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Yr 3 - Reproduction > Repro Embryology > Flashcards

Repro Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

The cloaca divides to form what?

A

Rectum and Urogenital sinus

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2
Q

The mesonephric duct drains into what?

A

Urogenital sinus

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3
Q

The urogenital sinus formw what?

A

Urinary bladder

Caudal end - urethra

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4
Q

What are the types of early kidney at 5 weeks?

A 
Pronephros
Mesonephros
Metanephros
 - Ureteric bud
 - Metanephric mesoderm
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5
Q

The medial part of the mesonephric ridge becomes thickened to form what?

A

Genital/gonadal ridge

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6
Q

Germ cell migration into genital ridge forms what?

A

Indifferent gonad

no migration means no gonads

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7
Q

Epithelium of the mesonephros invaginates to form what?

A

The para-mesonephric duct

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8
Q

What happens at the paramesonephric duct?

A

Develops lateral to the developing gonads and mesonephric duct
Projects into dorsal wall of urogenital sinus

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9
Q

What are the 3 major embryologial structures of the reproductive tract?

A

Indifferent gonad
Mesonephric duct
Paramesonephric duct
Urogenital sinus

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10
Q

What does the indifferent gonad form in males?

A

Testis

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11
Q

What does the indifferent gonad form in females?

A

Ovary

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12
Q

What does the mesonephric duct form in males?

A

Epididymis
Vas deferens
Seminal vesicle

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13
Q

What does the paramesonephric duct form in males?

A

It degenerates

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14
Q

What does the urogenital sinus form in males?

A

Bladder
Urethra
Prostate

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15
Q

What does the mesonephric duct form in females?

A

It degenerates

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16
Q

What does the paramesonephric duct form in females?

A

Uterus
Fallopian tubes
Uterus
Cervix

17
Q

What does the urogenital sinus form in females?

A

Bladder

Lower part of vagina

18
Q

How is testes formation determined genetically?

A

Sex determining region Y on Y chromosome leads to development of Sertoli cells
Sertoli secrete Mullerian-inhibiting-substance
Paramesonephric duct degenerates
MIS causes Leydig cell formation
Testosterone –> MAN

19
Q

Where do the Seminal Vesicles originate?

A

Outgrowth from the end of the mesonephric duct

20
Q

Where does the prostate originate?

A

Outgrowth from urethra (urogenital sinus)

21
Q

The indifferent gonad develops into what by default?

A

Ovary

22
Q

What protein causes testis formation?

A

TDF - Testis determining factor (encoded in SRY on Y chromosome)

23
Q

How many primordial follicles do females have at birth?

A

2 Million

24
Q

How many follicles are developed per menstrual cycle?

A

12-15 days

25
Q

Absence of testosterone causes what in the tubular components?

A

Degeneration of mesonephros + mesonephric duct

Paramesonephric duct develops

26
Q

The cranial end of the paramesonephric duct forms what?

A

Ovary

27
Q

The caudal end of the paramesonephric duct forms what?

A

Uterus

Superior part of vagina

28
Q

What forms the inferior part of the vagina?

A

Urogenital sinus

29
Q

At what vertebral level do the gonads form?

A

T10

30
Q

Outline the descent of the testis?

A

Wk 7 - T10
Wk 12 - Deep inguinal ring
Wk 39 - Enters scrotum

31
Q

Outline the descent of the Ovary?

A

Wk 7 - T10
Wk 12 - Broad ligament
Round ligament drawn through inguinal canal

32
Q

What do parents notice in Cryptorchidism?

A 
Testes that are:
Undecended
Ectopic
Retractile
Absent
33
Q

What complications are associated with Cryptorchidism?

A

Infertility
Germ cell tumours
Testicular torsion

Yr 3 - Reproduction (37 decks)

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