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Random Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Sexually Transmitted diseases that must be reported to the CDC:

A 
N. gonorrhea
C. trachomatis
Hep B (acute, chronic, and perinatal)
Hep C (acute, past or present)
HIV
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2
Q

Bruton’s Agammaglobulinemia

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome

G6PD Deficiency

Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome

DMD

Hemophilia A and B

A

X-linked recessive diseases

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3
Q

Rifampin Up may car before I get Phenytoined at St. John’s Phenobarabershop where they are nevirapine on time, always drinking ETOH and always eats the gristle off of their steaks. Dexter has narcolepsy but is Nafsty with the clippers”

A

CYP450 Inducers:

Rifampin
Carbamazepine
Phenytoin
St. John's Wort
Nevirapine
chronic ETOH
Griseofulvin
Modafinil
Phenobarbital
Dexamethasone
Nafcillin
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4
Q

What type of HS reaction is TB reactivation?

A

Type IV:

T cells and macrophages initiate granulomatous inflammation

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5
Q

SICKFACES.COM when I am drinking Grapefruit juice

A 
CYP450 inhibitors:
sodium valproate
INH
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Acute EtOH abuse
Chloramphenicol
Erythromycin/Clarithromycin
Sulfonamides
Ciprofloxacin
Omeprazole
Metronidazole
Amiodarone
Grapefruit Juice
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6
Q

Always Think When Outdoors:

A

CYP450 substrates:

Anti-eleptics
Theophylline
Warfarin
OCPs

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7
Q

Anti-Jo Abs:

A

Polymyositis

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8
Q

Cellular infiltrate within the muscle fascicle with inflammatory cells invading individual muscle fibers

A

Polymyositis

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9
Q

Focal endomysial infiltration by CD8+ T lymphocytes and macrophages, capillary obliteration, endothelial cell damage, and increased amount of CT d/t muscle fiber necrosis

A

Histopathology for polymyositis

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10
Q

insidious onset of symmetrical, proximal muscle weakness in UE and LE; muscle pain and tenderness

A

Polymyositis

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11
Q

Elevated serum creatinine kinase, LDH, and aldolase.

Anti-Jo Abs

A

Polymyositis labs

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12
Q

Pentad of TTP:

A

Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenic purpura, neurologic abnormalities, fever, renal disease

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13
Q

Pathophys of TTP:

A

Deficiency in ADAMTS13 protease that cleaves vWF multimers into smaller vWF monomers leading to anemia from RBC trauma from vWF multimers and thrombocytopenia from platelets aggregating onto large multimers

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14
Q

Malignant ovarian tumor of epithelial origin that secretes serous material:

A

Papillary serous adenocarcinomas

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15
Q

Most common type of primary ovarian malignancy

A

Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma

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16
Q

Primary ovarian malignancy associated with intraperitoneal deposits:

A

Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma

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17
Q

Tx of neuroleptic malignant syndrome:

A

Dantrolene (1st line)–interferes with calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum within muscle cells

Bromocriptine–dopamine agonist

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18
Q

Monoclonal Ab treatment/prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax:

A

Raxibamucab–neutralizes the toxin formed by B. anthracis

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19
Q

Carcinoid tumors don’t show symptoms until…

A

they metastasize to the liver

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20
Q

Leutinized follicle cysts that form as a result of overstimulation of theca interna cells from high levels of bHCG

A

theca lutein cysts

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21
Q

Most common sex cord stromal tumor:

A

ovarian fibroma

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22
Q

Histo of ovarian fibromas:

A

spindle-shaped fibroblasts

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23
Q

Meig’s syndrome:

A

Ovarian fibroma, ascites (fluid wave on abdominal palpation), pleural effusion

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24
Q

a1 receptor signaling:

A

Gq protein –> increased intracellular calcium –> increased smooth muscle contraction, pupillary dilator muscle contraction, increased intestinal and bladder sphincter muscle contraction

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25
Q

B1 receptor signaling:

A

Gs signaling protein

increased contractility, increased HR, increased renin release and lipolysis

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26
Q

B2 receptor signaling:

A

Gs signaling protein:

vasodilation (by inhibition of MLCK), bronchodilation, increase HR & contractility, lipolysis, insulin release and decreased uterine tone

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27
Q

a2 receptor signaling:

A

Gi receptor signaling: inhibits adenylyl cyclase–> decrease in smooth muscle contraction

decreased sympathetic outflow, decreased insulin secretion, decreased lipolysis, increased platelet aggregation, decrease aqueous humor production

28
Q

Agar for Legionella pneumophila:

A

charcoal yeast agar enriched with cysteine and iron

29
Q

2 drugs recommended for systolic CHF and volume overload known to improve survival;

A

ACEIs and diuretics

30
Q

drugs recommended for prior CHF and decreased ejection fraction:

A

beta blocker

31
Q

Innervation to the palmar surface and nail beds of the 1st 3 digits

A

median nerve

32
Q

innervation of the thenar muscles and pronator teres:

A

median nerve

33
Q

innervation of the adductor pollicis

A

deep branch of the ulnar nerve

34
Q

atypical lymphocytosis, positive latex agglutination (Monospot test) and positive heterophile Ab

A

Infectious mononucleosis d/t EBV

35
Q

CAG trinucleotide repeat:

A

Huntington Dz, cx 4, AD

36
Q

CGG trinucleotide repeat:

A

Fragile X Syndrome, X cx, XLD

37
Q

CTG trinucleotide repeat:

A

Myotonic dystrophy, DMPK gene AD

38
Q

GAA trinucleotide repeat

A

Friederich ataxia, cx 9, AR

39
Q

Nuetrophilic infiltration of the thyroid gland:

A

DeQuervain’s thyroiditis

40
Q

Alz. dementia with an associated Parkinson-like movement disorder + hallucinations

A

Lewy body dementia

41
Q

leukotriene excess d/t inhibition of COX causing bronchoconstriction and wheezing

A

ASA induced asthma

42
Q

MC cause of bacterial parotitis:

A

S. aureus

43
Q

Unilateral and common among older popn d/t medications with atropine effect of reduced salivary flow:

A

bacterial parotitis

44
Q

Most common cause of aseptic meningitis:

A

enterovirus

45
Q

Effects of insulin on K+ levels:

A

insulin shift K+ into cells

46
Q

Anticipation due to ______ instability in myotonic dystrophy:

A

maternal meiosis

47
Q

Anticipation due to _____ instability in Friederich’s Ataxia:

A

maternal and paternal meiosis

48
Q

Anticipation due to _____ instability in Huntington’s Dz:

A

paternal meiosis

49
Q

negatively regulates PI3k/AKT pathway

A

PTEN tumor suppressor gene. When both copies are lost, can lead to breast, prostate and endometrial cancer

50
Q

Cryptococcus neoformans colonizes what organ?

A

the lungs

51
Q

PCP is a…

A

NMDA receptor antagonist

52
Q

CKD phosphate and calcium levels:

A

low serum calcium
high serum phosphorus
high PTH

53
Q

Anesthetics with a high tissue solubility have a high…

A

arteriovenous concentration gradient and slower onset of action

54
Q

Prophylaxis before rabies exposure:

A

inactivated vaccine

55
Q

Post exposure rabies prophylaxis

A

inactivated vaccine and rabies immune globin

56
Q

symptom/finding essential for TTP dx:

A

hemolytic anemia

57
Q

the ophthalmic artery is a branch of…

A

the internal carotid artery

58
Q

opiate of choice in acute pancreatitis…

A

meperidine b/c it does not increase pressure at the sphincter of oddi

59
Q

deficiency of uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

A

porphyria cutanea tarda

60
Q

deficiency of porphobilinogen deaminase

A

acute intermittent porphyria

61
Q

what is increased in the urine in acute intermittent porphyria

A

d-ALA and porphobilinogen

62
Q

red urine is seen in

A

acute intermittent porphyria–porphobilinogen deaminase deficiency

63
Q

major AEs of SSRIs:

A

sexual dysfunction and GI sx (nausea, diarrhea)

64
Q

where do goblet cells in the respiratory system stop?

A

just before the terminal bronchioles at the bronchi

65
Q

fever and mucocutaneous lesions that progress to epidermal necrosis and sloughing after use of certain medications:

A

Steven Johnson’s syndrome

66
Q

Most commonly implicated drugs in SJS:

A

lamotrigine, allopurinol, sulfonamide antibiotics (TMP/SMX), anticonvulsants (carbamazepine, phenytoin)

67
Q

mutations in melanoma

A

BRAF

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