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Respiratory Flashcards

(49 cards)

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1
Q

What are signs and symptoms of asthma?

A

Difficulty speaking in full sentences, use of accessory muscles, hyper resonance

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2
Q

When is a short dose of oral systemic corticosteroids considered?

A

In both moderate and severe persistent asthma

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3
Q

When stepping up the treatment what is the preferred combination medication therapy in asthma?

A

Long-acting beta and allergic agonists (LABA) with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS)

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4
Q

Three hallmark symptoms of pneumonia?

A

Shaking chills, purulent sputum, lung consolidation

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5
Q

What is the typical recommendation for intermittent asthma?

A

A short acting beta agonist (SABA) PRN

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6
Q

Is bronchiolitis obstructive or restrictive?

A

Obstructive

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7
Q

What is the other name for whooping cough?

A

Pertussis

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8
Q

Classify the severity of this asthma: two days per week of symptoms two times per month of night time awakenings two days per week using a rescue inhaler no interference with normal activity and an FEV greater than 80%.

A

Intermittent asthma

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9
Q

What are the four antibiotics most often used to treat pneumonia called, depending on the infecting organism?

A

Penicillin, macrolides, amoxicillin, or cephalosporins

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10
Q

What symptom is present in the newborn with cystic fibrosis?

A

Viscid meconium or a meconium ileus

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11
Q

What is the most common pathogen causing pneumonia in newborns?

A

Group b strep, chlamydia, E coli

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12
Q

List a inhaled corticosteroid example

A

Salmeterol

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13
Q

What aspect of the pathophysiology of asthma causes remodeling?

A

Thickening of epithelial basement membranes

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14
Q

What pneumonia causing bacteria pathogens cause patchy infiltrates?

A

E coli, staphylococcus, pseudomonas

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15
Q

What is there some other signs or symptoms of cystic fibrosis in children?

A

Salt tasting skin, hepatosplenomegaly, fat soluble vitamin deficiencies, failure to thrive, infertility

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16
Q

What are some signs or symptoms of bronchiolitis?

A

tachypnea, wheezing, respiratory distress, cyanosis

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17
Q

What virus is responsible for 50% of all bronchiolitis?

A

RSV

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18
Q

What is the management of pertussis?

A

Antibiotics such as azithromycin, small frequent meals and frequent fluids

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19
Q

What is the most common pathogen causing pneumonia in preschool and young adulthood?

A

Strep pneumonia, mycoplasma pneumonia

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20
Q

Are the common allergens affecting asthma found indoors or outdoors?

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A

Indoors such as dust mites, pets, cockroaches, cigarette smoke

21
Q

A mutation on what gene causes cystic fibrosis?

22
Q

What are the criteria for those who should receive palivizumab?

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A

Less than 2 years of age with chronic lung disease and treated within 6 months of RSV season; premature infant (<32 weeks) during the first year of life; infants between 32 to 35 weeks if risk factors are present

23
Q

What is the late stage of pertussis characterized by?

Study These Flashcards
A

Paroxysms followed by a woop sound as well as vomiting and exhaustion

24
Q

classify this asthma: daily symptoms, nighttime awakenings more than once per week but not nightly, rescue inhaler use daily, some interference with normal activity, and an FEV 60 to 80%

Study These Flashcards
A

Moderate persistent

25
What is pilocarpine iontophoresis?
Sweat test
26
Classified this asthma colon symptoms throughout the day, nightly night time awakenings, rescue inhaler use several times per day, extreme interference with normal activity and an FUV less than 60%.
Severe persistent
27
What is the medication recommendation for mild persistent asthma?
Low dose inhaled corticosteroid with a SABA PRN
28
What three bacterial pathogens cause lobar pneumonia?
H influenza, s pneumonia, klebsiella
29
When changing asthma medications how often should the child be seen in the office?
Every two weeks until under control and then every four weeks
30
What physical exam finding represents consolidation in the lungs?
Egophony
31
What type of preconditions are characterized by reduced volumes and expiry flow rates, typical of a child that is trouble inhaling air that's affecting the volume?
Restrictive disease
32
List a LABA example.
Fluticasone, budesonide, salmeterol
33
What are some possible laboratory changes with asthma?
Slight WBC elevation with eosinophilia
34
Define egophony.
voiced E becomes A upon auscultation
35
What are the three characteristics of cystic fibrosis?
Recurrent endo bronchial infections, progressive obstructive pulmonary disease, pancreatic insufficiency with intestinal malabsorption
36
How long does asthma need to be under control before reducing medications?
3 months
37
Classify this asthma: greater than 2 days per week with symptoms, nighttime awakenings 3 to 4 per month, rescue inhaler use greater than 2 days per week but not daily, minor interference with normal activity, and an FEV greater than 80%
Mild persistent
38
What is the most common pathogen causing pneumonia in the immunocompromised or malnourished?
Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia or fungi
39
What pathogen causes pertussis?
Bordetella pertussis
40
What is the most common pathogen causing pneumonia in infants and young children?
Rsv, h influenza, strep pneumonia
41
What is a concerning early symptoms of infants with pertussis?
Apnea
42
What is the term for the stools of people with cystic fibrosis and describe their stools?
Large, liquid, bulky, foul stools called steatorrhea
43
What are the two types of pulmonary conditions?
Obstructive disease and restrictive disease
44
What are some ominous signs of asthma attacks?
Absent breath sounds, inability to maintain recumbency, sinuses
45
What is FEV1?
The amount of air you can force from your lungs in one second, it is measured during PFTs
46
What pulmonary condition is characterized by reduced airflow rates, lung volumes with a normal range or larger, difficulty with exhalation resulting in decreased rates and FEV1?
Obstructive disease, in but not out
47
List a SABA example
Albuterol
48
What is the one classification of asthma that typically does not need inhaled corticosteroids?
Intermittent asthma
49
What is the diet for cystic fibrosis?
High protein high fat

CPNP (15 decks)

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