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RTT PREP > Radiation Procedure > Flashcards

Radiation Procedure Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the four R’s is the most unfavorable for malignant tumors?
A
Repopulation
B
Redistribution
C
Repair
D
Reoxygenation

A

A
Repopulation

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2
Q

Which procedure is common for Pancreatic tumors?
A
Lumpectomy
B
Whipple
C
Anterior Resection
D
Abdominoperineal resection

A

B
Whipple

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3
Q

What gland surrounds the male urethra and is anterior to the rectum?
A
Prostate
B
Liver
C
Bladder
D
Anus

A

A
Prostate

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4
Q

The Gleason score is comprised of how many samples from the prostate?
A
1
B
2
C
3
D
4
E
5

A

B
2?

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5
Q

Testicular cancer spreads to the same nodes no matter which side the cancer arises?
A
True
B
False

A

B
False

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6
Q

Which of the following pathology types of testicular cancers is the most radio resistant?
A
Nonseminoma
B
Classic seminoma
C
Anaplastic seminoma
D
Spermatocytic seminoma

A

A
Nonseminoma

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7
Q

What is the commonly used staging system for gynecologic tumors?
A
TNM
B
GTM
C
FIGO
D
Dukes

A

C
FIGO

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8
Q

When discussing location of cervical cancers, which is more lateral:
A
Point A
B
Point B

A

B
Point B

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9
Q

Which is the most deadly gynecologic related cancer?
A
Cervical
B
Endometrial
C
Vaginal
D
Ovarian

A

D
Ovarian

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10
Q

Which type of lymphoma has a contiguous spread pattern?
A
Hodgkin’s
B
Non-Hodgkin’s

A

A
Hodgkin’s

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11
Q

Which of the following chemotherapy would treat non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma?
A
CHOP
B
MOPP
C
ABVD
D
CMF

A

A
CHOP

MOPP & ABVD chemotherapy treats HD

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12
Q

A liposarcoma is most likely a sarcoma arising in which type of tissue?
A
Muscle
B
Smooth muscle
C
Nerce sheath
D
Fat

A

D
Fat

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13
Q

What is the most common type of primary bone tumor?
A
Ewing
B
Chondrosarcoma
C
Osteosarcoma
D
Rhabdomyosarcoma

A

C
Osteosarcoma

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14
Q

Which of the following skin cancers is most aggressive?
A
Melanoma
B
Squamous cell
C
Basal cell

A

A
Melanoma

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15
Q

The “D” in the “ABCD” rule in detecting melanomas stands for?
A
Distance
B
Depth
C
Diameter
D
Density

A

C
Diameter

A: Asymmetrical
B: Border
C: Color
D: Diameter
E: Evolving

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16
Q

Which staging system is common for Leukemia?
A
FAB
B
Dukes
C
FIGO
D
Aster-Coller

A

A
FAB

Dukes: A to C. Dukes A designation indicates a lesion that has not penetrated through the bowel wall. The B designation indicates a lesion that has penetrated the bowel wall with nodes negative for tumor, and the C designation indicates a lesion with nodes positive for tumor.

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17
Q

Which of the following leukemia types is associated with the Philadelphia chromosome?
A
ALL
B
AML
C
CLL
D
CML

A

D
CML

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18
Q

Which of the following leukemia types is NOT treated with BMT?
A
AML
B
ALL
C
CLL
D
CML

A

C
CLL

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19
Q

Tumors with a high grade are well-differentiated
A
True
B
False

A

B
False

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20
Q

Which type of cancer treatment treats the whole body?
A
Chemotherapy
B
IGRT
C
IMRT
D
Surgery

A

A
Chemotherapy

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21
Q

Which type of chemotherapy can cause cardiac toxicity?
A
Doxorubicin
B
Bleomycin
C
Dexamethasone
D
Hydrocortisone

A

A
Doxorubicin

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22
Q

Which type of chemotherapy can cause pulmonary toxicity?
A
Doxorubicin
B
Bleomycin
C
Dexamethasone
D
Hydrocortisone

A

B
Bleomycin

(also radiosensitizer)

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23
Q

Which type of chemotherapy is a radioprotector?
A
Amifostine
B
Doxorubicin
C
Adriamycin
D
Leuprolide

A

A
Amifostine

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24
Q

Which type of chemotherapy is a radiosensitizer?
A
Amifostine
B
Doxorubicin
C
Leuprolide
D
Methotrexate

A

B
Doxorubicin

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25
Q

What is the recommended age for prostate cancer screening?
A
30
B
40
C
50
D
60

A

C
50

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26
Q

Which is an effect observed by a doctor?
A
Etiology
B
Epidemiology
C
Sign
D
Symptom

A

C
Sign (Objective)

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27
Q

What is the normal temperature for an adult?
A
95.5-97.0
B
97.8-99.0
C
99.5-102.1
D
93.4-97.3

A

B
97.8-99.0

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28
Q

What is the normal respiration (in breaths per minute)
A
7-9
B
9-11
C
12-16
D
16-20

A

C
12-16

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29
Q

Normal pulse in beats per minute
A
40-60
B
60-100
C
100-120
D
110-140

A

B
60-100

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30
Q

What is the normal blood pressure in mm Hg?
A
60/120
B
80/120
C
120/60
D
120/80

A

D
120/80

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31
Q

What is the normal range for white blood cells?
A
12.0-16.0 g/dL
B
3.90-5.40 million/mm3
C
3,900-10,800/mm3
D
150,000-425,000/mm3

A

C
3,900-10,800/mm3

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32
Q

What is the normal range for red blood cells?
A
12.0-16.0 g/dL
B
3.90-5.40 million/mm3
C
3,900-10,800/mm3
D
150,000-425,000/mm3

A

B
3.90-5.40 million/mm3

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33
Q

What is the normal range for hemoglobin?
A
12.0-16.0 g/dL
B
3.90-5.40 million/mm3
C
3,900-10,800/mm3
D
150,000-425,000/mm3

A

A
12.0-16.0 g/dL

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34
Q

What is the normal range for platelets?
A
12.0-16.0 g/dL
B
3.90-5.40 million/mm3
C
3,900-10,800/mm3
D
150,000-425,000/mm3

A

D
150,000-425,000/mm3

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35
Q

Most common brain tumor in adults is:
A
Astrocytoma
B
Glioblastoma multiforme
C
Medulloblastoma
D
Metastasis

A

D
Metastasis

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36
Q

What is the most common primary brain tumor in children?
A
Astrocytoma
B
Glioblastoma multiforme
C
Medulloblastoma
D
Metastasis

A

A
Astrocytoma

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37
Q

The treatment type used to treat superficial tumors:
A
3D conformal
B
Electron
C
IMRT
D
SRS

A

B
Electron

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38
Q

The treatment type used to prepare the body for bone marrow transplants:
A
3D conformal
B
TBI
C
IMRT
D
SBRT

A

B
TBI

39
Q

The treatment type that has multiple “beamlets” and is not uniform:
A
3D conformal
B
Electron
C
IMRT
D
SRS

A

C
IMRT

40
Q

The treatment to the brain in one fraction with a high radiation dose:
A
3D conformal
B
Electron
C
SRS
D
TBI

A

C
SRS

41
Q

SRS typically treats tumors sizes smaller than:
A
1 mm
B
3 mm
C
3 cm
D
1 cm
E
5 cm

A

C
3 cm

42
Q

Which of the following are used for IGRT?
A
Ultrasound
B
CBCT
C
KV-KV
D
MV-KV
E
All of the above

A

E
All of the above

43
Q

An alpha cradle is considered a:
A
Positioning aid
B
Simple immobilization device
C
Complex immobilization device

A

C
Complex immobilization device

44
Q

A head holder is considered a:
A
Positioning aid
B
Simple immobilization device
C
Complex immobilization device

A

A
Positioning aid

45
Q

In CT simulation, the _______ is the diameter of the area to be scanned.
A
Field of view
B
Window width
C
Scan field of view
D
Window level

A

A
Field of view

46
Q

In CT simulation, the _______ is the area of interest to be scanned.
A
Field of view
B
Scan field of view
C
Window width
D
Window level

A

B
Scan field of view

47
Q

In CT simulation, the _______ is the number of shades of gray on an image.
A
Field of view
B
Scan field of view
C
Window width
D
Window level

A

C
Window width

48
Q

In CT simulation, the _______ is the average of shade of gray on an image.
A
Field of view
B
Scan field of view
C
Window width
D
Window level

A

D
Window level

49
Q

The HU that represents bone is:
A
-1000
B
-100
C
1000
D
0

A

C
1000

50
Q

The HU that represents air is:
A
-1000
B
-100
C
0
D
1000

A

A
-1000

51
Q

The HU that represents water is:
A
-1000
B
-100
C
0
D
1000

A

C
0

52
Q

When the planner chooses the direction, number, size and shape of the beam and then the computer calculates isodose lines, this is called:
A
Forward planning
B
Inverse planning

A

A
Forward planning

53
Q

When the planner chooses the tolerance dose and then the computer generates a plan based off of these parameters, this is called:
A
Forward planning
B
Inverse planning

A

B
Inverse planning

54
Q

The standard for image storage and transfer:
A
HIPPA
B
DICOM
C
HL7
D
PACS

A

B
DICOM (Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine)

55
Q

Used to store and share images electronically:
A
HIPPA
B
DICOM
C
HL7
D
PACS

A

D
PACS (Picture Archiving and Communication System)

56
Q

______ contrast media would appear dark on a radiographic image.
A
Negative
B
Positive

A

A
Negative (Radiolucent)

57
Q

______ contrast media would appear bright on a radiographic image.
A
Negative
B
Positive

A

B
Positive

58
Q

Hives is a __________ adverse reaction:
A
Mild
B
Moderate
C
Severe

A

A
Mild
Hives (Ulceration)

59
Q

Name the tumor volume that encompasses the palpable tumor:
A
GTV
B
CTV
C
PTV
D
ITV

A

A
GTV

60
Q

Select the answer that places radiation type in order from HIGHEST LET to LOWEST LET:
A
Alpha particles - xrays - beta particles
B
Beta particles - alpha particles - xrays
C
Xrays - alpha particles - beta particles
D
Alpha particles - beta particles - x-rays

A

D
Alpha particles - beta particles - x-rays

Quality Factor (weighting factor)
20 - 1 - 1

61
Q

Name the tumor volume that encompasses a margin for breathing:
A
GTV
B
CTV
C
PTV
D
New Choice
E
ITV

A

E
ITV

62
Q

Name the tumor volume that encompasses a margin around the palpable tumor to include microscopic disease
A
GTV
B
CTV
C
PTV
D
ITV

A

B
CTV

63
Q

Name the tumor volume that includes the CTV plus a margin for treatment setup uncertainties
A
GTV
B
CTV
C
PTV
D
ITV

A

C
PTV

64
Q

500 MU is to be delivered to an AP:PA spine field and is weighted 2:3 respectively. What is the MU that will be delivered to the PA field?
A
100
B
200
C
300
D
400
E
500

A

C
300

AP:PA
?:300

65
Q

500 MU is to be delivered to an AP:PA spine field and is weighted 2:3 respectively. What is the MU that will be delivered to the AP field?
A
100
B
200
C
300
D
400
E
500

A

B
200

AP:PA
200:?

66
Q

300 MU is to be delivered to right and left lateral brain fields. It is to be weighted 1:2 respectively. How much MU will be delivered to the left lateral brain?
A
100
B
150
C
200
D
250
E
300

A

C
200

RTLAT:LTLAT
?:200

67
Q

Past-pointing is used or arcs less than 360 degrees.
A
True
B
False

A

A
True

Look up past pointing

68
Q

Where is the physical field size defined?
A
Skin surface
B
SAD
C
Isocenter
D
50% isodose line

A

50% isodose line

69
Q

Superficial tumors are typically treated with electrons.
A
True
B
False

A

A
True

70
Q

For SAD treatment techniques, the table should be moved between fields.
A
True
B
False

A

B
False

71
Q

What % of transmission is permitted through the collimating jaws?
A
0.2%
B
0.5%
C
5%
D
2%

A

B
0.5%

72
Q

Which electron isodose line is considered the useful range of electrons?
A
50%
B
80%
C
90%
D
100%

A

A
50%

73
Q

Which electron isodose line is considered the therapeutic range of electrons?
A
50%
B
80%
C
90%
D
100%

A

C
90%

74
Q

Which of the following field size would have the most amount scatter?
A
5x5cm
B
10x10cm
C
12x12cm
D
15x15cm

A

D
15x15cm

75
Q

PDD has a direct relationship with all of the following EXCEPT:
A
Energy
B
Field Size
C
Depth
D
SSD

A

C
Depth

76
Q

TAR is dependent on all of the following EXCEPT:
A
Energy
B
Field Size
C
Depth
D
SSD

A

D
SSD

77
Q

TMR is used to calculate MU in:
A
SSD Techniques
B
SAD Techniques

A

B
SAD Techniques

78
Q

According to the inverse square law, as distance is increased by 2, intensity will:
A
Increase by 2
B
Increase by 4
C
Decrease by 2
D
Decrease by 4

A

D
Decrease by 4

79
Q

What is the wedge angle required for a wedged-pair technique with a hinge angle of 90?
A
45
B
90
C
180
D
135

A

A
45

“Update with formula”

80
Q

As field size increases, collimator scatter will:
A
Increase
B
Decrease
C
Stay the same

A

A
Increase

81
Q

Dose compensators have been replaced by:
A
Wedges
B
IMRT
C
Hand Blocks
D
Cast blocks

A

B
IMRT

82
Q

Eliminates skin sparing effect and compensates for irregular skin surfaces:
A
Hand Blocks
B
Wedges
C
Compensators
D
Bolus

A

D
Bolus

83
Q

The most common organ for distant mets of organs within the abdomen is:
A
Liver
B
Kidneys
C
Rectum
D
Stomach

A

A
Liver

84
Q

Where is the most common location in the bladder for cancer to arise?
A
Anterior wall
B
Superior wall
C
Trigone
D
Renal pelvis

A

C
Trigone

85
Q

What is the most common pathology of bladder cancer?
A
Renal cell
B
Transitional cell
C
Adenocarcinoma
D
Squamous

A

B
Transitional cell

86
Q

Which of the following pathology types of testicular cancers is the most radio resistant?
A
Nonseminoma
B
Classic seminoma
C
Anaplastic seminoma
D
Spermatocytic seminoma

A

A
Nonseminoma

87
Q

What is the commonly used staging system for GYN tumors?
A
TNM
B
FIGO
C
GTM
D
Dukes

A

B
FIGO

88
Q

Adenocarcinoma is the most common histologic type of:
A
Oral cavity
B
Pancreas
C
Pharynx
D
Thyroid

A

B
Pancreas

89
Q

The SI unit Becquerel matches which conventional unit?
A
Curie
B
Rem
C
Rad
D
Roentgen

A

A
Curie

90
Q

A DRR is:
I. A two dimensional image reconstructed from CT data
II. A three-dimensional image reconstructed from CT data
III. Shows the BEV of an image
IV. Contains dose information
A
I and IV
B
II and III
C
I and III
D
I, III, and IV

A

C
I and III

91
Q

A Gleason score of 10 could indicate benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
A
True
B
False

A

B
False

92
Q

All of the following are TRUE about multileaf collimators EXCEPT:
A
Made of materials with high atomic numbers
B
Can move independently in and out of path of beam in order to block it
C
Provide conformal shaping of radiotherapy treatment beams
D
Acceptable amount of beam transmission through MLC’s is 5%

A

D
Acceptable amount of beam transmission through MLC’s is 5%

0.5% is the proper amount

93
Q

A scanner equipped with software that can provide information needed to design the patient’s treatment parameters and allows for more spatial orientation information required for 3-D treatment planning:
A
CT Scanner
B
Conventional Simulation
C
PET
D
Fluoro Simulation

A

A
CT Scanner

94
Q

What is true of stereotactic radiosurgery?
I. Delivers a large dose of radiation on a fractionated treatment schedule
II. Uses high energy x-ray beam to shrink or control tumor growth.
III. Used to treat tumors in cranium.
IV. a head ring is attached to patient for delivery of radiation to be on the submillimeter scale
A
I, II & III
B
I, III, & IV
C
II, III, & IV
D
All of the above

A

C
II, III, & IV

RTT PREP (8 decks)

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