Regeneration Case Studies Flashcards
(12 cards)
Successful region- San Francisco Bay
Silicon Valley (Google, Twitter)
Positives- bioscience= job opportunites
Inward education migration- 2019- 190k permission to work long-term in California
low unemployment rates 3%
top 1%= $3.6m
However- housing crisis- only 5000 new homes built, average house over $1m
gentrification- pushed existing residents out
Unsuccessful region- Rust Belt
Detroit
-movement of manufacturing- spiral of decline
-high levels of social deprivation (education, healthcare, crime) in deindustrialised urban and rural areas once dominated by primary economic activities
-population 1970-1.5m to today 635k
Sydney as a successful global city
over 250 languages spoken
30% residents born overseas
in 2011- over 450k businesses based in Sydney
Australian Bureau of Statistics- SE coast as most socio-economically advantaged place
How has Sydney achieved this status?
low deprivation and high employment
-median age 36= young active workforce
– focus on quaternary
What are the costs and benefits of Sydney as a successful global city?
high average incomes=high living costs
5-15th world most expensive city
BUT HIGH QOL
UK gov policies eg deregulation of capital markets and immigration
From 2010, David Cameron imposed ‘good immigration not mass immigration’
enabling foreign investment in London prime real estate eg encouraging EU and US banks to open in London
created 30% UK GDP by 2008
Science and technology parks as the role of local governments
The Cambridge science park-established in 1970- 105 companies+ 6,500 employees
attracted AstraZeneca TNC
London Olympics 2012- regeneration strategy
LOWER LEA VALLEY
Costs
construction scheme lasting years=disrupts communities
Benefits-300 million- Olympic site into the “Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park”, -housing, new schools, health centres, business space and sports venues
The Olympic Village= 2,800 flats- spacious courtyards, gardens and balconies.
1000 new trees planted in East London
electrical vehicles 200 transported Olympians encouraging green travel
46k worked and 10% previously unemployed
Glasgow ‘Scotland with style’- rebranding attracting tourists
Bronte country, Kielder forest- rural rebranding
HS2- national government infrastructure investment (5)
new high-speed rail network to connect London to Birmingham and (Man and Leeds)
Phase 1 is expected to open 2029 to 2033
-announced (2023) that phase 2 will no longer go ahead (costs 33b to 71b due to inflation)
Estimated to create 22,000 jobs
Cut travel times by half
Expansion at Heathrow- national gov infrastructure investment (6)
a third runway to increase flights by 260kflights/ year
Terminals 1 and 3 be demolished, terminals 2 and 5 expanded over 30 years
expected to cost just under £20 billion (privately funded)
-Business leaders in favour of the expansion- boost the wider economy by £61 billion and create 77k jobs
-Local residents and environmental NGOs oppose the project- 761 homes demolished and pollution increase with extra flights
-paused due to the pandemic, inflation and the Government’s commitments to reducing the UK’s greenhouse gas emissions
