oncology

Question 1

most common in order tumour to metastases to bone

Answer 1

prostate,, breast lung (pbl)

Question 2

most common site for cancer to metastases to bone

Answer 2

spine

Question 3

bone metasistais may have what chemical abnormality

Answer 3

hypercalcaemia, raised ALP

Question 4

aflatoxin (produces by aspergillus)

Answer 4

hepatocellular carcinoma

Question 5

nitrosamines

Answer 5

oesophageal and gastric cancer

Question 6

vinyl chloride

Answer 6

hepatic angiosarcoma

Question 7

subtypes of HPV that are particularly carcinogenic

Answer 7

16,18,33

Question 8

koilocytes (cervical cancer) may have what characteristics

Answer 8

enlarged nucleus
nucleus stains darker
halo

Question 9

rd for nausea and vomiting from chemo

Answer 9

anxiety
less than 50
concurrent use of opioids

Question 10

low risk N+V post chemo give

Answer 10

metoclopramide
ondansetron if high risk

Question 11

cyclophosphamide is an

Answer 11

alkalyating agent

Question 12

adverse effect of cyclophosphamide despite myelosuppresion

Answer 12

haemorrhage cystitis - this can be reduced by hydration and giving MESNA

Question 13

bleomycin can cause

Answer 13

lung fibrosis

Question 14

doxorubicin can cause

Answer 14

cardiomyopathy

Question 15

what can cause myelosuppression, liver fibrosis and lung fibrosis

Answer 15

methotrexate

Question 16

cisplatin can cause

Answer 16

nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, peripheral neuropathy

Question 17

Li fraumeni syndrome high incidence of

Answer 17

sarcomas and leukemias

Question 18

BRCA2 mutation assocaited with what cancer in men

Answer 18

prostate

Question 19

Lynch syndrome get what cancer at young age

Answer 19

colonic or endometrial

Question 20

Amsterdam criteria refers to

Answer 20

3 or more family members with a confirmed diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Question 21

gardner syndrome

Answer 21

colorectal polyposis
(skull osteoma, thyrodi cancer)

Question 22

what screen should be done if got lytic bone lesions

Answer 22

myeloma

Question 23

what should be done in women if got peritoneal malignancy or ascites

Answer 23

CA 125

Question 24

what lung cancer is strongly associated with finger clubbing

Answer 24

squamous

Question 25

what lesions are more common in squamous lung cancer

Answer 25

cavitating

Question 26

despite adenocarcinoma being the most common lung cancer in non smokers the majority of people who develop adenocarcinoma are

Answer 26

smokers

Question 27

large cell lung cancer may secrete

Answer 27

B-hcg

Question 28

what is the earliest and most common symptom of neoplastic spinal cord compression

Answer 28

back pain

Question 29

lesions above -- result in upper motor neurone sign sin legs and lesions below---- result in lower motor neurone signs in legs

Answer 29

L1

Question 30

what scan evaluates primary and possible metastatic disease

Answer 30

PET

Question 31

spinal metastases can be worse with

Answer 31

sneezing, coughing, associated with tenders

Question 32

SVC obstruction most common with what cancer

Answer 32

lung especially small cell

Question 33

most common symptoms in SVC obstruction

Answer 33

dyspnoea

Question 34

pulseless jugular venous distension & swelling go face, neck and arms

Answer 34

SVC obstruction

Question 35

what is often the treatment of choice for SVC obstruction

Answer 35

end-vascular stenting

Question 36

tumour markers have a low

Answer 36

specificity

Question 37

ca15-3

Answer 37

breast cancer

Question 38

CEA

Answer 38

colorectal cancer