Random

Question 1

supra abdominal pain referred to the back

Answer 1

pancreatitis

Question 2

unable to move swollen index finger

Answer 2

tendon sheath infection

Question 3

flexion at the PIP joint with extension at the DIP joint

Answer 3

swan neck

RA

Question 4

Nerve in ankle jerk

Answer 4

S1

Question 5

Biggest risk for PTSD?

Answer 5

Rape

Question 6

CN for raising the eyebrow

Answer 6

CN VII, facial nerve

frontalis muscle

Question 7

CN for muscles of mastication

Answer 7

CN V. 3

trigeminal, mandibular branch

Question 8

orphan annie eyes

Answer 8

papillary thyroid cancer

Question 9

Cheif cells in stomach secret what?

Answer 9

pepsinogen

Question 10

Parietal cells secrete what?

Answer 10

HCl acid and IF

Question 11

What happens to pepsinogen in precence of HCl

Answer 11

converted to pepsin

Question 12

Knee jerk

Answer 12

L3/4

Question 13

Foot drop

Answer 13

common fibular nerve

L4-S1

Question 14

contraception in breast cancer

Answer 14

NOT COCP or POP

IUD

Question 15

green nasal discharge

Answer 15

sinusitits

Question 16

demylinaiton of the mid brain

Answer 16

holmes

Question 17

barking cough

Answer 17

croup

Question 18

lateral gaze palsy

Answer 18

CN6

Question 19

ptosis

Answer 19

CN3

Question 20

eye pain on movement

Answer 20

MS- optic neuritis

Question 21

What are aids defining illnesses?

Answer 21

opportunistic infections that do not normally occur in immunocompenent individuals

Question 22

What is the CD4 count for AIDS?

Answer 22

<200

Question 23

Give examples of AIDS defining illness?

Answer 23

Pneumocytic pneumonia (fungal infection)
toxoplasmosis (parasite)
karposis sarcoma
mycobacterium TB

Question 24

What is AIDS?

Answer 24

acquired immunodeficient syndrome

Question 25

What are the main symptoms of pneumocystis pneumonia and how do you diagnose it?

Answer 25

``` fever non productive cough weight loss night sweats XRay- widespread pulmonary infiltrates low O2 sats ```

Question 26

What are the key symptoms of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 26

``` amenorrhoeic for 6-8 weeks severe pain bleeding shoulder tip pain cervical excitation haemodynamically unstable, hypotension ```

Question 27

What causes shoulder tip pain?

Answer 27

internal bleeding irritating the diaphragm

Question 28

Shoulder tip pain

Answer 28

ectopic prgnancy

Question 29

When do you give expectant management in ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 29

low risk no symptoms or mild symptoms and small or cant be found pregnancy <200 hCG and decline mass

Question 30

What happens in expectant management?

Answer 30

take serum hCG levels until undetectable

Question 31

What are the worrying consequences of undiagnosed ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 31

rupture of plantation site | intraperitoneal bleeding

Question 32

What are the investigations of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 32

positive pregnancy test | TVUS showing no intrauterine pregnancy

Question 33

If TVUS cant confirm intrauterine pregnancy what other tests might be considered and what would be the expected results?

Answer 33

serum hCG- <50% increase in level over 24hrs or plateau

Question 34

How can you use serum hCG to differentiate between a normal pregnancy, ectopic and failing pregnancy/miscarriage?

Answer 34

Normal pregnancy hCG should be increasing by >50% each day Ectopic pregnancy hCG increases by <50% each day or plateaus Failing intrauterine pregnancy/miscarriage dhCG decreases steadily

Question 35

What is recommended if you cant distinguish between a failing pregnancy/miscarriage and an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 35

dilation and curettage | determines the presence or absence of trophoblastic tissue

Question 36

What is recommended if you cant distinguish between a failing pregnancy/miscarriage and an ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 36

dilation and curettage | determines the presence or absence of trophoblastic tissue

Question 37

How do you treat moderate risk or failed expectant management of ectopic pregnancy?

Answer 37

methotrexate bum injection serum hCG until undetectable use contraception for at least 3 months

Question 38

What are moderate risk ectopic pregnancies?

Answer 38

haemodynamically stable | hCG <5000

Question 39

What is methotrexate and how does it work?

Answer 39

folic acid atagonists that disrupts rapidly dividing trophoblast cells

Question 40

How do you treat ruptured ectopic pregnancy or failed medical managment?

Answer 40

haemodynamically unstable surgery post surgery methotrexate (if still detectable hCG) anti D IG

Question 41

What is the apgar score?

Answer 41

measure of physical condition of a newborn

Question 42

APGAR?

Answer 42

activity (muscle tone): floppy, flexed arms and legs, moving pusle: none, <100, >100 grimace (reflex irratibility): none, grimace, sneezes/coughs and pulls away Apearance: blue/pale, pink core and blue extremities, pink Respiration: none, slow/irregular, crying

Question 43

what makes up the axiliary nerve?

Answer 43

fibers from C5 and C6

Question 44

Consequence of damage to axiliary nerve and when does this commonly occur?

Answer 44

loss of sensation over badge area paralysis of deltoid and teres minor- flat shoulder deformity dislocations of shoulder can damage the nerve

Question 45

What makes up the musculocutaneous nerve?

Answer 45

C5,6,7

Question 46

Carpal tunnel syndrome?

Answer 46

median nerve