Respiratory System

Question 1

Types of blood

Answer 1

leukocytes
erythrocytes
platelets
plasma

Question 2

plasma

Answer 2

the liquid matrix that suspends the different kinds of blood cells (which is connective tissue)

Question 3

plasma contains

Answer 3

electrolytes/inorganic dissolved salts

Question 4

plasma proteins influence

Answer 4

blood pH and osmotic balance w blood and interstitial fluid

Question 5

suspended in blood plasma are two types of blood cells

Answer 5

erythrocytes
leukocytes

Question 6

platelets

Answer 6

fragments of cells involved in clotting

Question 7

erythrocytes

Answer 7

red blood cells
have hemoglobin (fe containing protein that transports o2)
each hemoglobin can bind to 4 o2 molecules

Question 8

erythrocytes lack

Answer 8

nuclei and mitochondria

Question 9

leukocytes

Answer 9

white blood cells
five major types
function in immunity and defense
found in and outside of circulatory system
phagocytize bacteria/debris or launch immune responses to foreign substances

Question 10

lymphatic system

Answer 10

returns fluid (lymph) that leaks out from the capillary beds into interstitial areas

Question 11

lymphatic system

Answer 11

drains into veins in the neck

Question 12

lymph nodes

Answer 12

organs that filter lymph w white blood cells; important in bodily defense

Question 13

blood produced where?

Answer 13

erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets produced from stem cells in red bone marrow (ribs, vertebrae, sternum, pelvis)

Question 14

gas exchange

Answer 14

the uptake of o2 from the environment and discharge of co2 to the environment

Question 15

gas exchange across respiratory surfaces takes place by

Answer 15

diffusion

Question 16

respiratory surfaces can vary

Answer 16

gills, lungs, tracheae, skin

Question 17

gills

Answer 17

water thru gill filaments, picks up blood, goes thru body and back thru gill arch
heart propels non-o2 blood to gills

Question 18

tracheal system

Answer 18

air flows thru tracheae and tracheoles from external opening in body
air sacs store air, which can be helpful for periods of high metabolic exchange

Question 19

cutaneous system

Answer 19

often accompanied with other system
capillary beds near skin surface
amphibians, fish, reptiles

Question 20

lungs

Answer 20

infoldings of body’s surface
circulatory system transports gases between lungs and rest of the body
(most reptiles and all mammals depend entirely on lungs for gas exchange)

Question 21

larynx

Answer 21

exhaled air passes over it to create sound

Question 22

air passageway

Answer 22

pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli

Question 23

alveoli

Answer 23

air sacs at the very tip of bronchioles where gas exchange occurs

Question 24

cilia and mucus line

Answer 24

the epithelia in air ducts
move up into mouth to be swallowed

Question 25

o2 diffuses

Answer 25

across moist epithelium of alveoli into capillaries

Question 26

co2 diffuses

Answer 26

from capillaries across epithelial into air space of alveoli

Question 27

alveoli lack

Answer 27

cilia prone to contamination

Question 28

surfactants

Answer 28

secretions that coat the surface of alveoli