reform, Progress And Revolution Flashcards
(36 cards)
Proletariat
Working class of people that are opposite the bourgeois
Joint stock investment banks
Able to have large amounts of capital to invest into industry that helped start the building of railroads across Europe and the expansion of all industries.
Karl Marx
German philosopher who wrote communist manifesto and support the movement of proletariat overthrow
Friedrich Engles
Friend of Marx who edits the manifesto and other works. Was the finical supporter of Marx
Communist manifesto
Idea that proletariat overthrows bourgeoisie and creates a classless society were everything is owned by the state
Tariffs
Tax on imported goods to try and protect domestic economy so low prices doesn’t making people stop buying from home country. Started after relatively free trade of early 1800s in the 2nd wave.
Cartel
A group of companies working together to reduce competition so they dont have to fight for low prices and keep them more consistent. Really big in Germany for many industries
Revisionism (evolutionary socialism)
Said Marx was wrong and Middle class would grow and working conditions were getting better. Said that you could achieve socialist goals through democracy not just revolution. (Eduard Bernstein)
Anarchism
Radical and said that state and gov’t should be abolished to achieve true freedom. Wanted revolution and assassinated many country leaders to try a collapse gov’t but didn’t work
Mass society
Due to industrialization and population growth a betterment of living conditions for all as well as education
Mass education
Everyone gets elementary education that is provided by the government which brings up literacy and creates a more skilled work force
Mass leisure
Because of higher wages more money and time to spend. Creates a more shared culture and included things like sports and dance halls.
Charles X
King of France from 1824 to 1830 didn’t respond to suffrage attempts and was overthrown by angry middle class after an economic depression.
Louis Phillipe
Replaced Charles X and worked as a constitutional monarch in support of bourgeoise. Hurt middle class and didn’t reform to support lower classes so was taken out.
Reform act of 1832
GB, gave urban cities more power by getting rid of rotten boroughs and lessen property qualifications but no help to working class.
Revolution of 1830
France, Overthrow Charles X to get a constitution monarchy that supports people (actually bourgeoisie)
Revolutions of 1848
In France overthrow Louis Phillipe for a republic that elects a Bonaparte. Also leads to upheavals in Germany states, Austrian empire and Italian states that dont really Succeed.
Poor act of 1834
GB, To try and handle poor workers by created housing for them but they have extremely bad conditions. The idea is that you can’t give them good support or they become lazy.
Anti Corn law 1846
Repeal corn laws that put tariffs and taxes on wheat to bring prices down and increase free trade. Done by PM Robert peel despite it being against his political parties ideals.
Tories
Conservative in England that weren’t really for reforms to increase voters or supporting new industrialists/working class. Against the Whigs who were more liberal and consisted of new industrial middle class.
Grossdeutsch
In Germanic states during 1848 that wanted a United Germany that included Austria
Kleindeutsch
Germany 1848, group that didn’t want Austria in United Germany
Giuseppe Mazzini
Nationalist in Italy who created Young Italy and dreamt of a United Italy
Napoleon III
New emperor of France after 1830 revolution and overthrow of louis Phillipe in 1848. As a dictator promoted industrialization, rebuilt paris but kept power to him self (not to representative body). Failed in foreign policy because of Mexico and fought in Crimean war against Russia.
