Respiratory System

Question 1

Also known as an ENT, is a physician with specialized training in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases and disorders of the head and neck.

Answer 1

Otolaryngologist

Question 2

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the respiratory system.

Answer 2

pulmonologist

Question 3

A licensed medical professional who specializes in treating patients who are having difficulty breathing, both in hospital and outpatient settings.

Answer 3

respiratory therapist (RT)

Question 4

Most often caused by long-term smoking. Bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breath out.

Answer 4

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Question 5

Progressive, long-term loss of lung function

Answer 5

Emphysema

Question 6

Chronic inflammatory disease of the bronchial tubes. Often triggered by an allergic reaction.

Answer 6

Asthma

Question 7

Characterized by episodes of severe breathing difficulty, coughing, and wheezing.

Answer 7

Asthma attack

Question 8

What are two things that are among terms that describe the common cold? Caused by any one of 200 different viruses.

Answer 8

Upper respiratory infections (URI) and acute nasopharygitis

Question 9

Allergic reaction to airborne allergens that cause an increased flow of mucus.

Answer 9

Allergic rhinitis (allergy)

Question 10

Acute respiratory infection in children and infants. Obstruction of larynx, hoarseness, and swelling around the vocal cords resulting in a barking cough and stridor.

Answer 10

Croup

Question 11

Nosebleed. Bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high blood pressure.

Answer 11

Epistaxis

Question 12

whooping cough

Answer 12

Pertussis

Question 13

Common, highly contagious viral infection spread by respiratory droplets. Can cause bronchiolitis in younger children and infant; may require hospitalization.

Answer 13

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Question 14

Runny nose. Watery flow of mucus from the nose.

Answer 14

Rhinorrhea (-rrhea means discharge or abnormal flow)

Question 15

Sore throat. When caused by the bacteria streptococcus, commonly referred to as strep throat.

Answer 15

Pharyngitis

Question 16

Sometimes associated with GERD. Sudden spasmodic closure of the larynx

Answer 16

Laryngospasm

Question 17

Loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds.

Answer 17

Aphonia

Question 18

An impairment in vocal quality; hoarseness, weakness, cracking of a boy’s voice during puberty.

Answer 18

Dysphonia

Question 19

Chest cold. Characterized by a productive cough (brings up mucus or phlegm)

Answer 19

Acute bronchitis

Question 20

Permanent thickening of the walls of the bronchi. Caused by chronic infection and inflammation.

Answer 20

Bronchiectasis (-ectasis means stretching or enlargement)

Question 21

Sharp gest pain. Occurs when inflamed pleural membranes rub against each other with each inhalation.

Answer 21

Pleurodynia

Question 22

Excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space. Produces a feeling of breathlessness because it prevents the lungs from fully expanding.

Answer 22

pleural effusion

Question 23

Plural empyema. Presence of pus in the pleural cavity resulting from bacterial infection.

Answer 23

Pyothorax (pyo- means pus)

Question 24

Collection of pus in any body cavity

Answer 24

Empyema

Question 25

Collection of blood in pleural cavity. Results from chest trauma or caused by disease or surgery.

Answer 25

Hemothorax

Question 26

Accumulation of air in the pleural space. Causes full or partial lung collapse.

Answer 26

Pneumothorax

Question 27

Caused by trauma, pneumonia, smoke or fumes, inhaled vomit or sepsis. Inflammation in the lungs and fluid in he alveoli lead to low levels of oxygen in the blood.

Answer 27

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

Question 28

Collapsed lung. Incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung. Blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax.

Answer 28

Atelectasis (atel means incomplete, and -ectasis means stretching or enlargement)

Question 29

Localized area of inflammation, usually in lungs

Answer 29

Granuloma

Question 30

Accumulation of fluid in lung tissues

Answer 30

Pulmonary edema

Question 31

Sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus that has formed in leg or pelvic region.

Answer 31

Pulmonary embolism

Question 32

Infectious diseases caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Most common in individuals with immune systems weakened by another condition.

Answer 32

Tuberculosis (TB)

Question 33

Named for the causative agent. Named for the affected lung tissue. Inflammation of the lungs; alveoli and air passages fill with pus and other fluids. Most commonly follows a cold, flu, chronic illness, or other condition. Weakens the immune system and its ability to stave off infection.

Answer 33

Pneumonia (PNA)

Question 34

Genetic disorder. lungs and pancreas clogged with abnormally thick mucus. Results in damage to the lungs, poor growth, and nutritional deficiencies. Common symptoms include wheezing and persistent cough.

Answer 34

Cystic fibrosis (CF)

Question 35

Stokes respiration. Irregular pattern of breathing; alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea.

Answer 35

Cheyne

Question 36

Coughing up and spiting out saliva, mucus, or other body fluids.

Answer 36

Expectoration (expector means to cough up, and -ation means state or action)

Question 37

Expectoration of blood or blood-stained sputum result of a pulmonary or bronchial hemmorhage.

Answer 37

Hemoptysis (-ptysis means spitting)

Question 38

CO2 retention. Abnormal buildup of CO2 in the blood.

Answer 38

Hypercapnia

Question 39

Visual examination of the bronchi.

Answer 39

Bronchoscopy

Question 40

Measures air flow out of lungs

Answer 40

Peak flow meter

Question 41

Sleep study. Measures physiological activity during sleep.

Answer 41

Polysomnography

Question 42

What measures volume and flow of air with a spirometer? What is phlegm ejected through the mouth? What is thick mucus secreted by the tissue lining the respiratory passages?

Answer 42

- Pulmonary function tests - Sputum - Phlegm

Question 43

Cough medicine. Prevents or relieves coughing

Answer 43

Antitussive

Question 44

Needle puncture of the chest wall to obtain fluid from the pleural cavity

Answer 44

Thoracentesis

Question 45

Incision in the chest wall to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment.

Answer 45

Thoracotomy

Question 46

What is the abbreviation for Continuous Positive Airway Pressure? What is the abbreviation for Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure? What is the abbreviation for Bag Valve Mask and what is it also known as? What is the abbreviation for hyperbaric oxygen therapy?

Answer 46

- CPAP - BPAP - BVM and Ambu bag - HBOT