Rickettsia, chlamydia, and mycoplasma pneumoniae Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Rickettsia, chlamydia, and mycoplasma pneumoniae Deck (32)
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1
Q

What is the treatment for all Rickettsial diseases and vector-borne illnesses?

A

Doxycycline

2
Q

Causative agent for Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever?
Vector for agent?
Geographical location for RMSF?

A

Rickettsia rickettsii
Tick
Occurs mostly in Southern Atlantic states, especially North Carolina

3
Q

RMSF rash progression

A

starts at wrist and ankles and then spreads to trunk, palms, and soles

4
Q

Rickettsiae are what kind of organisms?

Require which cofactors (2)? Why?

A

Rickettsiae are obligate intracellular organisms
Require CoA and NAD+
Cannot synthesize their own ATP

5
Q

Classic triad associated with RMSF?

A

Headache
Fever
Rash (caused by vasculitis)

6
Q

“Palms and soles rash” are usually seen in which in which disease states?
“you drive CARS with your PALMS and SOLES”

A

Coxsackievirus A
RMSF
Secondary Syphilis

7
Q

Causative agent of endemic typhus? Vector?

Causative agent of epidemic typhus? Vector?

A

R. typhi causes ENDEMIC typhus. Fleas.

R. prowazekii causes EPIDEMIC typhus. Human body louse

8
Q

Where does the rash occur for Rickettsi and Typhus?

A

“Rickettsii on the wRists…Typhus on the Trunk”

9
Q

Causative agent for Ehrlichiosis?
Vector?
What to look for on microscopy?

A

Ehrlichia
Vector is the tick
Look for monocytes with morulae (berry-like inclusions) in the cytoplasm

10
Q

Causative agent for Anaplasmosis?
Vector?
What to look for on microscopy?

A

Anaplasma
Vector is the tick
Granulocytes with morulae in cytoplasm

11
Q

Causative agent for Q fever?
Vector? (this is a trick question)
How is one exposed to the disease?

A

Coxiella burnetii
No arthropod vector
Tick feces and cattle placenta release spores that are inhaled as aerosols

12
Q

How does Q fever present?

A

As pneumonia

13
Q

What is queer about Q fever?

A

It has no rash or vector and its causative organism can survive outside in its endospore form

14
Q

Is chlamydia intracellular or extracellular organism? Why?

A

Obligate intracellular organism because they cannot make their own ATP

15
Q

What are the two forms of chlamydia?

A

Elementary bodies

Reticular bodies

16
Q

What is an elementary body? What does it look like? And what does it do?

A

Elementary chlamydia bodies are small, dense, and INFECTIOUS. Enter the cell via Endocytosis.
Transformers into reticular bodies

17
Q

What is a reticular body? And what does it do?

A

Replicates in the cell by FISSION. Reorganizes into elementary bodies

18
Q

Chlamydia trachomatis causes what? (4)

A
  1. Reactive arthritis (Reiter syndrome)
  2. Follicular conjunctivitis
  3. Nongonococcal urethritis
  4. PID
19
Q

C. pneumoniae and C. psittaci cause what? How are they transmitted?

A

They cause aytpical pneumonia.

Transmitted via aerosols

20
Q

How to treat chlamydia? 2

A

Azithromycin–1 time treatment

Doxycycline

21
Q

What do chlamydia serotypes A, B, and C cause?

A

Chronic infection &
Blindness due to follicular conjunctivitis
in Africa
ABCs: Africa/Blindness/Chronic infection

22
Q

What do chlamydia serotypes D-K cause? 4

A
  1. Urethitis/PID
  2. Ectopic pregnancy
  3. Neonatal pneumonia (staccato cough)
  4. Neonatal conjunctivitis
23
Q

Best way to remember chlamydia serotypes D-K?

A

D-K cause everything else

24
Q

How is the neonatal disease transmitted?

A

Passage through infected birth canal

25
Q

What do chlamydia serotypes L1, L2, and L2 cause?

A

Lymphogranuloma venereum

26
Q

What in the hell are Lymphogranuloma venereum? What do they lead to

A

Small, painless ulcers on the genitals that cause swollen painful lymph nodes that eventually ulcerate.
The ulcerated LNs are known as “buboes”

27
Q

What does mycoplasma pneumonia cause? How does it present

A
  1. Classic cause of atypical “walking pneumonia”

2. Insidious onset with HA, non-productive cough, and patchy or diffuse interstitial infiltrate

28
Q

How does the x-ray of mycoplasma pneumonia compare to the patient?
On which agar is m. pneumoniae cultured?

A
  1. The xray looks worse than the patient does

2. Eaton agar

29
Q

How does mycoplasma pneumoniae predispose to lysed or aggultinated RBCs?

A

M. pneumoniae creates a high titer of cold agglutinins (IgM) which can agglutinate or lyse RBCs

30
Q

What can treat m. pneumoniae? (3) What can’t…and why not? (1)

A

Macrolide, doxycycline, or flurorquinolone.

PCN ineffective because mycoplasma does not have a cell wall

31
Q
  1. Best way to stain m. pneumoniae?

2. What gives the membrane of m. pneumoniae stability

A
  1. No cell wall so it doesn’t Gram stain. Use acid fast

2. Membrane contains sterols for stability

32
Q

M. pneumoniae is common in which patient age?

Frequent outbreaks in what kind of populations? (2)

A
  1. Patients