Respiratory System 1 Flashcards
(18 cards)
where does air pass through
the nose or mouth and then on to the trachea
what does the trachea split into
two tubes called bronchi with one going to each lung
what do the bronchi split into
smaller tubes called bronchioles
where do the bronchioles end at
at small sacs called alveoli where gases are exchanged
what happens when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract
they move the ribcage upwards and expand the chest cavity which decreases the air pressure in the lungs so air is drawn in
what happens when the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax
they move the ribcage downwards and shrink the chest cavity which increases the air pressure in the lungs so air is forced out
how does oxygen get to the muscles whilst taking carbon dioxide away from them
gases are exchanged between the alveoli and capillaries surrounding them
what is the function of oxygenated blood as it circulates around the body
to deliver and oxygen and collect carbon dioxide
where does deoxygenated blood return to
the heart which is then pumped to the lungs
what happens in the lungs
carbon dioxide moves from the blood in the capillaries into the alveoli so it can be breathed out
where does oxygen that you breathe in move to
from the alveoli to the red blood cells in the capillaries
where does oxygenated blood return to
the heart which is then pumped to the rest of the body
where do red blood cells carry the oxygen to
around the body and deliver it where it’s needed such as the muscles
what are alveoli surrounded by
lots of capillaries which gives a large blood supply to exchange gases with
why do gases only have a short distance to move
they have a large surface area and moist, thin walls
what does gaseous exchange happen through
diffusion where the gases move from a higher concentration to a lower concentration
what concentration do oxygen and carbon dioxide have in capillaries
there is a high carbon dioxide concentration which diffuses into the alveoli and a low oxygen concentration
what concentration do oxygen and carbon dioxide have in alveoli
there is a high oxygen concentration which diffuses into the capillaries and a low carbon dioxide concentration
