Research Methods Flashcards
(12 cards)
What is a directional hypothesis?
When the hypothesis predicts which way the results will go (one tailed)
When is a directional hypothesis used and what are some key words which indicate direction?
- used when there is previous research which suggests a particular outcome
- uses words like positive/ negative correlation, less than, more than
What is a non-directional hypothesis?
When the hypothesis predicts that there will be an effect but no not what it is (two tailed)
When is a non-directional hypothesis used and what are some key words which indicate it it non-directional?
- when there is no previous research that has been done or research findings are contradictory
- uses words like relationship, correlation, difference
What is a null hypothesis?
Hypothesis that predicts no difference or any difference is due to chance
What does operationalised mean?
It should be clear exactly how you are measuring variables
What is a lab experiment’s setting? What is the ability to manipulate the IV in a lab experiment?
- controlled environment e.g. lab or classroom
- Researcher can ensure any effect on the DV so manipulation of IV by researcher is easy and highly controlled
what is an aim?
the general purpose/ goal of the investigation
Independent Variable
The variable that is manipulated or categorised to observe its effect on the dependent variable.
Dependent Variable
The variable that is measured to assess the effect of the independent variable.
Extraneous Variable
Variables other than the IV that may affect the DV if not controlled