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Relevant Treatments Flashcards

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1
Q

absence seizures

A

ethosuximide

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2
Q

acute gout attack

A

NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids

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3
Q

acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)

A

all-trans retinoic acid

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4
Q

ADHD

A

methylphenidate, CBT, atomoxetine, guanfacine, clonidine

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5
Q

alcoholism

A

disulfram, acamprostate, naltrexone, supportive care

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6
Q

alcohol withdrawl

A

long-acting benzodiazepines (chlordiazepoxide, lorazepam, diazepam)

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7
Q

anorexia

A

nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine

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8
Q

arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue

A

class IB antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)

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9
Q

benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

alpha-antagonists, 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors

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10
Q

bipolar d/o

A

mood stabilizers (lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine), atypical antipsychotics

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11
Q

breast cancer in postmeno women

A

aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)

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12
Q

buerger disease

A

smoking cessation

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13
Q

bulimia nervosa

A

SSRIs

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14
Q

candida albicans

A

vaginitis: topical azoles
oral/esophageal: nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin
systemic: fluconazole, capsofungin, amphotericin B

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15
Q

carcinoid cyndrome

A

octreotide

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16
Q

chlamydia trachomatis

A

doxycycline (+ceftriaxone for gonorrhea coinfection)

erythromycin eye drops (prophylaxis in infants)

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17
Q

chronic gout

A

xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol)

pegloticase, probenecid

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18
Q

chronic hep B or C

A

IFN-alpha

ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)

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19
Q

chronic myelogenous leukemia

A

imatinib

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20
Q

clostridium botulinum

A

antitoxin

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21
Q

clostridium difficile

A

oral metronidazole

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22
Q

clostridium tetani

A

antitoxin

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23
Q

CMV

A

ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir

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24
Q

crohn disease

A

corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine

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25
cryptococcus neoformans
fluconazole (in AIDS patients) | amphotericin B
26
cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
mensa
27
depression
SSRIs (first line)
28
diabetes insipidus
central: desmopressin nephrogenic: hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride
29
DM type 1
diet + insulin replacement
30
DM type 2
diet + oral hypoglycemics, insulin
31
DKA
fluids, insulin, K+
32
drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
heparin
33
enterococci
vancomycin (or linezolid), aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
34
erectile dysfunction
sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
35
ER + breast cancer
tamoxifen
36
ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor) | ethanol if youre way poor
37
haemophilus influenza B
prophylaxis: rifampin | get the vaccine dude
38
generalized anxiety d/o
SSRIs (1st line), SNRIs, buspirone
39
granulomatosis w/ polyangiitis (Wegeners)
cyclophosphamide | corticosteroids
40
heparin reversal
protamine sulfate
41
HER2/neu + breast cancer
trastuzumab
42
hyperaldosteronism
spironolactone | ketoconazole?
43
hypercholesterolemia
statin (1st line)
44
hypertriglyceridemia
fibrate | niacin
45
immediate anticoagulation
heparin
46
infertility
leuprolide GnRH (pulsatile) clomiphene
47
influenza
oseltamivir, zanamivir
48
kawasaki disease
ASA, IVIG
49
legionella pneumophila
macrolides (azithromycin) | fluoroquinolones
50
long term anticoagulation
warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, apixaban
51
malaria
blood shizont: chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil hypnozoites: primaquine
52
malignant hyperthermia
dantrolene (1st line) | bromocriptine
53
medical abortion
mifepristone
54
migraine
``` abortive therapies (sumatriptan, NSAIDs) prophylaxis (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline) ```
55
multiple sclerosis
disease modifying therapies (beta IFN, natalizumab) IV steroids for acute flares spasticity (baclofen, tizanidine)
56
mycobacterium tuberculosis
rifampin isoniazid pyrazinamide ethambutol
57
neisseria gonorrhoeae
ceftriaxone (+ doxy for chlamydia concurrent infection)
58
neisseria meningitidis
penicillin/ceftriaxone | rifampin (prophylaxis)
59
neural tube defect prevention
prenatal folic acid
60
osteomalacia/rickets
vitamin D
61
osteoporosis
Ca/Vit D (prophylaxis) | bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMS, calcitonin, denosumab
62
patent ductus arteriosus
close w/ indomethacin | keep open w/ PGE analogs
63
pheochromocytoma
phenoxybenzamine (alpha-antagonists)
64
pneumocystis jirovevii
TMP-SMX
65
prolactinoma
cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
66
prostate adenocarcinoma/ uterine fibroids
leuprolide | GnRH (continuous)
67
prostate adenocarcinoma
flutamide
68
pseudomonas aeruginosa
antipseudomonal penicillins aminoglycosides carbapenems
69
pulmonary arterial HTN (idiopathic)
siildenafil bosentan epoprostenol
70
rickettsia rickettsii
doxycycline | chloramphenicol
71
schizophrenia (negative sx)
atypical antipsychotics
72
schizophrenia (positive sx)
typical and atypical antipsychotics
73
SIADH
fluid restriction, IV hypertonic saline, conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
74
sickle cell dz
hydroxyurea (increases HbF)
75
sporothrix schenckii
itraconazole, oral K iodide
76
stable angina
sublingual nitroglycerin
77
staph aureus
nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin | MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
78
streptococcus bovis
penicillin prophylaxis, check for colon CA
79
streptococcus pneumoniae
penicillin/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia) | vancomycin (meningitis)
80
streptococcus pyogenes
penicillin prophylaxis
81
temporal arteritis
high dose steroids
82
tonic-clonic seizures
levetiracetam phenytoin valproate carbamazepine
83
toxoplasma gondii
sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
84
treponema pallidum
penicillin
85
trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole (patient and partner)
86
trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureux)
carbamazepine (1st) | baclofen, valproic acid (next)
87
ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (mesalamine) | 6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
88
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
89
warfarin reversal
``` FFP (acute) vit K (non-acute) ```
90
status epilepticus
IV benzos (lorazepam)
91
sustained arrhythmias post MI
1st line: amiodorone | 2nd: lidocaine
92
prevent gynecomastia in androgen-deprivation-therapy pts
SERMs (tamoxifen)
93
delirium: old folks
haloperidol
94
delirium: EtOH/benzo withdrawl
benzos
95
otitis media
amoxicillin amox/clavulaunic acid cephalosporins
96
postprandial hyperglycemia
lispro aspart glulisine
97
TCA cardiotox
sodium bicarb (more basic serum -- neutralizes TCA, increases extracellular sodium to overcome competitive inhibition)
98
heparin induced thrombocytopenia
direct thrombin inhibitors
99
cause ototoxicity
``` loops aminoglycosides salicylates cisplatin streptomycin vancomycin ```
100
prevention of coronary artery thrombosis
ASA
101
prevention of ischemic strokes
ASA
102
prevention of DVTs/PEs
heparin
103
CYP450 inducers
``` carbamazepine phenobarbital phenytoin rifampin modafinil griseofulvin St. johns wort cyclophosphamide ```
104
CYP450 inhibitors
``` CRACK AMIGOS ciprofloxacin ritonavir amiodarone cimetidine ketoconazole acute alcohol use macrolides isoniazid grapefruit juice omeprazole sulfonamides ```
105
postherpetic neuralgia
TCAs anticonvulsants (Gabapentin) lidocaine patches capsaicin
106
avoid myelosuppression w/ methotrexate
leucovorin (folinic acid - reduced form of folic acid that doesn't need DHF-reductase)
107
tx to prevent vasospasm post subarachnoid hemorrhage
nimodipine
108
cyanide poisoning
amyl nitrates
109
narcolepsy
milodifil
110
serotonin syndrome
cyproheptadine
111
hypertensive crisis (MAO-Is and tyramine)
phentolamine
112
drug given during angioplasty in pts w/ ACS
abciximab
113
tx hypocalcemia after complete thyroidectomy
calcitriol (not calcidiol which needs PTH)
114
acute intermittent porphyria
glucose or hemin (inhibits ALA synthase activity)
115
urge incontinence
antimuscarinics (M3)
116
drug-induced parkinsonism (EPS)
anticholinergics (benzotropine, trihexyphenidyl)
117
nausea from chemotherapy
ondansetron
118
treatment resistant schizo
clozapine
119
essential tremor
propranolol
120
Wilson dz
D-penicillamine
121
benzos with liver problems
lorazepam oxazepam temazepam
122
counteract theophylline
beta blockers
123
CGD
prophylactic: TMP-SMX, itraconozole | IFN-gamma
124
cystinuria
acetazolamide
125
decrease aqueous humor synthesis
epi (alpha-1) brimonidine (alpha-2) timolol, betaxolol, carteolol acetazolamide
126
increase outflow of aqueous humor
pilocarpine, carbachol physostigmine, echothiophate bimatoprost, latanoprost
127
ALS
riluzole (decrease glutamate excitotoxicity)
128
Huntington
tetrabenazine/resperidine (inhibit VMAT, decrease dopamine release) haloperidol (D2R antagonist)
129
SLE
steroids NSAIDs hydroxychloroquine cyclophosphamide
130
fibromyalgia
FDA: pregabalin, milnacipran (SNRI) traditional: amitriptyline, fluoxetine
131
cellulitis
non-MRSA: dicloxacillin, cephalexin | MRSA: TMP-SMX, clindamycin

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