Assessment Across the Lifespan

Question 1

How many standard deviations above or below the normal constitutes of microcephaly or macrocephaly?

Answer 1

2

Question 2

What are the guidelines for adolescent preventive services?

Answer 2

gaps provide physicians with preventive service recommendations and a flow sheet that is useful for implementing and documenting these services during office visits the system enables the busy physician to identify at risk adolescent patients and provide them with information about changing unhealthy behaviors

Question 3

Developmental dysplasia of the hip maneuvers: feeling of a slip as ephemeral head slips away from the acetabulum causing dislocation. Done by adducting the knee cauaing the femur head to dislocate

Answer 3

Barlow’s maneuver

Question 4

What birth trauma does not cross the midline of the skull as it is blood under the periosteum and requires closer examination?

Answer 4

Cephalo hematoma

Question 5

When do children seek simple money making opportunities?

Answer 5

School-aged

Question 6

Low birth weight, very low birth weight, extremely low birth weight parameters in grams?

Answer 6

Less than 2500 g Less than 1500 g Less than 1000 g

Question 7

When does lying start?

Answer 7

School-aged

Question 8

What are some causes of wide fontanels?

Answer 8

Prematurity, IUGR, hydrocephalus, down syndrome, hypothyroidism

Question 9

What is the AAPs recommendation on screen time between the ages of 2 to 5 years?

Answer 9

No more than one hour per day with parent present

Question 10

When do fears of the exam begin to appear?

Answer 10

Toddler aged

Question 11

What are the 2 most common causes of bacterial infection in the second month of life?

Answer 11

S pneumoniae and h influenzae B

Question 12

Eating disorders: what eating disorder is characterized by eating disturbances weight loss, and refusal to maintain body weight at 85% of expected weight for height causing amenorrhea to ensue?

Answer 12

Inoxia

Question 13

What age does the AAP not recommend screen time?

Answer 13

Up until 18 months of age

Question 14

What is the main pharmacologic treatment of ADHD?

Answer 14

CNS stimulants such as methylphenidate and amphetamines

Question 15

What age should utensils be introduced?

Answer 15

15 to 17 months of age

Question 16

List two tools or formats for interviewing the adolescent.

Answer 16

H e a d s s format, c r a f f t screening tool

Question 17

What facial abnormality could point to a vitamin deficiency?

Answer 17

Cheilosis

Question 18

If a port wine stain does not cross the midline of the face and involves the eye what should you be concerned for?

Answer 18

Sturge Weber

Question 19

When does birth height double?

Answer 19

4 years of age

Question 20

How old are toddlers?

Answer 20

1 2 3 years of age

Question 21

what is the most common newborn rash that appears between two to five days after birth characterized by blotchy red spots on the skin with overlying white or yellow papules or pustules?

Answer 21

Erythema toxicum

Question 22

When do toddlers and preschoolers get well child checks?

Answer 22

12, 15, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months and then annually at 3, 4, and 5 years

Question 23

What stage is characterized by the parent child conflict increased conformity to peer groups and more interest in the opposite sex?

Answer 23

Adolescence

Question 24

What are some environmental influences on ADHD?

Answer 24

Lead and other dietary factors such as food dyes and sugar

Question 25

Large and small for gestational age percentiles by weight?

Answer 25

Greater than 90th percentile Less than 10th percentile

Question 26

What are risk factors indicating that a cholesterol test is needed?

Answer 26

Family history of dyslipidemia or premature cardiac disease

Question 27

What eating disorder is characterized by episodic binge and purge episodes?

Answer 27

Bulimia nervosa

Question 28

When does the tonic neck reflex disappear in newborns?

Answer 28

3 months

Question 29

What birth trauma of the scalp crosses the midline as swelling under the skin and results in two to three days?

Answer 29

Caput succedaneum

Question 30

When does visual acuity approach 20/20?

Answer 30

During the school aged.

Question 31

When does hand dominance emerge?

Answer 31

During the school aged period

Question 32

If there is no head lag when pulled to sitting at 6 months what is that a sign of?

Answer 32

Palsy

Question 33

What are the three diagnostic subtypes of ADHD?

Answer 33

Predominantly inattentive type, predominantly hyperactive impulsive type, and combined type Combined type is the most common

Question 34

Is stuttering more common among males or females?

Answer 34

Males

Question 35

What age does stranger danger start?

Answer 35

6 months

Question 36

As an infant is it normal to feel the edge of the liver?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

At what age do we start checking blood pressures?

Answer 37

3 years of age

Question 38

What are soft red, raised lumps on the skin that typically in volute as the child ages?

Answer 38

Hemangioma

Question 39

Causes of symmetrical IUGR SGA?

Answer 39

Genetics, infection, errors of metabolism, environment such as drugs

Question 40

What are the benign, flat, congenital birthmarks that are often blue and last three to five years after birth?

Answer 40

Mongolian spots

Question 41

What is Alli's sign?

Answer 41

Unequal leg length

Question 42

At what age can children complete pure tone audiometry for hearing evaluations?

Answer 42

Over 3 years of age

Question 43

What are pinpoint white papules on the face, cheeks, nose commission, and forehead? When do they disappear?

Answer 43

Milia, three to four weeks of life

Question 44

When do children develop modesty?

Answer 44

School-aged

Question 45

What causes macroglossia?

Answer 45

An enlarged tongue can be caused by hypothyroidism or mucopolysaccharidosis

Question 46

What is the difference between pectus carinatum and pectus excavatum?

Answer 46

Pigeon chest versus a sunken chest (caved in)

Question 47

When should you refer a child that is stuttering? (3 reasons)

Answer 47

Stuttering lasts greater than 6 months, the child is more than 6 years of age, or the child avoids speaking

Question 48

When are children physiologically and psychologically ready for toilet training?

Answer 48

Typically between 1.5 and 2.5 years old

Question 49

What is Russell's sign?

Answer 49

Bruce knuckles from self-induced vomiting

Question 50

What are causes of gynecomastia in males

Answer 50

Marijuana, anabolic steroids, alcohol, antidepressants

Question 51

Who is the most common abuser of children?

Answer 51

Parents

Question 52

What fontanelle is larger and closes by 18 months?

Answer 52

Anterior fontanelle

Question 53

What age does separation anxiety start?

Answer 53

8 months

Question 54

How old are preschoolers?

Answer 54

4 to 5 years of age

Question 55

List the symptoms of inattention or symptoms of hyperactivity/impulsivity.

Answer 55

Inattention: careless mistakes, fails to pay attention to detail, easily distracted, difficulty concentrating long enough to complete task, difficulty following instructions, difficulties organizing task and activities Impulsivity: difficulties awaiting one's turn, frequently blurts out answers, interrupts or intrudes on others Hyperactivity: fidgetness, difficulty remaining seated, difficulty playing quietly, subjected feelings of restlessness in adolescence, difficulties with social relationships, low frustration tolerance

Question 56

What is choanal atresia?

Answer 56

Narrowing or blockage of the nasal airway by tissue that is present at birth

Question 57

List three development warning signs in infancy.

Answer 57

Apparent visual delay Does not raise head when lying on stomach by 3 months Does not try to pick up a toy by 6 months No reactions to noise at voice Does not laugh Does not seek interpersonal contact Does not sit up

Question 58

How much does a toddler or preschooler sleep per night?

Answer 58

10 to 12 hours with daily naps

Question 59

At what age do girls reach peak height velocity prior to menarche?

Answer 59

11 to 12 years

Question 60

What age do nightmares begin?

Answer 60

3 years

Question 61

When are night terrors normal?

Answer 61

2 to 6 years

Question 62

How do you check for visual acuity in an infant?

Answer 62

Blink reflex and pupil constriction

Question 63

What age should they have their first dental visit by?

Answer 63

One year of age

Question 64

What does the AAP recommend for screen time in children ages 6 years and older?

Answer 64

Development of a family media use plan

Question 65

How much sleep does an infant typically require during the night?

Answer 65

8 to 12 hours per night

Question 66

What are typical abnormal facial features of fetal alcohol syndrome

Answer 66

Small eye openings, thin upper lip, smooth philtrum, upturn nose, small head size

Question 67

Causes of LGA?

Answer 67

Maternal diabetes, beckwith wiederman syndrome, large mother

Question 68

What causes microstomia?

Answer 68

Trisomy 13 and 18

Question 69

Developmental display of hip maneuvers: a click is heard or felt as dislocation is reduced. Done by abducting the need to feel the femur pop in.

Answer 69

Ortolani's click

Question 70

Are boys or girls at higher risk of ADHD?

Answer 70

Boys

Question 71

What is Galeazzi's sign?

Answer 71

Unequal knee height, done at 6 months and is a sign of hip dysplasia

Question 72

When does the policing / stepping reflex disappear in newborns?

Answer 72

One to two months

Question 73

When do we check a lead level?

Answer 73

By two years of age

Question 74

At what age should the testes be fully descended?

Answer 74

3 months

Question 75

What age group do we need to consider referring for labial adhesions?

Answer 75

Toddler to preschool

Question 76

What is the most common cause of bacterial infection in the first month of life?

Answer 76

Group b strep and other gram-negative and enteric organisms

Question 77

If the red reflex is white what does that suggest?

Answer 77

Retinoblastoma or congenital cataracts

Question 78

When should you repeat newborn screening?

Answer 78

If completed before 24 hours of life

Question 79

what is the vascular birthmark consisting of superficial and deep dilated capillaries in the skin causing a reddish to purplish discoloration of the skin?

Answer 79

Port wine stains

Question 80

What age can ibuprofen be used?

Answer 80

6 months

Question 81

When do the rooting, sucking, and moro reflex disappear?

Answer 81

3 to 4 months

Question 82

When assessing the newborn, there is a radio femoral pulse delay. What should be considered?

Answer 82

Coarctation of the aorta

Question 83

What is the peak instance of eating disorders

Answer 83

Age 14 and 18 years

Question 84

What are the two most common comorbidities with ADHD?

Answer 84

Learning disabilities and oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder

Question 85

When does the Babinski reflex disappear in newborns?

Answer 85

12 months or when walking

Question 86

What age do pap smears start?

Answer 86

21 years

Question 87

How much sleep does a school aged child need?

Answer 87

8 to 10 hours per night

Question 88

What do all 50 states require to be screened as a newborn?

Answer 88

PKU, galactosemia, hemoglobinopathies, congenital hypothyroidism

Question 89

What is the progression of chest to head circumference comparison?

Answer 89

Chest and head are equal at one age by the end of preschool period chest is 5 cm greater than the head

Question 90

What decibel constitutes hearing loss in infancy?

Answer 90

20 to 30 decibels

Question 91

How much do females grow after initiation of menarche?

Answer 91

1 to 3 in

Question 92

What does APGAR stand for? What minute of life is taken at

Answer 92

Appearance, pulse, grimace, activity, respirations and is taken at one and five minutes

Question 93

To qualify as ADHD symptoms must interfere with functioning in how many settings?

Answer 93

At least two

Question 94

When does the grasp reflex disappear in newborns?

Answer 94

Palmer at 3 to 6 months and plantar at 4 months

Question 95

Does high fever in the first two months of life suggest a bacterial or viral infection?

Answer 95

Bacterial

Question 96

Causes of asymmetric IUGR SGA? Such as small weight but normal head circumference?

Answer 96

Hypertension, preeclampsia, renal disease, heart disease, hemoglobinopathies

Question 97

At what age are well child checks completed in infancy?

Answer 97

2 weeks, 2 months, 4, 6, 9, and 12 months

Question 98

what are the skin spots called that are typically a subtle shade discoloration located on the flank that increase in size with age?

Answer 98

Cafe au Lait spots

Question 99

How long does stuttering typically last?

Answer 99

Several weeks to 6 months

Question 100

At what age do we check a hematocrit?

Answer 100

At one and two years or unless otherwise indicated

Question 101

What fontanelle may not be palpable at birth or closes by 2 to 3 months?

Answer 101

Posterior fontanelle

Question 102

Which is achieved first in potty training, daytime or nighttime control?

Answer 102

Daytime

Question 103

When do symptoms of ADHD usually present?

Answer 103

Before 7 years of age

Question 104

At what age is gynecomastia or galactorrhea normal in infancy?

Answer 104

Up to 3 months of age

Question 105

What causes macrostomy?

Answer 105

Mucopolysaccharidosis and fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 106

What perinatal event puts a child at higher risk for ADHD?

Answer 106

Prematurity

Question 107

What is micrognathia?

Answer 107

Smaller lower jaw commonly seen in pure Robin syndrome, or treacher Collin syndrome

Question 108

What are obstructed sweat ducks, sometimes referred to as prickly heat in newborn s?

Answer 108

Miliaria

Question 109

What are the two symptom domains of the autism spectrum disorder?

Answer 109

Impaired social communication and social interaction or restricted, repetitive behaviors, interests, or activities

Question 110

What is the typical visual acuity of 5-year-olds?

Answer 110

Nearsighted 20/30

Question 111

What are some adolescent developmental warning signs?

Answer 111

A change in school performance, friendships, sleeping, or eating; apparent personality changes, difficulty accepting failure, talk of suicide, withdrawal

Question 112

When do children show an interest in organized sports?

Answer 112

School age children

Question 113

What are the common birth defects of fetal alcohol syndrome?

Answer 113

Defects of the heart come bone, kidney, joints, ears, eyes

Question 114

What does fluoride do?

Answer 114

Helps with remineralization of teeth

Question 115

When is enfacare used?

Answer 115

If the birth weight was greater than 2,000 g and less than 34 weeks gestational age until one year corrected gestational age

Question 116

Portion sizes for children and infants of toddlers?

Answer 116

One tablespoon per year of age in infants and toddlers and then one quarter to one half of an adult serving

Question 117

What are two supplements changes needed for vegans or vegetarians?

Answer 117

Vitamin B12 and 1.8 times the amount of iron

Question 118

What are the growth parameter changes associated with malnourishment?

Answer 118

Weight loss, cessation of linear growth, and then the head circumference levels off