respiratory system

Question 1

why can air not come through a horses mouth (obligate nasal breathers)?

Answer 1

they have an elongated soft palette

Question 2

function of pharynx?

Answer 2

• air comes through nasal cavity
• through pharynx and down trachea

Question 3

what is the larynx made up of?

Answer 3

cartilage

Question 4

how many paired and unpaired cartilage are within the larynx?

Answer 4

• 3 unpaired
• 1 paired

Question 5

name the 3 unpaired pieces of cartilage within the larynx

Answer 5

• cricoid
• thyroid
• epiglottic

Question 6

name the paired cartilage within the larynx

Answer 6

arytenoid

Question 7

what is the trachea held together with?

Answer 7

• tracheal cartilage - made of hyaline cartilage
• trachealis muscle

Question 8

what are the cartilaginous rings within the trachea connected together with?

Answer 8

annular ligament

Question 9

what makes up the internal lining of the trachea?

Answer 9

respiratory mucosa and mucous secreting glands

Question 9

what are bronchioles?

Answer 9

small tubes that are not supported by cartilage

Question 10

what do bronchioles lead to?

Answer 10

alevolar ducts

Question 11

what do alevolar ducts end in?

Answer 11

alveoli

Question 12

what is the lungs held within?

Answer 12

pleura

Question 13

what is pleura?

Answer 13

a serous membrane that surrounds the lungs and lines the chest cavity

Question 14

name the two walls contained within the pleura

Answer 14

• parietal pleura
• visceral pleura

Question 15

what is the purpose of the cardiac notch?

Answer 15

allows heart to make contact with the thoracic wall

Question 16

why are the lungs highly vascularised?

Answer 16

due to lots of gas exchange within the area

Question 17

name the 4 lobes the lungs are split into

Answer 17

• cranial
• middle
• caudal
• accessory

Question 18

what is the movement of air into the lungs called?

Answer 18

inspiration

Question 19

what is the movement of air out of the lungs called?

Answer 19

expiration

Question 20

what % of oxygen in blood is bound to haemoglobin?

Answer 20

98.5%

Question 21

what % of carbon dioxide diffuses into red blood cells?

Answer 21

93%

Question 22

what is the primary function of the respiratory system?

Answer 22

delivery of oxygen and removal of carbon dioxide

Question 23

what are concha?

Answer 23

curved bony structures inside the nasal cavity

Question 24

what are the paranasal sinuses lined with and what is its function?

Answer 24

- lined with respiratory mucosa - provides thermal and mechanical protection

Question 25

name 3 paranasal sinuses

Answer 25

- frontal sinus - maxillary sinus - sphenopalatine sinus

Question 26

what is the function of the nasal cavity?

Answer 26

- clean air through mucous gland secretions - warm air via mucosa - humidifies air by serous nasal secretions