Respiratory System

Question 1

What are the functions of the respiratory system?

Answer 1

Gas exchange
Regulate Blood pH
Contains smell receptors
Filters inspired air
Produces sounds
Rids body of water/heat in expired air

Question 2

The cardiovascular system and the respiratory system cooperate to supply ____ and eliminate ____

Answer 2

O2

CO2

Question 3

What are the components of the respiratory system?

Answer 3

Nose
Pharynx (throat)
Larynx (voice box)
Trachea (wind pipe)
Bronchi
Lungs

Question 4

The upper respiratory system is composed of what parts?

Answer 4

Nose
Pharynx
Associated structures

Question 5

The lower respiratory system is composed of what parts?

Answer 5

Larynx
Trachea
Bronchii
Lungs

Question 6

What are the two functional divisions of the respiratory system?

Answer 6

Conduction portion

Respiratory portion

Question 7

What are the functions of the two functional divisions of the respiratory system?

Answer 7

Conducting portion - filter, warm, moisten air and conduct it into lungs. Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

Respiratory portion - tissues w/in lungs where gas exchange occurs. Respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli

Question 8

What is Otorhinolaryngology?

Answer 8

Diagnosis and treatment of ears, nose and throat

Question 9

What is pulmonology?

Answer 9

Diagnosis and treatment of disease of the lungs

Question 10

The external nose is composed of __________ and _________ covered with muscle, skin and lined with a ___________

Answer 10

bony framework
hyaline cartilage
mucous membrane

Question 11

The internal nose lies _______ to the nasal bone and ________ to the mouth

Answer 11

inferior

superior

Question 12

The space within the internal nose is the ____.

Answer 12

nasal cavity

Question 13

The anterior portion just inside the nostrils is called the ________.

Answer 13

vestibule

Question 14

The _________ divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides

Answer 14

nasal septum

Question 15

The _______ divide the nasal septum into groove-like passageways called the superior, middle and inferior meatuses.

Answer 15

conchae

Question 16

The _________ line the superior nasal conchae and adjacent septum.

Answer 16

olfactory receptors

Question 17

Mucous secreted by __________ moistens the air entering the nose and traps dust particles

Answer 17

goblet cells

Question 18

____ move the mucous and trapped particles towards the pharynx to be swallowed or spit out

Answer 18

Cilia

Question 19

The functions of the pharynx are ________

Answer 19

passageway for air and food
resonating chamber for speech sounds
houses the tonsils

Question 20

The anatomical regions of the pharynx are _______

Answer 20

nasopharynx
oropharynx
laryngopharynx

Question 21

The ________ is the superior portion of the pharynx.

Answer 21

nasopharynx

Question 22

Pharyngeal tonsils are located in the ________.

Answer 22

nasopharynx

Question 23

Palatine and lingual tonsils are located in the __________.

Answer 23

Oropharynx

Question 24

The larynx is ________

Answer 24

a short passageway that connects the laryngopharynx with the trachea

Question 25

During swallowing, the _______ closes off the glottis (vocal cords) and prevents food from entering the larynx and airways inferior to it.

Answer 25

epiglottis

Question 26

What is cricoid cartilage?

Answer 26

A ring of cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx

Question 27

The mucous membrane of the larynx forms two pairs of folds- ________ and ________

Answer 27

ventricular folds | vocal folds

Question 28

The _______ is anterior to the esophagus and extends from the larynx to the superior border of the 5th thoracic vertebra where it branches to form bronchi.

Answer 28

Trachea

Question 29

What are the layers of the trachea?

Answer 29

Mucosa Submucosa Hyaline cartilage Adventitia

Question 30

A tracheostomy is _______

Answer 30

an operation to make an opening into the trachea

Question 31

The bronchi are _____

Answer 31

air passageways connecting the trachea to the lungs

Question 32

The ridge where the trachea branches into the right and left bronchi is the _________

Answer 32

carina

Question 33

Bronchi branch into tertiary bronchi and eventually _____

Answer 33

bronchioles

Question 34

The two layers of the pleural membrane of the lung are _______ and ________

Answer 34

Visceral pleura | Parietal pleura

Question 35

The pleural cavity is filled with ________

Answer 35

Serous fluid

Question 36

________ or _________ is an inflammation of the pleural membrane

Answer 36

Pleurisy | Pleuritis

Question 37

The lungs are divided into lobes by _______

Answer 37

fissures

Question 38

The right lung has __ lobes while the left lung has ___ lobes

Answer 38

3 | 2

Question 39

Terminal bronchioles are called __________, which are subdivided into ___________.

Answer 39

respiratory bronchioles | alveolar ducts

Question 40

An _______ is a cup-shaped outpouching lined by simple squamous epithelium

Answer 40

alveolus

Question 41

Type I alveolar cells provide ________ while Type II alveolar cells ________.

Answer 41

structure | secrete surfactant to lower suface tension of alveolar fluid

Question 42

The alveolar walls and capillary walls form the ________

Answer 42

respiratory membrane