Health and Human develpment > Revision EXAM > Flashcards

Revision EXAM Flashcards

(83 cards)

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1
Q

What is smoking?

A

Smoking in inhaling and exhaling smoke

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2
Q

How is smoking done

A

plant material is rolled into a wrapper (cigarette) and burnt

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3
Q

How many chemicals are in a cigarette?

A

over 7000

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4
Q

How do these chemicals cause cancer

A

They are carcinogens meaning theyre cancerous

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5
Q

What are the main chemicals in a cigarette

A

Tobacco, nicotine, tar, carbon monoxide

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6
Q

Why do people do it

A

Family issues, peer pressure, want dopamine

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7
Q

What is dopamine

A

Chemical in the brain and a feel good neurotransmitter

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8
Q

Why is smoking bad

A

Addictive

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8
Q

Side effects

A

Cardiovascular disease, blod clots, blood vessels loose elasticity

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9
Q

What does smoking do

A

Pops air sacks (aveoli), causes inflamed lungs, plaque build up

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10
Q

What is passive smoking/second hand smoking

A

Inhalation of smoke from other people’s cigarettes

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11
Q

Why is passive smoking worse than regular smoking

A

Higher concentrations of harmful chemicals in sidestream smoke and the fact that non-smokers are inhaling unfiltered smoke

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12
Q

What is ethanol and what does it do

A

found in alcohol and causes intoxication

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13
Q

What does alcohol do

A

impairs decision making, can lead to injuries, and premature deaths

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14
Q

What is alcohol

A

Alcohol is a depressant and it slows messages to the brain and body

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15
Q

Whats a lifetime risk of alcohol

A

2 standard drinks daily

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16
Q

Whats a single occasion risk of alcohol

A

4+ standard drinks

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16
Q

Results from being drunk

A

unprotected sex, drink driving, passed out

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17
Q

are all reactions the same when people drink

A

no people having different reactions to alcohol

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17
Q

What are the health risks associated to alcohol

A

liver damage, brain damage, weight gain, cancer, pregnancy risks, mental health

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18
Q

How does alcohol causes obesity

A

drinks have high calories, resulting in extra fat and energy and if the energy isnt burned off the energy is stored as fat.

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19
Q

How does alcohol cause cancer and what cancers does it cause

A

alcohol is carcinogenic and the most common cancers related to alcohol are breat cancer and bowel cancer

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20
Q

how does alcohol have an effect on pregnancies

A

alcohol is absorbed through body resulting in baby absorbing it causing side effects such as nutrient deficiencies, birth stunt or death of the baby

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21
Q

How does alcohol effect the liver

A

Alcohol is filtered through the liver causing cells to die

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22
Alcohol can cause depression and anxiety how?
Withdrawls, brain chemistry
22
What is the who definition
A complete state of physical, social and mental wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease infirmity
23
What does WHO stand for
world health organisation
24
What does WHO do
reduce medical bills, support pregnancies, ensure sanity water, vaccinations, materialsd after natural disasters,
24
What is physical HWB and examples
Functioning of body and its system ad examples diet, coordiantion, energy levels, immune system, free from illness
24
What are the dimensions of health
physical, emotional, spiritual, social, mental
25
What is emotional HWB and examples
ability to manage and express emotions in everyday life and examples are being resilient, expressing feelings
26
What is mental HWB and examples
Realted to ability to think and process info, form positive opinions and make decisions and examples include manage stress, acception, learning from experience
27
What is social HWB and examples
form and maintain meaningful relationships and able to adapt in social situations and examples accept responsibility, communicate with range of people, behave appropriately
28
What is spiritual HWB and examples
realtes to ideas, beliefs, customs and examples are purpose in life, sense of belonging and morals
28
What impact can dimensions have on eachother
Negative or positive
29
is health and wellbing dynamic
yes because its always changing
29
What are interrelationships
When all of the dimensions influence eachother
30
What are the different health status indicators
mortality, morbidity, life expectancy, YLL, YLLD, Incidence, prevalence,Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), burden of disease, infant mortality, materal mortality, under 5 mortality rates
31
What is incidence
New cases of a disease in a given time per population. track location and intensity
32
what is prevalence
Total number of existing cases at a given time. likelihood of contracting disease
33
what is mortality
Measure the frequency of death in a population.
34
What is morbidity
Morbidity refers to the presence of illness, disease, or injury in an individual or a population.
35
What is a DALY
Years lost due to ill-health, disability, or early death.
36
What is YLL
Years lost due to premature mortality.
37
What is YLD
Years lived in less-than-full health due to disease or injury, weighted by severity.
38
What is infant mortality
Infant mortality refers to the death of a child before their first birthday.
38
What is maternal mortality
Maternal mortality refers to the death of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth, or within 42 days of the end of a pregnancy (not accidental)
39
What is under 5 mortality rates
The Under-Five Mortality Rate is the number of deaths of children under the age of 5
40
What is life expectancy
Average number of years a person is expected to live.
41
Has life expectancy increased over the years and why
Yes, because of access to better things
42
What are the prerequisites
Food, income, shelter, education, peace, stable ecosystem, sustainable resources, social justice, equity
43
What does peace look like
No wars, equal rights, live in harmony
44
Why is shelter important
somewhere to sleep, prtection from elements, security,
45
Why is education important
allows knowledge, earn money, build connections
45
Why is food important
provide nutrience, maintain healthy body, comfort
46
Whats a stable ecosystem
A stable ecosystem is a natural place where everything works together and stays healthy over time.
47
What is equity
Equity means fairness and justice in the way people are treated. It’s about giving everyone what they need to succeed, which might be different for each person
47
What is social justice
Social justice means fairness and equality in society. It’s about making sure everyone has the same rights, opportunities, and access to things
47
Whats is sustainable resources
Sustainable resources are natural materials that dont run out or cause long-term damage to the environment.
47
What is the term to remember the prerequisites
PEople SHould Eat FOOD Including Some SUSTAINABLE Salad
48
What is a trend
Something that people follow, occurs over time and is like a pattern
48
What is subjective
One persons perspective
48
Keywords when comparing data
Whereas, therefore, additionally, higher, lower, similarly
49
What are th social determinants of Indigenous health
Colonisation of the population, poor access to healthcare, education
50
What are the dimensions for Indigenous people
Physical, mental, social, spiritual
51
What does SES mean
socioeconomic status
51
What is SES
Soical class, education level, employment status, job, income
52
Why is the cycle of poverty hard to break
poor health, limited education, low income, and social barriers all feed into each other
53
Movies we watched
Growing up poor, the boy who harnessed the wind
54
Why is income the most important prerequisite
food, shelter, education, essentials, social events
54
What is stunting
Height and growth has been stopped, brain development is impaired and lesss devloped organs. due to not enough nutrition
55
What is wasting
Being too thin for your height
55
What is overweight
Too large
55
What does homelessness mean
not having a stable, safe and permannent place to live
56
What is shelter
An enclosed place to sleep in
57
Factors of homelessness
domestic violence, fired, addiction, evicted, overpopulation
58
What is GPI
Global Peace index
58
What is GPI
The Global Peace Index is a report and ranking that measures the level of peace in countries around the world
58
Effects of high intake of sugar
Weight gain, diabetes,acne,blood sugar crashes, tiredness, heart disease
58
Effects of high intake of salt
High blood pressure, stroke, stomach cancer, bloating, thristy, headaches, weakended bones,
58
Effect of low intake of fruit and vegetables
mineral and vitamin deficiencies, low energy, constipation, weaker immune system, chronic disease
59
Organisation name
RASPP (regional aborigianl swimming pools program
59
Aim of RASPP program
get people involed, learn how to swim, better eduction with "no school no pool" policy,
Health and Human develpment
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