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2024 - Élo - Qbank > Quiz 56 > Flashcards

Quiz 56 Flashcards

1
Q

What organism is responsible for producing hydatid cysts of the liver?

A

Echinococcus granulosus

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2
Q

What is a complication of surgical removal of Echinococcus granulosus cysts?

A

Anaphylaxis

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3
Q

How can anaphylaxis from Echinococcus granulosus be prevented prior to surgery?

A

Injecting the ethanol into the cyst beforehand

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4
Q

What do radiographs reveal in a patient infected with Echinococcus granulosus?

A

Smooth cystic lesions of the liver

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5
Q

Schistosoma haematobium infection predisposes a patient to what?

A

Squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder

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6
Q

What organism is responsible for neurocysticercosis?

A

Taenia solium

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7
Q

During what timeframe is troponin I and T a marker for an acute myocardial infarction?

A

First 6 hours (elevates between 3-6)

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8
Q

Why is CK-MB useful in detecting re-infarction?

A

CK-MB will normalize after 3 days, troponin takes 7-10 days

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9
Q

What compliment factor binds mast cells and basophils, activating them?

A

C3a

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10
Q

What compliment factor is important in removal of immune complexes?

A

C3b

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11
Q

What is responsible for removing immune complexes from the serum?

A

C3b

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12
Q

What is seen on gross dissection of gangrenous small intestine?

A

Sharply demarcated, dark and hemorrhagic section of bowel

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13
Q

What organism causes malignant (necrotizing) external otitis?

A

Pseduomonas aeruginosa

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14
Q

Gram negative bacilli that are oxidase positive, aerobic, non-fermenting and produce blue-green pigments and a grape like odor

A

P. Aeruginosa

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15
Q

What is the gram stain and morphology of P aeruginosa?

A

Gram negative bacilli

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16
Q

What is a case series study?

A

Observational study that collects information from patients with a certain disease and does not include controls

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17
Q

What information is gathered from case series study?

A

Information about a new disease process

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18
Q

Rheumatoid factor is directed against what?

A

Fc portion of immunoglobulin G

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19
Q

In drug induced lupus, what are the antibodies directed against?

A

Histones

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20
Q

What are three drugs that can cause drug induced lupus?

A

Procainamide, hydralazine, isoniazid

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21
Q

What are three antibodies seen in celiac disease?

A

Anti-gliadin, anti-endomysial, anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA

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22
Q

Antibodies to CCP is seen in what disease?

A

Rheumatoid arthritis

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23
Q

Anti-mitochondrial antibodies are found in what disease?

A

Primary biliary sclerosis

24
Q

What disease are anti-smooth muscle antibodies found in?

A

Autoimmune hepatitis

25
Q

What is a paradoxical embolism?

A

A patent foramen ovale allowing emboli originating from the leg veins to reach systemic arteries

26
Q

Radial nerve supplies sensation to what part of the hand?

A

Proximal dorsal aspect of the thumb and digits 2, 3 and the lateral half of four

27
Q

What is seen in the stool of a patient infected with cryptosporidium?

A

Acid-fast oocysts 4-6 microns in diameter

28
Q

Patient with ARDs, four corners region of the US, exposure to rodent (deer mouse) excrement are clues for infection with what organism?

A

Hantavirus

29
Q

Hanta virus is part of what family of viruses?

A

Bunyaviridae

30
Q

Delayed relaxation from hand shake is seen in what disease?

A

Adult onset myotonic dystrophy (DM1)

31
Q

What is the inheritance pattern of adult onset myotonic dystrophy?

A

Autosomal dominant with CTG trinucleotide repeat

32
Q

Histologically, what is seen in adult onset myotonic dystrophy?

A

Ring fibers and central nuclei

33
Q

When does flow through coronary vessels peak?

A

During diastole

34
Q

What is affect does ketoconazole have on CYP450?

A

Inhibits

35
Q

What macrolides inhibit the CYP450 system?

A

Clarithromycin, erythromycin

36
Q

What affect does ketoconazole have on warfarin?

A

Increases warfarin’s effects

37
Q

What is the presenting sign of pancreatic adenocarcinoma?

A

Epigastric or back pain, or painless obstructive jaundice

38
Q

Name five organisms that are catalase positive.

A

Staphylococci, pseudomonas, candida, aspergillus, enterobacteriaceae

39
Q

What type of bacteria form abscesses?

A

Catalase producing bacteria

40
Q

What part of the spinal cord is affected in spinal muscle atrophy?

A

Anterior (ventral) gray horn

41
Q

Mutation in what protein is seen in Kartagener syndrome?

A

Dynein

42
Q

What type of stones are seen in patients with chronic hemolytic disorders?

A

Calcium bilirubinate

43
Q

During bacterial growth, at what phase are cell wall synthesis inhibitors most effective?

A

Rapid exponential growth (log phase)

44
Q

What vein and artery provide circulation to the lower anal canale?

A

Inferior rectal

45
Q

Hemorrhoids below the pectinate line arise from what vein?

A

Inferior rectal vein

46
Q

External hemorrhoids arise from what vessel?

A

Inferior rectal vein

47
Q

Internal hemorrhoids arise from what vessel?

A

Superior rectal vein

48
Q

Lymph nodes above the pectinate line drain into what?

A

Iliac lymph nodes

49
Q

Lymph nodes below the pectinate line drain into what?

A

Superficial inguinal nodes

50
Q

What is the effect of chronically low serum Mg2+ levels?

A

Impairs parathyroid function - suppressing PTH release

51
Q

What vessels supply the bladder?

A

Superior and inferior vesicle arteries

52
Q

Superior and inferior vesicle arteries are supplied by what artery?

A

Internal iliac arteries

53
Q

What is the attack rate?

A

Number of people infected divided by total number exposed

54
Q

What are the characteristics of common variable immunodeficiency?

A

Onset in adolescence or adulthood, low levels of all immunoglobulins, mature B cells in the periphery, frequent bacterial infections

55
Q

What cell type is low in common variable immunodeficiency?

A

Plasma cells; mature B cells fail to differentiate into plasma cells

2024 - Élo - Qbank (33 decks)

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