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PSL301 > Resp: Anatomy and Breathing > Flashcards

Resp: Anatomy and Breathing Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

why dont single cell amoebas need lungs?

A

diffusion is enough to get o2 in and out of the system

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2
Q

what are the 3 sites of exchange in the respiratory system

A

between atmosphere and lung, between lung and blood, between blood and cells

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3
Q

what are the four functions of the respiratory system

A

transfer gases between air and blood
regulate body ph
defence against inhaled pathogens
vocalization

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4
Q

what is the role of the trachea

A
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5
Q

what structures constitute the upper respiratory tract

A
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6
Q

what structures constitute the lower respiratory tract

A
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7
Q

what are the muscles of inspiration

A
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8
Q

what are the muscles of expiration

A
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9
Q

what are the pleural sacs & what is their role

A
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10
Q

what does the fluid in the pleural cavity do

A
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11
Q

what are the three roles of the airway

A
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12
Q

what structures constitute the airway

A
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13
Q

where does gas exchange actually occur

A
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14
Q

what is the role of cilia lining the airway

A
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15
Q

explain what cilia does to mucous, what mucous does, and what the role of the water saline layer is

A
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16
Q

how do immune cells disable pathogens

A
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17
Q

1st bifurcation in the air way splits

A
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18
Q

2-4 bifurcations split

A
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19
Q

how do the 1st - 4th bifurcations maintain their shape

A
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20
Q

the 5th - 11th bifurcations split

A
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21
Q

the 12-16 bifurcations split

A
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22
Q

how are the 5 - 16th bifurcations stabalised

A
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23
Q

t/f: gas exchange happens in the airways

A
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24
Q

why do we want to distribute air to the alveoli at a low velocity?

A
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25
discuss the relationship between surface area and gas exchange
26
where does gas exchange occur
27
how many alveoli do we have? rough size?
28
what is the role of alveoli?
29
what is the dif between type 1 and 2 alveolar cells
30
which alveolar cells make surfactant
31
what does surfactant do
32
through which type of diffusion does alveolar gas exchange occur
33
describe the blood flow vs blood pressure in the lungs
34
describe the path of blood from the heart, to the lungs, back to the heart, indicating when oxygenation occurs
35
which side of the heart does blood go to the lungs from ? from which side of the heart does the blood come from the lungs to
36
what happens to the right heart in the end stages of heart failure? why
37
what happens to lungs in end stages of heart failure
38
what are four ways in which the resp system protects itself from pathogens
39
what is a spirometer?
40
the trough of the wave on a spirometer represents what?
41
the peak of the wave of a spirometer represents what?
42
what is the VT?
43
what is the IRV
44
what is the ERV
45
what is the RV
46
what is the IC
47
what is the FRC
48
what is the VC
49
what is the TLC
50
how are each of the volumes and capacities (RV, ERV, TV, IRV, IC, FRC, TLC) affected in obstructive lung disease
51
what generally happens in obstructive lung disease? disease example?
52
what happens generally in inspiratory restrictive lung disease? disease example?
53
what happens generally in expiratory reserve lung disease? disease example?
54
how are each of the volumes and capacities (RV, ERV, TV, IRV, IC, FRC, TLC) affected in in inspiratory restrictive lung disease
55
how are each of the volumes and capacities (RV, ERV, TV, IRV, IC, FRC, TLC) affected in expiratory restrictive lung disease
56
what is FEV
57
what is FVC
58
what is a normal FEV FVC ratio
59
how does the FEV, FVC , and the ratio change in obstructive lung disease? why?
60
how can you treat asthma?
61
how does the FEV FVC ratio change in restrictive lung disease? why?
62
t/f: any FVC FEV ratio about 80% is healthy. explain why or why not

PSL301 (32 decks)

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