Quiz #3

Question 1

What forms the top and bottom, portions of an intervertebral disc?

Answer 1

Cartilaginous end plate

Question 2

What structures separate the bodies of the vertebrae from C2-C3 to L5-S1?

Answer 2

Intervertebral Discs

Question 3

What are the three components of an intervertebral disc?

Answer 3

Anulus Fibrosus
Nucleus Pulposus
Cartilaginous End Plate

Question 4

Synovial joints occur between what parts of vertebrae from C2 to L5-S1?

Answer 4

Superior and inferior articular processes

Question 5

What are the two supporting ligaments that appear on the anterior and posterior aspect of the vertebral body?

Answer 5

Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Anterior Longitudinal Ligament

Question 6

What is the relative size of the cervical vertebrae?

Answer 6

small

Question 7

What is the shape of the spinous processes of C1-C6?

Answer 7

Bifid

Question 8

What openings in the cervical vertebrae allow the passage of the vertebral arteries and veins?

Answer 8

Transverse Foramina

Question 9

What is another anatomical term for C1?

Answer 9

Atlas

Question 10

What structures does C1 lack? (2)

Answer 10

Body
Spinous Process

Question 11

What is another anatomical term for C2?

Answer 11

Axis

Question 12

During development the body of C1 fuses to C2 to form what structure?

Answer 12

Dens (odontoid process)

Question 13

What is another anatomical term for the spinous process of C7? (Sometimes T1)

Answer 13

Vertebra Prominens

Question 14

What is the general shape of the bodies of T1-T12?

Answer 14

Heart-shape

Question 15

What is a distinguishing characteristic of many of the thoracic vertebrae?

Answer 15

The spinous process is long and pointed and in some angled sharply inferiorly?

Question 16

Thoracic vertebrae can be distinguished from all other vertebrae by what features?

Answer 16

Costal Facets and Demi Facets

Question 17

What direction are the articular surfaces of the
thoracic vertebrae oriented? How does this
affect their movement?

Answer 17

• The superior surface is oriented posteriorly.
• The inferior surface is oriented anteriorly.
• Movement is in a coronal plane allowing
  lateral flexion.

Question 18

What is the general shape of the bodies of lumbar vertebrae?

Answer 18

Large, round, or oval

Question 19

What is characteristic of the spinous processes of the lumbar vertebrae? (2)

Answer 19

Thick and blunt
Project Posteriorly

Question 20

What direction are the articular surfaces of the
lumbar vertebrae oriented? How does this affect
their movement?

Answer 20

*Superior processes
face medially.
* Inferior processes
face laterally.
* Movement is in a
sagittal plane
allowing spinal
flexion and extension

Question 21

What is the anatomical term for the anterior, superior bulge of the sacrum?

Answer 21

Sacral Promontory

Question 22

What paired openings occur on the anterior surface of the sacrum?

Answer 22

Anterior Sacral (pelvic) foramina

Question 23

What are the paired openings on the posterior side of the sacrum

Answer 23

Posterior sacral foramina (dorsal foramina)

Question 24

The spinous processes of the sacrum form what structure?

Answer 24

median sacral crest

Question 25

What lateral structures of the sacrum articulate with the ossa coxae?

Answer 25

Auricular Surface

Question 26

What is the anatomical term for the tailbone?

Answer 26

Coccyx

Question 27

What primary tissue type makes up the bulk of a skeletal muscle such as the biceps brachii?

Answer 27

Skeletal Muscle

Question 28

List the four characteristics of muscle tissue

Answer 28

Excitability Contractility Elasticity Extensibility

Question 29

What is another term for skeletal muscle cell?

Answer 29

Muscle Fibers

Question 30

List the five functions of muscle tissue

Answer 30

Body movement Maintenance of posture Temperature regulation Storage and movement of materials Support

Question 31

What tissue is composed of areolar connective tissue and adipose that separates muscle from skin?

Answer 31

Superficial fascia (subcutaneous layer or hypodermis)

Question 32

What are cordlike structures that attach muscle to bone, skin, or other structures?

Answer 32

Tendons

Question 33

What are sheets of tissue that connect muscle to bone, skin, or other structures?

Answer 33

Aponeuroses

Question 34

What are the bands of connective tissue that hold tendons in place?

Answer 34

Retinacula (singular=retinaculum)

Question 35

Which attach of a muscle usually remains stationary when a muscle contracts?

Answer 35

Origin

Question 36

Which attach of a muscle usually moves when a muscle contracts?

Answer 36

Insertion

Question 37

What is the enlarged fleshy belly of a muscle?

Answer 37

Belly

Question 38

What is a muscle producing a particular movement called

Answer 38

Agonist or prime mover

Question 39

What is a muscle whose actions oppose those of the prime mover?

Answer 39

Antagonist

Question 40

What is a muscle that assists the prime mover in its action?

Answer 40

Synergist Triceps Anconeus