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BMSc anatomy > regional gross anatomy muscle functions > Flashcards

regional gross anatomy muscle functions Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 2 functions of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

flexion of the hip
extension of the knee

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2
Q

what is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh?

A

adduction of the hip

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3
Q

what are the 2 functions of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

extension of the hip
flexion of the knee

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4
Q

what is the function of iliacus?

A

hip flexion

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5
Q

what is the function of psoas major?

A

hip flexion

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6
Q

what is the function of pectineus?

A

hip flexion

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7
Q

what is the function of sartorius?

A

hip flexion

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8
Q

what is the function of quadriceps and what are the 4 components?

A

knee extension

rectus femoris
vastus medialis
vastus intermedialis
vastus lateralis

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9
Q

in addition to flexion of the hip what are the 3 other functions of sartorius?

A

abduction of the hip
lateral rotation of the hip
flexion of the knee

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10
Q

which quadriceps muscle can act on both the knee and the hip and what is the action on both joints?

A

rectus femoris can act on hip and knee

extension of the knee (like all other quadriceps muscles)

flexion of the hip (the only quadriceps muscle that can act on the hip)

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11
Q

what compartment is responsible for adduction of the hip?

A

the medial compartment

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12
Q

what are the hip adductor muscles?

A

gracilis
adductor longus
adductor brevis
adductor magnus

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13
Q

what muscle is part of the medial compartment of the thigh (hip adductors) but does not produce adduction of the hip?

A

obturator externus

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14
Q

what are the 2 functions of gracilis and explain

A

adduction of the hip - because it is part of medial compartment which is the adductor compartment

flexion of the knee - because it passes posterior to the knee joint

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15
Q

what is the function of adductor longus?

A

adduction of the hip

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16
Q

what are the 2 functions of adductor brevis (primary and assist)?

A

primary function - adduction of the hip

can assist w/ - flexion

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17
Q

what are the 3 functions of adductor magnus (primary and assist) and explain

A

primary - adduction of the hip

can assist w/ - flexion and extension of the hip joint due to the complex areas of attachment

18
Q

what is the function of obturator externus and explain why this is not what would be expected based on the compartment it is in

A

lateral rotation of the hip

in the medial compartment and so would be expected to be a hip adductor

19
Q

what are the 2 functions of the gluteal region?

A

lateral rotation of the hip joint
medial rotation of the hip joint

20
Q

which 5 muscles in the gluteal region are lateral rotators of the hip joint?

A

gluteus maximus
piriformis
obturator internus
the 2 gemelli
quadratus femorus

21
Q

what are the 2 muscles in the gluteal region that are medial rotators and abductors?

A

gluteus medius
gluteus minimus

22
Q

what are the 2 functions of gluteus maximus (primary and assist)?

A

primary - extension of the hip joint

can assist w/ - lateral rotation

23
Q

what are the functions of gluteus medius?

A

abduction of the hip
medial rotation of the hip

24
Q

what are the 2 functions of gluteus minimus?

A

abduction of hip
medial rotation of the hip

25
Q

what is the function of piriformis?

A

lateral rotation of the hip

26
Q

what is the function of obturator internus?

A

lateral rotation of the hip

27
Q

what is the function of the gemelli?

A

lateral rotation of the hip

28
Q

what is the function of obturator internus?

A

lateral rotation of the hip

29
Q

what are the 2 functions of the posterior compartment of the thigh?

A

extension of the hip
flexion of the knee

30
Q

what is the function of semitendinosus?

A

extension of the hip
flexion of the knee

31
Q

what is the function of semimembranosus?

A

extension of the hip
flexion of the knee

32
Q

what is the function of biceps femoris?

A

extension of the hip
flexion of the knee

33
Q

what is the function of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

extension of the ankle (dorsiflexion) = pointing toes down

34
Q

what are the 4 muscles of the anterior compartment?

A

tibialis anterior
extensor digitorum longus
peroneus Tertius
extensor hallicus longus

35
Q

what are the 2 functions of tibialis anterior?

A

dorsiflexion of the ankle
inversion of the foot

36
Q

what is the function of extension digitorum longus?

A

extension of the lateral 4 toes

37
Q

what is the function of peroneus tertius?

A

assist the lateral compartment w/ eversion (small muscle and so small contribution)

38
Q

what are the 2 functions of extensor hallicus longus?

A

extension of the great toe
dorsiflexion of the ankle

39
Q

what is the function of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

eversion of the foot

40
Q

what are the 2 muscles of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

peroneus longus
peroneus brevis

41
Q

what is the function of peroneus longus?

A

eversion of the foot

42
Q

what is the function of peroneus brevis?

A

eversion of the foot

BMSc anatomy (8 decks)

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