rest of cardio

Question 1

most sVts are

Answer 1

atrioventricular nodal re- entry tachycardia

Question 2

acute mx of set

Answer 2

vagal moenuvre - blow into empty string then carotid massage then iv adenosine

Question 3

adenosine is contraindicated in asthmatics what is given instead

Answer 3

verapamil

Question 4

what prevents epsideos of SVT

Answer 4

beta bluchers and radio frequency ablation

Question 5

3 types of syncope

Answer 5

reflecting, orthostatic and cardiac

Question 6

takaysu in question

Answer 6

absent limb pulse

Question 7

ix of takaysu

Answer 7

magnetic resonance angiography or CT angio

Question 8

mx of takyaysu

Answer 8

steroids

Question 9

other symptoms in takaysu

Answer 9

malaiaise, headache, unequal blood pressure in upper arms, carotid bruit

Question 10

takaysu affects

Answer 10

aorta

Question 11

mx of takotsubo

Answer 11

supportive

Question 12

apical ballooning og mycoardium

Answer 12

takotsubo

Question 13

thiazides effects

Answer 13

dehydration , hypokal and hyponatr. HYPErcalcaemia and hypocalciuria which may reduce renal stones, gout, impaired glucose tolerance, impotence

Question 14

rare effect of thiazides

Answer 14

pacnreatisi

Question 15

indapamide and chlortalidone are

Answer 15

thiazide diuretics

Question 16

thrombolytic drugs activate

Answer 16

plasminogen to form plasmin - this degrades fibrin

Question 17

examples of thrombolysis

Answer 17

…plase

Question 18

hypetesniona dn allergic reaction more common with what thrombolytic drugs

Answer 18

streptokinase

Question 19

torsades de pointes associated with

Answer 19

long QT

Question 20

torsade de pointes may deteriorate into

Answer 20

VF then death

Question 21

causes of long QT - hypothermia, SAH< erythromycin, hypokalameia

Question 22

Signs
pan-systolic murmur
prominent/giant V waves in JVP
pulsatile hepatomegaly
left parasternal heave

Answer 22

tricuspid regurg

Question 23

tricuspid regurg often secondary to pulmonary hypertension eg

Answer 23

COPD

Question 24

most common cause of congenital heart disease

Answer 24

VSD - associated with downs

Question 25

vid has what murmur

Answer 25

pan systolic

Question 26

due to prolonged pulmonary hypertension from the left-to-right shunt

Answer 26

eisenmengers complex

Question 27

pregnancy is contraindicated in women with pulmonary hypertension as it carries a 30-50% risk of mortality

Question 28

monomorphic VT most common caused by

Answer 28

MI

Question 29

medical mx of VT

Answer 29

amiodarone ( ideally through central line) lidocaine, procainamide

Question 30

what should not be used in VT

Answer 30

verapamil

Question 31

if drug therapy fails for VT

Answer 31

then ICD

Question 32

VT if hypotensive

Answer 32

electrical cardio version?

Question 33

inhibits epoxide reductase preventing the reduction of vitamin K to its active hydroquinone form

Answer 33

warfarin- carboxylation - 2,7,9,10

Question 34

INR DIFFERS FOR VALVES WITH MITRAL/AORTIC HAVE HIGHER INR

Answer 34

MITRAL

Question 35

INR is ratio of

Answer 35

prothrombin time

Question 36

liver disease P450 enzyme inhibitors, e.g.: amiodarone, ciprofloxacin cranberry juice drugs which displace warfarin from plasma albumin, e.g. NSAIDs inhibit platelet function: NSAIDs

Answer 36

potentiate warfarin

Question 37

warfarin is teratogenic although can be used in

Answer 37

breastfeeding

Question 38

warfarin may be given initially with heparin to reduce

Answer 38

skin necrosis

Question 39

purple toes

Answer 39

warfarin