Revolts: 1519-1521

Question 1

Revolt of Communeros:

People of Spain

Answer 1

Causes:

• Resentful of foreigners in offices.
• Fear of losing independence & swallowed up into HRE.
• Charles kept asking for money.

DEMANDS OF COUNCIL OF TORDESILLAS 1520:

• Charles to live in Castile
• Only appoint Spanish to offices and follow customs of I&F.

Events:

• Started in Toledo, commanded by Juan De Podilla.
• Segovia, Salamanca & Valladolid joined.
• Attempts to support Joanna being Queen, She met with some rebels but wouldn’t commit to rebellion on paper.
• Rebellion became more violent, attacks on property.
• Nobles now help put rebellion down.
• Royal Army formed & defeated rebels at Battle of Villalar 1521.
• Charles returned with mercenaries, punishes leaders.
• Gives general pardon, Croÿ replaced with Mercurino Gattinara - respected counsellor of Joanna.

Question 2

Revolt of Germania:

Christian Brotherhood that defends Valencia from Muslim Pirates.

Answer 2

Causes:

• Started in Valencia 1519
• Resentment against nobles privileges, Germania lived in near starvation & poor conditions.

Events:

• Movement directed against Muslim peasants in Valencia.
• Rich and powerful had moved away because of the plague, lack of opposition.
• Support lost when new leader, Vicent Peris, promoted violence and radicalism.
• Crown gained support, Valencia recaptured
• Germania defeated in 1521
• Peris executed, in 1524 remaining areas in revolt surrendered.