Respiratory DZ

Question 1

is a common clinical sign of upper airway obstruction.

Answer 1

inspiratory dyspnea

Question 2

dz tool to help localize obstruction in the upper airway

Answer 2

nasal endoscopy

Question 3

can cause severe head and neck cellulitis, causing dysphagia and dyspnea.

Answer 3

pharyngeal trauma

Question 4

Mandibular fractures are more frequent in ___ and can be repaired with an ____ when it involves the ___ mandible.

Answer 4

Mandibular fractures are more frequent in calves and can be repaired with an intraoral splint when it involves the rostral mandible.

Question 5

upper airway obstruction is accompanied by this
the characteristic

Answer 5

inspiratory stridor

Question 6

dz tool that can also be used to detect pneumonia in calves.

Answer 6

CT

Question 7

allows evaluation of the larynx and oropharynx.

Answer 7

oral palpation

Question 8

The hand of the examiner is placed in a horizantal orientation to pass between the cheek teeth. It is then placed in a vertical position to palpate the larynx.

Answer 8

vertical
horizantal

Question 9

A scope _ mm in diameter and _ m long is used and allows evaluation of the nasopharynx, lar- ynx, and proximal trachea

Answer 9

9,1

Question 10

all structures are seen dueing nasal endoscopy except

nasal dorsal meatus, the nasal septum, the pharyngeal septum, the opening of the eustachian tube, the epiglottis, the soft palate, hard palate, the arytenoids, and the vocal cords

Answer 10

nasal dorsal dapat ventral
hard palate dapat soft

Question 11

During the endoscopy, the soft palate is frequently dorsally displaced affecting the ani- mal.

Answer 11

f. not affected

Question 12

Black pigmentation is normally found in what breed of cattle

Answer 12

jersey

Question 13

can be useful in finding disorders involving the sinuses, skull bone, and soft tissue surrounding the upper airway

Answer 13

Radiography and tomodensitometry (CT scan)

Question 14

also been used to evaluate the soft tissue of the neck and lar- ynx.

Answer 14

utz

Question 15

In animals with severe inspiratory distress, emergency drugs to decrease swelling and edema should be given on presentation like

If the distress persists, a ___ is performed and a temporary trache- ostomy tube is inserted before the diagnostic work-up.

Answer 15

furosemide

tracheotomy

Question 16

anesthesia for tracheotomy and temp tracheostomy

Answer 16

line block

Question 17

location of Tracheotomy and Temporary Tracheostomy Tube Placement

Answer 17

ventral midline at the junction of the cranial and middle third of the neck

Question 18

tool used to expose tracheal rings

Answer 18

weitlaner retractor

Question 19

In calves, half the width of the rings surrounding the incised ligament can be excised with a ___ scissor, which eases the insertion of the tracheostomy tube.

Answer 19

Mayo curved

Question 20

closing suture pattern and material for tracheotomy

Answer 20

NA and cruciate

Question 21

alternative to silicone tracheostomy tube

Answer 21

self-retaining steel canula
milk jug handle

Question 22

sedation is always necessary in dx procedures

Answer 22

f.

Question 23

• In healthy cattle anesthetized with ___, it is common to hear snoring sounds caused by the soft palate vibrating when the animal breathes out

Answer 23

ketamine

Question 24

Regional anesthesia is possible for the lips and the nares by blocking the ___ nerve (branch of the maxillary nerve) as it comes out of the infraorbital foramen.

Answer 24

infraorbital

Question 25

where is peterson block inoculated

Answer 25

foramen orbit rotundum

Question 26

absence of tracheotomy tube may risk respiratory collapse

Answer 26

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Question 27

nasal bone fractures are common in cattle

Answer 27

uncommon

Question 28

anesthesia for nasal bone fractures

Answer 28

local block or GA

Question 29

what pin is inserted into drill fragment in nasal bone

Answer 29

steinmann pin

Question 30

the __ keeps the fragment in place. in nasal bone fracture

Answer 30

periosteum

Question 31

6. However, if the fracture remains unstable, sutures (__ or ___) can be placed through small drill holes in the fragment and the intact bone

Answer 31

monofilament stainless steel or polydioxanone

Question 32

All fractures involving the sinuses or the nasal cavity are considered open.

Answer 32

t

Question 33

mandibular fractures are uncommon in cattle

Answer 33

common in calves

Question 34

predisposing factor of mandibular fracture in calves

Answer 34

improper use of chains during calving

Question 35

ideal material for mandibular fractures in xalves

Answer 35

Oral splint combined with cerclage wire due to soft bones of calves

Question 36

splint material for mandibular fractyres

Answer 36

polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA).

Question 37

An endothermic reaction occurs when the acrylic is prepared, so it must be allowed to cure out of the mouth to avoid burning the oral mucosa.

Answer 37

exothe

Question 38

wires are used to attach the plate to the mandible.

Answer 38

cerclage

Question 39

5. Through a 14-gauge needle, the wires are passed from ___ to ____.

Answer 39

outside in (labial side) inside out (lingual side)

Question 40

6. Ideally, _wires per side are passed caudal to the fracture.

Answer 40

2

Question 41

caudal wire knot position: ___ rostral wire knot position: __

Answer 41

caudal wire knot position: ventral to SC rostral wire knot position: labial side of mandible

Question 42

3. Gum discoloration is normal post-op

Answer 42

t