Quiz 4 (Ch 14)

Question 1

the energy carrying molecule in the body

Answer 1

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Question 2

ATP generated

Answer 2

continuously in muscle stores for 1-3 seconds

generated from the breakdown of fat, carbohydrate, and protein

Question 3

stores some energy that can be used to regenerate glucose

stores enough energy for 3-15 seconds

Answer 3

Creatine Phosphate (CP)

Question 4

does not require oxygen

Answer 4

anaerobic

Question 5

requires oxygen

Answer 5

aerobic

Question 6

primary glycolysis end product

Answer 6

pyruvate

Question 7

pyruvate –> lactic acid –> liver to be converted back to glucose

Answer 7

Cori Cycle

Question 8

how many atp molecules does anaerobic breakdown of glucose yield?

Answer 8

2 atp molecules

Question 9

how many atp molecules does aerobic breakdown of glucose yield?

Answer 9

36-38 atp molecules

Question 10

process much slower, yield is greater
fuels the body for 3 minu - 4 hours
far fewer acids produduced

Answer 10

aerobic breakdown compared to anaerobic

Question 11

fuel sources change depending on the intensity and duration of exercise

Answer 11

remember this concept

Question 12

low intensity exercise
exercise of long duration
abundant energy source
2x more energy per gram than carbohydrates
slowly metabolized
primary energy source during rest, sitting, and standing in place

Answer 12

triglycerides (fats) can be metabolized to generate ATP

Question 13

energy sources for ATP production

Answer 13

carbohydrates and fats

Question 14

used in high intensity activity

Answer 14

carbohydrates

Question 15

used for low intensity exercise

Answer 15

fats

Question 16

not used as a fuel source for exercise
3-6%
only for maintenance of blood glucose

Answer 16

proteins (amino acids)

Question 17

vigorous exercise increases
higher for athletes
different for males and females
depend on body size
depend on type of physical activity

Answer 17

energy needs

Question 18

supports exercise, activities of daily living, and basic body functions

Answer 18

energy

Question 19

provides energy, maintains adequate muscle glycogen and blood glucose; high complex carbohydrate foods provide vitamins and minerals

Answer 19

carbohydrate

Question 20

provides energy, fat-soluble vitamins, and essential fatty acids
supports production of hormones and transport of nutrients

Answer 20

fat

Question 21

helps build and maintain muscle
provides building material for glucose
an energy source during endurance exercise
aids recovery from exercise

Answer 21

protein

Question 22

maintains temperature regulation
maintains blood volume and blood pressure
supports all cell function

Answer 22

water

Question 23

critical for energy production from carbohydrate, fat, and protein

Answer 23

B-vitamins

Question 24

builds and maintains bone mass
assists with nervous system function, muscle contraction, hormone function, and transport of nutrients across cell membrane

Answer 24

calcium

Question 25

primarily responsible for the transport of oxygen in blood to cells assists with energy production

Answer 25

iron

Question 26

athletes should consume 45-65% | optimize glycogen storage: first 4-6 hours of recovery

Answer 26

carbohydrate needs

Question 27

consume up to 12g/kg/bw a day/two before exercise alter exercise duration to maximize muscle glycogen does not always improve performance

Answer 27

carbohydrate loading

Question 28

increased number and activity of enzyme involved in fat metabolism improved ability of muscles to store fat improved ability to extract fat from the blood for use during exercise spares carbohydrate for prolonged, intense training or competition

Answer 28

training effects on fat metabolism

Question 29

increased protein for competitive, endurance, and resistance athletes individuals with very low energy intakes vegetarians consuming low protein foods young athletes who are growing

Answer 29

protein needs

Question 30

lubricant that bathes tissues and cells transportation of nutrients, hormones, waste products component of chemical reactions (hydrolysis) part of body tissues (protein and glycogen) temperature regulation

Answer 30

fluid needs/water

Question 31

heat suncope: dizziness heat cramps: muscle spasms heat exhaustion and heatstroke occur on a continuum

Answer 31

water balance

Question 32

drink fluids before, during, and after exercise thirst mechanism not reliable drink enough to maintain body weight

Answer 32

proper fluid replacement

Question 33

B-vitamins calcium iron

Answer 33

main vitamins and minerals

Question 34

may be chrone disease, ulcers, or cancer

Answer 34

when a male has low iron

Question 35

muscle and strength enhancers | products touted to increase energy levels and optimize fuel

Answer 35

ergogenic aids