? (Hint: I’m not looking for the ancestral green algae)

A

Charophyseans

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3
Q

The term for the “illegal” hunting of animals

A

Poaching

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4
Q

A group of taxa derived from two or more different ancestors is considered:

A

Polyphyletic

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5
Q

Influenza is a disease of the respiratory tract caused by a virus. Over recorded history, there have been numerous recorded episodes of global pandemics. Which specific influenza strain are health agencies and governments worldwide worried will be the next global killer?

A

H5N1 Bird Flu

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6
Q

Which scientific field seeks geo-physical explanations for disjunct distributions of organisms?

A

Vicariance Biogeography

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7
Q

Nematodes possess which type of muscle arrangement?

A

Longitudinal

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8
Q

The coelom of annelids is partitioned by which structures?

A

Septa

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9
Q

Hookworm, pinworm, heartworm, elephantiasis filaria, are all…

A

All but A and E (parasitic, nematodes, endoparasites)

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10
Q

African Eye Worm

A

Loa loa

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11
Q

Which was the portion of Pangea made up by the southern continental landmasses?

A

gondwana

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12
Q

(Octopus) Phylum?

A

Mollusca

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13
Q

(Octopus) Class?

A

Cephalopoda

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14
Q

(Octopus) Habitat?

A

Marine

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15
Q

(Octopus) Which “structure are the arms derived from?

A

Foot

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16
Q

The random fluctuations in the number of gene variants in a population, takes place when the occurrence of variant forms of a gene, called alleles, increases and decreases by chance over time.

A

Genetic drift

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17
Q

Which scientist studied the effects of predator-prey ratios involving the impact of “Killer Whales” on California Sea Otters?

A

Jim Estes

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18
Q

Onchocerca volvulus is a nematode roundworm and the causative agent of “River Blindness.” In various parts of Africa, Central and South America, in the river valleys, many village adults over the age of 30 are blind, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Humans are bitten by Black Flies, which breed in slow moving rivers, and the parasite larva is transmitted to the human host. Humans are the reservoir for this disease. When the adult worms die in the human, the body elicits an immune response that can cause severe itching, and lesions in the ocular tissue which can lead to blindness. Since the Black Flies must feed on humans to pick up the parasite, to break the life cycle, the pharmaceutical company MERCK, has decided to donate as much medication as necessary in order to eradicate the parasite wherever it occurs. What is the drug that is the primary component in the medication provided by MERCK?

A

Ivermectin

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19
Q

Bivalves have a ___ circulatory system, cephalopods have a ____ circulatory system.

A

open, closed

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20
Q

Diffusion dispersal is where individuals of a population disperse on their own power over un-inhabitable terrain during the course of their lifetime. (T/F)

A

False

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21
Q

A disease that normally infects animals, but is also capable of causing disease in humans, is referred to as what type of disease?

A

Zoonosis

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22
Q

The ESA is administered by which two agencies?

A

The USFWS and NOAA

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23
Q

The US Congress passed its first legislation to protect endangered vertebrates in 1966. When was the expanded version of the ESA (which covered plants and animals) signed into law and by which President?

A

1973 by President Nixon

24
Q

The function of flame cells is…

A

A and C (excretion of metabolic wastes and osmoregulation)

25
Q

A major evolutionary transition from one type of organism to another occurring at the level of the species and higher taxa is called…

A

Macroevolution

26
Q

The ESA only protects species that are officially listed as “threatened” or “endangered.” (T/F)

A

True

27
Q

Gastropoda was the first taxonomic group to exhibit a complete mouth to anus digestive tract. (T/F)

A

False

28
Q

If you were looking for a “glass sponge” you would most likely find one in which of the following places…

A

deep water (200m-1000m deep)

29
Q

(Cube Jelly) Phylum?

A

Cnidaria

30
Q

(Cube Jelly) Class?

A

Cubozoa

31
Q

(Cube Jelly) Stinging cells are called cnidocytes or nematocysts?

A

Cnidocytes

32
Q

(Cube Jelly) T/F: Stings from these can be fatal to humans?

A

True

33
Q

A “Biological Species” may be best defined as which of the following?

A

A group of phenotypically similar individuals that can freely interbreed under natural conditions, and are reproductively isolated from other such groups.

34
Q

Plants that are vascular, produce seeds, but do not flower or produce fruit.

A

Gymnosperms

35
Q

Entamoeba coli captures food by means of…

A

pseudopods

36
Q

Introduced or exotic species like the zebra mussel often explode in numbers, reaching densities in their new homes far greater than they ever did in their original range. This is most likely because

A

All of these

37
Q

Classified in Phylum Cilophora

A

Paramecium caudatus

38
Q

In what location are the choanocytes in the Syconoid body plans found?

A

Radial Canals

39
Q

Polychaete (Deep Sea Tube) worms are placed into which of the following groups?

A

Annelida

40
Q

In what location are the choanocytes in Asconoid body plans found?

A

Spongocoel

41
Q

A scientist who studies the behavior of animals is called a(n)…

A

Ethologist

42
Q

What is the most advanced (i.e., most derived) class of mollusks?

A

Cephalopoda

43
Q

Mature (i.e., adult) stages of schistosomid trematodes infect…

A

definitive hosts

44
Q

Beef Tapeworm

A

Taenia saginata

45
Q

Spermatozoa “enter” a sponge through the…

A

Ostia

46
Q

What is the type of body cavity which is solid, filled w/ embryonic mesenchymal tissue?

A

Acoelomate

47
Q

(Rotifer) Class?

A

Monogenea

48
Q

(Rotifer) Free-living, endoparasitic, or ectoparasitic?

A

Ectoparasitic

49
Q

(Rotifer) Where do you tend to find these?

A

Gills of fish & amphibians

50
Q

(Rotifer) Phylum?

A

Nematoda

51
Q

(Leech) Phylum?

A

Annelida

52
Q

(Leech) Class?

A

Hirudinea

53
Q

(Leech) Species?

A

Hirudo medicinalis

54
Q

(Leech) Food habits?

A

Sanguinivorous

55
Q

Certain fungi play the role of “recyclers” in nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. These types of fungi may appear on rotting trees, leaf litter, and even dead animals. They release exoenzymes from the tips of their hyphae that decompose and release organic material into the surrounding environment. What are the types of fungi called?

A

Saprophytic fungi

Organismal Biology (6 decks)

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