Reproductive System Flashcards
(20 cards)
This process produces gametes:
A) Mitosis B) Meiosis C) Diploid D) Haploid Meiosis refers to a kind of cell division that produces gametes or sex cells.
Mitosis is a kind of cell division where the replicated chromosomes are separated into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Diploid refers to the normal chromosome number in humans which is 46.
Haploid refers to the number of chromosomes in sperm cells and oocytes which is 23.
Meiosis
Meiosis refers to a kind of cell division that produces gametes or sex cells.
Mitosis is a kind of cell division where the replicated chromosomes are separated into two genetically identical daughter cells.
Diploid refers to the normal chromosome number in humans which is 46.
Haploid refers to the number of chromosomes in sperm cells and oocytes which is 23.
Organ that allows for exchange of waste products and nutrients between mother and fetus. It protects, cushions, and nourishes the fetus.
A) Placenta
B) Umbilical Cord
C) Corpus Luteum
D) Uterus
Placenta
A fetus is connected to the placenta by the umbilical cord while in the uterus. The placenta is an organ that connects the fetus to the wall of the uterus. It is the site of exchange of waste products and nutrients between the mother and fetus. It also protects, cushions, and nourishes the fetus.
Functions to ensure the continuation of a species:
A) Cardiovascular system
B) Endocrine System
C) Reproductive System
D) Nervous System
Reproductive system
Continuation of a species relies on the reproductive system.
Choice A. The cardiovascular system functions to deliver blood and nutrients to the tissues of the body.
Choice B. The endocrine system is responsible for the production of hormones that influence various bodily processes such as growth and development, metabolism, sexual function, and among many others.
Choice C. The reproductive system is responsible for the continuation of a species.
Choice D. The nervous system functions to receive and send signals to and from the body. It is through this system that we communicate to the outside world and respond to various stimuli.
Two pea-sized glands located beneath the prostate gland. They produce mucus to lubricate the urethra.
A) Cowper’s glands
B) Testicles
C) Seminal vesicles
D) Ovaries
Cowper’s glands
The Cowper’s glands are two pea-sized glands located beneath the prostate gland. They produce mucus to lubricate the urethra. They are also called Bulbourethral glands.
The testicles are two oval organs that produce sperm in men locate behind the penis.
The seminal vesicles are found behind the bladder of males and secrete a majority the fluid that ultimately becomes semen.
Ovaries are part of the female reproductive system.
These are tubes that serve as passageway for the egg to pass from the ovaries to the uterus.
A) Fallopian tubes
B) Vagina
C) Mammary glands
D) Penis
Fallopian tubes
The fallopian tubes which are also known as uterine tubes are where eggs pass from the ovaries to the uterus.
The vagina is the female organ of copulation which connects the uterus to the vestibule.
The mammary glands are modified sweat glands which are responsible for production of milk.
The penis is the male organ of copulation which transfers sperm cells from male to female.
Which of the following male hormone is responsible for the development of male secondary sexual characteristics?
A) Luteinizing hormone
B) Follicle-stimulationg hormone
C) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
D) Testosterone
Testosterone
Luteininzing hormone (LH) is produced from the anterior pituitary gland. It is responsible for stimulating testosterone synthesis and secretion.
Follilcle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is produced from the anterior pituitary gland. It supports spermatogenesis or the formation of sperm.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced from the hypothalamus. It is responsible for stimulating the secretion of both Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
Testosterone is produced from the Leydig cells in the testes and serves several functions in the male reproductive system. It supports spermatogenesis or the formation of sperm, stimulates the development and maintenance of reproductive organs, and also influences the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. Through a negative feedback, testosterone can inhibit the secretion of LH, FSH, and GnRH.
Another name for sperm cell:
A) Spermatozoon
B) Oocyte
C) Gamete
D) Spermatogonia
Spermatozoon
In general, gametes refer to sex cells. Male gametes or male sex cells are called as sperm cells are spermatozoon. On the other hand, female gametes or female sex cells are called oocytes.
Spermatogonia are cells that give rise to the sperm cells.
The accumulation and movement of sperm cells and other male secretions into the urethra is called:
A) Infertility
B) Resolution
C) Ejaculation
D) Emission
Emission
Infertility refers to the inability to produce offspring.
Resolution phase occurs after ejaculation. It is in this phase where the penis becomes flaccid and where the male is unable to achieve erection and ejaculation again.
Ejaculation refers to the forceful expulasion of the male secretions, which includes the sperm, from the urethra to the exterior.
Emission refers to the accumulation and movement of sperm cells and other prostatic and seminal vesicle secretions into the urethra.
Day one, or the beginning, of the female cycle is?
A) Day of ovulation
B) Day after ovulation
C) First day of menstruation
D) Day before menstruation begins
First day of menstruation
The first day of menstruation is the beginning of the female cycle. Ovulation usually occurs in the middle of the cycle, or approximately 12-16 days before menstruation begins. The day before menstruation starts is the last day of the cycle.
Male gametes are called:
A) Sperm cells
B) Oocytes
C) Sex cells
D) Meiosis
Sperm cells
In general, gametes refer to sex cells. Male gametes or male sex cells are called as sperm cells. On the other hand, female gametes or female sex cells are called oocytes.
Meiosis refers to cell division that produces gametes or sex cells.
The _________ is an organ that serves as the incubator for a growing zygote and fetus.
A) ovary
B) ureter
C) uterus
D) urethra
Uterus
The uterus is a hollow organ located in the female pelvis between the bladder and rectum. Once the egg has left the ovary and traveled through the Fallopian tube it can be fertilized and implant itself in the lining of the uterus. The uterus, or womb, is responsible for protecting the developing fetus prior to birth.
Ureters are the ducts that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
The urethra is a tube that carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body.
All of the following are part of the male’s reproductive system, except:
A) Seminal vesicle
B) Penis
C) Ductus deferens
D) Uterine tube
Uterine tube
The male reproductive system is composed of the following:
Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Penis Ductus deferens Epididymis Testis
The female reproductive system is composed of the following:
Mammary gland or breast Uterine tube Ovary Uterus Vagina
Which hormone influences the female secondary sex characteristics?
A) Follicle-stimulating hormone
B) Oxytocin
C) Prolactin
D) Estrogen
Estrogen
Follicle-stimulating hormone is produced from the anterior pituitary gland. It serves to influence the development of follicles.
Oxytocin is produced from the posterior pituitary gland. It functions by causing contraction of the uterine smooth muscles during intercourse and at childbirth. Also, it causes contraction of myoepithelial cells in the breast the results in milk letdown in lactating women.
Prolactin is a female hormone produced from the anterior pituitary gland. It functions to stimulate the production of milk after parturition.
Estrogen is a female hormone produced from the follicles of the ovaries and serves several important functions. This hormone influences the following: a) development of female secondary sex characteristics, b) development of mammary glands, and c) proliferation of endometrial cells. Also, it causes a positive-feedback effect before ovulation which in turn results in an increase in Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Together with progesterone, estrogen produces a negative-feedback effect on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland after ovulation. This in turn, results to a decrease in the secretion of Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
The _____ both has exocrine and endocrine functions. Exocrine for the formation of sperm and endocrine for the formation of testosterone.
A) Testes
B) Ductus deferense
C) Epididymis
D) Tunica albuginea
Testes
Testes- These are two, small, ovoid organs situated within the scrotum. Its exocrine function includes the formation of sperm while its endocrine function is the formation of testosterone.
Ductus deferens- Also called vas deferense, this is a duct that serves to transport sperm from the testicle to urethra.
Epididymis- This is a duct situated behind the testis where sperm passes to the vas deferens or ductus deferens.
Tunica albuginea forms the outer capsule of each testis. It is made up of connective tissue.
Which of the following is part of the female’s reproductive system?
A) Testis
B) Epididymis
C) Uterine tube
D) Prostate gland
Uterine tube
The female reproductive system is composed of the following:
Mammary gland or breast Uterine tube Ovary Uterus Vagina
The male reproductive system is composed of the following:
Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Penis Ductus deferens Epididymis Testis
Mild, irregular practice contractions experienced in the third trimester of pregnancy as uterine muscles tense for short periods
A) Mittelschmerz
B) Braxton-hicks
C) Active Labor
D) Detrusor contraction
Braxton-hicks
Choice A. Mittelschmerz is lower abdominal pain associated with ovulation.
Choice B. Braxton-hicks contractions are mild, irregular practice contractions experienced in the third trimester of pregnancy as uterine muscles tense for short periods.
Choice C. Active labor is the second and final stage of labor. At this time, dilation of the cervix begins more rapidly and contractions are now longer and stronger.
Choice D. Detrusor contractions are bladder spasms.
Which of the following is part of the male’s reproductive system?
A) Seminal vesicle
B) Mammary gland
C) Vagina
D) Uterine tube
Seminal vesicle
The male reproductive system is composed of the following:
Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Penis Ductus deferens Epididymis Testis
The female reproductive system is composed of the following:
Mammary gland or breast Uterine tube Ovary Uterus Vagina
_________ are glandular organs in the pelvis that produce the ovum and female sex hormones.
A) Estrogen
B) Kidneys
C) Testes
D) Ovaries
Ovaries
The ovaries are the ovum and hormone-producing reproductive organ found in the female human body.
All of the following are parts of the female reproductive system, except:
A) Mammary gland
B) Ovary
C) Ductus deferens
D) Uterus
Ductus deferens
The female reproductive system is composed of the following:
Mammary gland or breast Uterine tube Ovary Uterus Vagina
The male reproductive system is composed of the following:
Seminal vesicle Prostate gland Penis Ductus deferens Epididymis Testis
The _____ from the hypothalamus serves to influence the secretion of both Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
A) Testosterone
B) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
C) Prolactin
D) Estrogen
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
Testosterone is produced from the Leydig cells in the testes and serves several functions in the male reproductive system. It supports spermatogenesis or the formation of sperm, stimulates the development and maintenance of reproductive organs, and also influences the development of male secondary sexual characteristics. Through a negative feedback, testosterone can inhibit the secretion of Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) is produced from the hypothalamus. It is responsible for stimulating the secretion of both Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
Prolactin is a female hormone produced from the anterior pituitary gland. It functions to stimulate the production of milk after parturition.
Estrogen is a female hormone produced from the follicles of the ovaries and serves several important functions. This hormone influences the following: a) development of female secondary sex characteristics, b) development of mammary glands, and c) proliferation of endometrial cells. Also, it causes a positive-feedback effect before ovulation which in turn results in an increase in Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) secretion. Together with progesterone, estrogen produces a negative-feedback effect on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland after ovulation. This in turn, results to a decrease in the secretion of Luteinizing hormone (LH) and Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).
