Review Multiple Choice Portion - Final Exam Flashcards
1
Q
Which statement would not be used to describe epithelial tissue
A
has two main cell types, keratinocytes and melanocytes
2
Q
Which tissue functions to generate heat
A
muscle
3
Q
Medullary cavities contain
A
marrow
4
Q
the shoulder is ____ to the elbow
A
proximal
5
Q
which of the following is medial and caudal to the lumbar region
A
none of these
6
Q
from diaphysis to epiphysis, the cartilage zones of the epiphyseal plate are
A
calcified, hypertrophic, proliferation, resting
7
Q
what is the importance of the perichondrium
A
it functions in growth and repair of cartilage
8
Q
the hypodermis consists mostly of
A
areolar and adipose connective tissues
9
Q
the supporting cells in connective tissue are called
A
fibroblasts
10
Q
which of the following names two organelles that are not membrane bound
A
microtubules and ribosomes
11
Q
what is true of all epidermal cell layers superficial to the stratum granulosum
A
they are highly keratinized dead cells
12
Q
if you found this in a person you’d know that they were under the age of 21
A
epiphyseal plate
13
Q
which of the following correctly sequences these 5 events of endochondrial ossification
A
2,4,1,5,3
- chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage model enlarge, calcify, and die
- capillaries from the penetrating nutrient artery grow into disintegrating lacunae
- osteoblasts move in and deposit bone in the diaphysis
- spongy bone in the diaphysis is resorbed, creating a marrow cavity
- epiphyseal arteries penetrate the epiphysis, and ossification begins there
14
Q
which of the following features is only found in spongy bone
A
lacunae and trabeculae
15
Q
which of the following statements about the functions of the integumentary system is not true
A
it absorbs water and salts
16
Q
the human body has about ____ cell types, the majority of which are ____ cells
A
200; erythrocytes
17
Q
which of the following tissues is involuntary and striated
A
cardiac muscle
18
Q
chondroblasts are involved in ___ ossification and, in a teenager, in _____ growth
A
endochondrial; interstitial
19
Q
____ refers to the increase in cell size. Whereas, ____ refers to an increase in cell number
A
hypertrophy; hyperplasia
20
Q
the plasma membrane is described by the fluid-mosaic model. The fluidity is due to _____, while the mosaic nature is due to ____
A
phospholipids; proteins
21
Q
which of the following is a developmental predecessor to all others
A
mesenchymal cells
22
Q
the LUQ contains all of part of
A
spleen, stomach, transverse colon
23
Q
which is located most caudally
A
pelvic cavity
24
Q
the extracellular fluid found in the microscopic spaces between closely-packed epithelial cells is called
A
interstitial fluid
25
body structures known as ____ are composed of two or more different cells functioning together for a specific process
tissues
26
during bone development, the ___ grows into the perichondrium and cartilage model, as it grows it carries osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which become the primary ossification center
periosteal bud
27
the lamina propria is the
connective tissue layer of the mucous membrane
28
blood is externally supplied to the perforating (Volkmann's) canals from the ___ arteries
nutrient
29
which of the following can be said to have a body wide distribution
eccrine
30
which of the following is not true about thick skin compared to thin skin
thick skin has a thicker dermis
31
membrane bound proteins are assembled in and by the
ribosome
32
in ossification, the cell primarily responsible for producing a cartilage mold is the
chondrocyte
33
___ lamella extend around the Haversian canal and act as shock absorbers that also inhibit crack propagation
concentric lamella
34
you are examining a slide in lab and see the image to the right. you immediately know that you are viewing
all of the above
nervous tissue, skeletal tissue, NMJ
35
numerous short, motile projections attached to the plasma membrane via basal protein attachment are called
cilia
36
which use of the word "fiber" refers to a variety of intracellular protein threads
microtubules and microfilaments
37
mesenchyme gives rise to which of the following
all of the above
38
visceral pleura covers the
lungs
39
the matrix of connective tissue is composed of
cells, fibers, and ground substance
40
epithelia that consist of more than one layer of cells, which are flat in appearance, are termed
stratified squamosal
41
the major protein of the thick myofilaments is
myosin
42
the tunica ___ of a BV contains more elastic tissue than other layers and is thickest in ____
media; arteries
43
a muscle that holds a bone still during a particular action is called a
fixator
44
abduction at the knee joint is prevented primarily by the
medial collateral ligament
45
the azygous system
receives blood from the intercostal veins
46
which of the following movements are unique to the foot
dorsiflexion and inversion
47
repair of a ventricular septal defect requires open-heart surgery. which of the following correctly sequences the structures the surgeon must penetrate to reach the right ventricle?
fibrous pericardium, parietal serous pericardium, epicardium, myocardium, endocardium
48
which of the following is not a component of the appendicular skeleton
ribs
49
anterior displacement of the tibia is prevented primarily by the
anterior cruciate ligament
50
superficial groups of the lymph nodes are located
on top of thoracic and abdominal organs, in the subcutaneous layer
51
the secondary vertebral curves are the
lumbar and cervical
52
the angle through which a joint moves is its
axis of motion
53
the only lymphatic organ with both afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels is
a lymph node
54
which of the following contains smooth muscle
precapillary sphincter
55
metastatic cancer often is found in lymph nodes due to
the greater permeability of lymph capillaries
56
during muscle contraction the ___ shortens
none of these
57
which of the following vertebral processes function primarily as levers
spinous and transverse processes
58
which of the following correctly sequences the flow of lymph from the left thumb to its return to blood
afferent lymphatic, lymph trunk, thoracic duct
59
myofibrils are most closely surrounded by
sarcoplasmic reticulum
60
closure of the mitral valve prevents flow of blood from
the left ventricle to the left atrium
61
which of these vertebral regions are correctly matched with the number of vertebrae they usually contain
lumbar;5
62
in the coronary circulation, the R and L coronary arteries arise from the ___ and the cardiac veins ultimately empty into the ____
ascending aorta; right atrium
63
which of the following features help reduce the amount of shock transmitted to the brain during running and jumping
nucleus pulposus, articular discs, synovial fluid
64
the muscle illustrated at the right is
multipennate
65
the heart is described as a double pump because
the atria beat first followed by the ventricles
66
the spleen
all of the above
storage for platelets
removes old erythrocytes/platelets
protects against blood-borne pathogens
67
mental symphysis is gone as an adult. that means that a ___ joint has become a ____ joint
fibrous; synostosis
68
which of the following is an important function of the lymphatic system
returning fluid and proteins to the cardiovascular system
69
capillaries with the greatest permeability are the ___ and they are common in the ___
discontinuous; liver
70
the part of the respiratory mucosa that warms inspired air is the ____
vessels in the lamina propria
71
nicotine and other chemicals in cigarette smoke adversely affect the respiratory system by
all of the previous
paralyze cilia, increase mucus, constrict bronchioles
72
the mucosal epithelium of the stomach and intestines is composed of ___ epithelium
simple columnar
73
which of the following structures occur exclusively in the renal medulla
vasa recta
74
urine passes downward through the ureters by which mechanisms
peristalsis and gravity
75
which of the following is not a peritoneal fold
pericardium
76
just above the diaphragm, the esophagus narrows slightly and its muscularis is thickened. this location functions like a sphincter, so it is called the
lower esophageal sphincter
77
which is the correct order from superficial to deep of the following 5 structures
4,1,3,2,5
4. wall of thoracic cavity
1. parietal pleura
3. pleural cavity
2. visceral pleura
5. lung
78
For a cesarean section, which of the following correctly lists the sequences of tissues a doctor would cut through
parietal peritoneum, perimetrium, endometrium, myometrium
79
blood flow in a nephron can follow which of these paths
afferent arteriole, glomerulus, efferent arteriole, peritubular capillaries
80
ovarian follicles are located in the
ovarian medulla
81
the ___ muscles contribute to forced expiration by ___ the volume of the thorax
internal intercostal; decreasing
82
which of the following organs have an adventitia
bladder and esophagus
83
which of the following is not a male accessory sex gland
seminiferous tubule
84
which of the following is not lined with ciliated epithelia
epididymis
85
which permanent tooth does not replace a deciduous tooth
3rd molar
86
which of the following contain cartilage
external nose and primary bronchus
87
the renal corpuscle includes the
glomerulus and glomerular capsule
88
which of the following does not have stratified squamous epithelium
nasal meatuses
89
which of the following have smooth muscle
terminal bronchiole and internal urethral sphincter
90
a fold of mucosa called the ____ attaches the tongue to the floor of the oral cavity
lingual frenulum
91
which of the following have 3 layers of smooth muscle in their wall
esophagus, bladder, uterus
92
which of the following are usually retroperitoneal
pancreas and kidney
93
which of the following correctly sequences the path of bile
IV, V, III, II, I
```
IV. bile canaliculi
V. left hepatic duct
III. common hepatic duct
II. bile duct
I. hepato-pancreatic sphincter
```
94
which of the following correctly lists the sphincters of the GI tract from mouth to anus
3,5,1,4,2
3. inferior pharyngeal constrictor
5. lower esophageal sphincter
1. pyloric sphincter
4. ileocecal sphincter
2. internal anal sphincter
95
which correctly sequences movement of CO2 from blood to alveolus
4,2,6,3,1,5
4. capillary endothelia
2. capillary basement membrane
6. interstitial space
3. alveolar basement membrane
1. pulmonary squamous epithelial cell
5. surfactant
96
which of the following correctly lists the tissues of a tooth (sup to deep)
enamel, dentin, pulp
97
tissues to remove a kidney anteriorly
parietal peritoneum, renal fascia, perirenal fat capsule
98
the tensor tympani inserts on the
malleus
99
the auditory canal is a passageway through the ___ bone
temporal
100
which body systems maintain homeostasis/internal coordination
endocrine and nervous
101
dendrites
carry info to the neurosoma
102
in the figure to the right "X" is an
efferent neuron
103
the figure to the right is an
astrocyte
104
which of these cells is bipolar
(e)
105
___ surround neuron cell bodies in a ganglion
satellite cells
106
in the CNS ___ are phagocytic cells and ___ form the blood-brain carrier
microglia; astrocytes
107
which of the following structures is not part of the central nervous system
a nerve
108
the ___ separates the R and L cerebral hemispheres
longitudinal fissure
109
which of the following features are found in the diencephalon
pineal gland and infundibulum
110
correct order of a surgeon's tissue path to reach the spinal cord
3,2,1,5,4
3. epidural space
2. dura mater
1. arachnoid mater
5. subarachnoid space
4. pia mater
111
the superior colliculi
is responsible for visual reflexes like tracking
112
interneurons are found in the
dorsal horn of gray matter
113
the cerebellum
processes tactile input
114
the figure to the right is of a
free nerve ending
115
where would you find a general sense receptor
all of these
basal layer of epidermis, surrounding hair follicles, joint capsules, fingertips
116
the function(s) of cranial nerve VIII is/are
balance and hearing
117
anterior and posterior roots unite to form a spinal nerve
true
118
the dorsal ramus
branches off the spinal nerve
| innervates the muscles to the back of the trunk
119
the spinal nerves contain
motor and sensory nerves
120
there are ___ pairs of spinal nerves; ___ of these are thoracic spinal nerves
31; 12
121
which of the following is true concerning the structure in the figure to the right
it's made of epithelial cells
| it's part of the sense of gustation
122
cranial nerve VI innervates the ___ extraocular muscle of the eye
lateral rectus
123
cranial nerve VI innervates the ___ extraocular muscle of the eye
lateral rectus
124
the ora serrata
is the jagged anterior margin of the retina
125
the axons of the ___ layer of retina form cranial nerve II
ganglion cell
126
which of the following is not unique about olfactory neurons
they are directly exposed to the environment
127
in the figure to the right, the arrow is pointing to the ___ and the structure contains ___
semicircular duct; perilymph
128
which of the following structures are part of the vascular layer of the eye
iris and ciliary processes
