1
Q
- Which school of thought & which significant psychologist used introspection to reveal the structure of the mind?
A
Structuralism, Wilhelm Wundt.
2
Q
- Who is considered the father of American psychology?
A
Wilhelm Wundt.
3
Q
- Which branch of psychology & which significant psychologist studies how unconscious drives and conflicts influence behavior?
A
Psychoanalysis, Sigmund Freud.
4
Q
- Which branch of psychology & which significant psychologist(s) rejected introspection and studied how rewards and consequences influence behavior through operant conditioning?
A
Behaviorism, J.B. Watson and B.F. Skinner.
5
Q
- Which approach is the scientific study of all the mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating?
A
?
6
Q
- What is a carefully worded statement of the exact procedures used in a research study?
A
Operational Definition
7
Q
- What is the middle score of a distribution?
A
The median
8
Q
- What is the tendency to believe, after learning an outcome, that one would have foreseen it?
A
“I-Knew-It-All-Along Phenomenon/ Hindsight bias.
9
Q
- What do you call it when the participant in an experiment does not know if they are in the control or experimental group?
A
Single-blind procedure
10
Q
- What is the most frequently occurring score(s) in the distribution called?
A
The mode
11
Q
- What is the arithmetic average of a distribution?
A
Arithmetic mean
12
Q
- What kind of correlation is when two sets of scores either rise or fall together in the same direction?
A
Positive correlation
13
Q
- What do we call a relationship between two variables?
A
A correlation
14
Q
- What do we call a testable prediction, often implied by a theory?
A
A hypothesis
15
Q
- Which research method is when one individual or group is studied in depth in the hope of revealing universal principles?
A
A case study
16
Q
- What is a statistical statement of how likely it is that an obtained result NOT occurred by chance?
A
Statistical significance
17
Q
- What kind of correlation is when two sets of scores go in the opposite directions?
A
A negative correlation
18
Q
- Which ethical principle is when participants are told enough to enable them to choose whether they wish to participate?
A
Informed consent
19
Q
- What is the experimental factor that is manipulated called?
A
Independent variable
20
Q
- Which research method observes and records behavior in naturally occurring situations without trying to manipulate and control the situation?
A
Naturalistic observation
21
Q
- What do you call it when both the researcher and participants are ignorant about whether the participants have received the treatment or a placebo?
A
Double-blind procedure
22
Q
- What is the outcome factor called?
A
?
23
Q
- Given the data sets below, which has the smaller standard deviation?
A. 10, 12, 14, 18, 8, 19, 13
B. 24,26, 28, 22, 24, 19, 21
A
B.
24
Q
- Use the following set of numbers: 3, 6, 8, 8, 10, 1. The mean for this data set is 6. No calculator.
a. What is the median?
b. What is the mode?
c. What is the range?
A
A. 7
B. 8
C. 9
25
32. What is the “Gestalt” phrase?
"The whole is greater than some of its parts."
26
33. Which approach focuses on how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures?
Social-Cultural perspective
27
34. Which approach focuses on how we strive for personal growth?
Humanistic perspective
28
35. Which approach focuses on how the body and brain enable emotions, memories, and sensory experiences?
Biological/Neuroscience perspective
Psychology Review
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