Rabies Flashcards
(34 cards)
Rabies is trasmitted through
bite / scratches of a wild animal and spreads through saliva, eyes, open wounds
What is the primary source of rabies
bats
What are the 2 types of rabies
furious (80%)
paralytic (20%)
Explain the symptoms of furious rabies
hyperactivity
hallucinations
no coordination
hydrophobia
aerophobia
DEATH happens a couple days after due to cardio-respiratory arrest
Explain the symptoms of paralytic rabies
often misdiagnosed
lasts longer
muscles because paralysed, starting from the wound site
coma === death
How long is the incubation period of rabies
2-3 months (rangin from 1 week - 1 year)
Initial symptoms of rabies
fever, pain, tingling, burning sensation at wound site where the virus can eventually move to the CNS
What happens when the virus moves to the CNS
progressive and fatal inflammation of the brain and spinal cord
How is death preventable (from rabies)
prompt post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) which stops the virus from reaching the CNS
What consists of PEP
would washing
human rabies vaccine
donation of anti-rabies antibodies
What shape does the rabies virus have (rhabdoviridae family)
bullet shape
What size is the rabies virus
180 nm long, 75 nm wide
What is the genome of rabies
non-segmented
(-) ssRNA
how many proteins does rabies encode
5
what are the proteins that rabies encode
N, P, M, G, L
In the core, there is a helical RNP, what is it made of
phosphoprotein and L-protein (polymerase)
(and large protein)
Rabies is envloped, what is the protein?
Glycoprotein (G)
Just like influenza, rabies would have to make a complete copy of the (-) RNA to serve as a template. How would it know when to do this?
Based on N protein’s concentration because it packages viral RNA genome into RNP
The complete replication cycle of rabies happens in the
cytoplasm
Does rabies need an IRES or steal 5’ caps
NOOOO
Does rabies add poly-a-tail by stuttering
YUHHH
Why is the Rabies’ Polymerase is unusual
because it doesn’t need a primer, however it makes a 5’ cap for each mRNA.
The Genome is non segmented, meaning that it can’t use splicing enzymes to make it monocistronic, so what does rabeis do?
it does sequential transcription
what is sequential transcription
the viral RNA polymerase (RdRp) transcribes each gene one after another, creating a separate mRNA for each gene. This process begins at the 3’ end of the genome and proceeds to the 5’ end, producing a leader RNA and then individual mRNAs for the five viral genes (N, P, M, G, and L).
