Respiratory System

Question 1

Function of the respiratory system

Answer 1

gas exchange from the external environmental to the internal environment and to remove waste gas from the internal environment

Question 2

Nasal Cavity

Answer 2

air is filtered, warmed and moistened
 mucus covers all internal surfaces

Question 3

Pharynx

Answer 3

-location where air from nasal passage may meet  air inhaled by mouth

Question 4

Larynx

Answer 4

• located below the pharynx and top of trachea
• vibrating cords that are under   muscle control

Question 5

Trachea

Answer 5

-10cm long tube made up of a ‘V’ shaped   cartilage to prevent collapse
 -lined with cilia which sweep materials upwards
 -divides into two bronchi each leading to a lung

Question 6

Bronchi

Answer 6

-branch into smaller tubes (bronchioles)

Question 7

Bronchioles

Answer 7

-walls lined with cilia and cartilage
 -end with ‘grape-like’ clusters of alveoli

Question 8

Alveoli (Alveolus)

Answer 8

-each alveolus covered with capillaries
 -tissues thin enough to let oxygen diffuse into air   space

Question 9

Gas Exchange

Answer 9

Fresh inhaled air has a higher concentration of oxygen, therefore, oxygen molecules diffuse from the airspace in the lungs into the bloodstream

The bright red oxygen rich blood moves through the capillaries into the pulmonary vein and back to the heart

Dark red carbon dioxide rich blood is pumped into the pulmonary arteries.

This ends up in the capillaries surrounding the airspace in the alveoli

Carbon dioxide diffuses from the capillary across the alveolar membrane into the airspace where it is exhaled from the lungs

Question 10

Breathing

Answer 10

Inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide

Question 11

Gas Exchange

Answer 11

The transfer of oxygen molecules into the blood, and carbon dioxide molecules out

Question 12

Cellular Respiration

Answer 12

the chemical process by which all living cells obtain usable energy

 glucose + oxygen –> water + carbon dioxide + energy

Question 13

How is air changed as it is inhaled and exhaled?

Answer 13

moistened, warmed, and filtered

inhaled air will have more oxygen
gas than exhaled air

inhaled air will have less carbon
dioxide gas than in exhaled air

Question 14

Rib Movement

Answer 14

Inhalation: Up and out
Exhalation: In and down

Question 15

Diapharm movement

Answer 15

Inhalation: Flattens down
Exhalation: Curves out

Question 16

Volume of chest cavity

Answer 16

Inhaltion: Decreases
Exhalation: Increases

Question 17

Inhalation

Answer 17

Air moves into the body from the outside

Question 18

Exhalation

Answer 18

Air moves out of the body