Regionalisation Flashcards
(28 cards)
What are the three main aims of the lecture on regionalisation and sustainability?
- Understanding regional value chains and agglomeration advantages,
- assessing whether regional economies can foster sustainability, and
- exploring basics of sustainable development in globalized economies.
How does Rodrik (2018) describe globalization today?
As increasingly fragmented rather than uniform across regions.
According to Ponte et al. (2023), what role do global value chains (GVCs) play in inequality?
GVCs are inherently constitutive of global inequalities.
What are three alternative development pathways discussed in the lecture?
A) Regional networks and collaboration, B) Local agglomeration and clusters, C) Sustainable economic development.
How does Dicken (2003) describe globalization processes?
As contingent on local circumstances, not uniform or universal.
What is regionalisation, according to Krätke (1995)?
The small-scale territorial integration and networking of activities and actors, often revitalizing regional assets.
What causes regionalisation?
Agglomeration advantages, coherence of regional structures, and aligned political interests.
Is regionalisation the opposite of globalisation?
Not necessarily—both can coexist; regionalisation emphasizes local proximity, while globalisation involves wider-scale interactions.
What are regional value chains (RVCs)?
Chains where lead firms coordinate production and supply within a region to enhance local value addition and strengthen markets.
What drives the development of RVCs?
Policies, proximity advantages, regional identity, local initiatives, and demand-driven industry growth.
What are key constraints to RVCs?
Path dependency, institutional inequalities, supplier specialization, and vulnerabilities to global trade changes.
What is reshoring?
Bringing manufacturing back to domestic or regional bases for cost, political, or resilience reasons.
What is friendshoring?
Rerouting supply chains to politically stable, low-risk countries with shared norms and values.
What are agglomeration economies?
Economic benefits from the geographic clustering of firms, such as cost reductions and innovation from proximity.
What are localization and urbanization economies?
Localization: benefits from industry-specific clustering. Urbanization: benefits from overall city size and diversity.
What are three key sources of agglomeration economies?
Thick labor markets, shared suppliers, and knowledge spillovers.
How do knowledge spillovers enhance innovation, according to Jane Jacobs (1969)?
Cross-industry interactions in diverse cities generate valuable new ideas and innovations.
What are cluster policies and why are they implemented?
Public interventions to promote economic clusters by encouraging collaboration, infrastructure, and local identity.
Why are cities described as knowledge flow intersections?
They connect local and global knowledge via spatial and relational proximity, enhancing innovation.
What is the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC)?
A hypothesis that environmental degradation increases with early economic growth but improves at higher income levels.
What are criticisms of the EKC model?
Limited pollutant scope, outsourcing of pollution, persistent inequalities, and over-reliance on technological fixes.
What was introduced in the 1987 Brundtland Report?
The concept of sustainable development—meeting current needs without compromising future generations.
What were the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)?
UN’s 2000 framework with 8 global goals for poverty, education, health, and gender equality, to be met by 2015.
What replaced the MDGs in 2015 and why?
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), expanding to 17 interconnected goals addressing economic, social, and environmental issues.
