rip

Question 1

maladaptive actions or cognitive processes that defy social norms

Answer 1

abnormal behavior

Question 2

late twentieth-century movement to release large numbers of asylum patients and reintegrate them into their communities

Answer 2

deinstitutionalization

Question 3

the diagnostic tool published by the American Psychiatric Association, used to categorize and diagnose psychological disorders

Answer 3

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)

Question 4

can’t prescribe meds, but supports people through psychotherapy

Answer 4

psychologist

Question 5

can prescribe meds, identify
disorders/diagnose, generally works inside hospitals

Answer 5

psychiatrist

Question 6

maintains that abnormal behaviors are symptoms of an underlying disease

Answer 6

medical model

Question 7

maintains that abnormal behaviors are caused by repressed memories of childhood trauma and unconscious conflicts

Answer 7

psychoanalytic model

Question 8

views psychological disorders as temporary impediments to self-actualization that result from unsatisfied needs

Answer 8

humanistic model

Question 9

maintains that abnormal behaviors result from faulty beliefs and maladaptive emotional responses

Answer 9

cognitive model

Question 10

maintains that psychological disorders result from imbalances in brain chemistry and other biological causes, including heredity and evolution

Answer 10

biological model

Question 11

maintains that psychological disorders are culturally specific and caused by a variety of social and cultural factors

Answer 11

sociocultural model

Question 12

maintains that abnormal behaviors are the products of learning, just like any other behaviors

Answer 12

behavioral model

Question 13

generally defined as Deviant, Distressing, Dysfunctional,
Dangerous

Answer 13

abnormal behavior

Question 14

Experience excessive anxiety under most circumstances and worry about practically anything

Answer 14

generalized anxiety disorder

Question 15

Anxiety disorder marked by recurrent and unpredictable panic attacks

Answer 15

panic disorder

Question 16

Intense, irrational fear responses to specific stimuli

Answer 16

specific phobia

Question 17

Compound disorder of thought and behavior

Answer 17

obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 18

are persistent, intrusive, and unwanted thoughts that an individual cannot get out of his or her mind

Answer 18

obsessions

Question 19

are ritualistic behaviors performed repeatedly

Answer 19

compulsions

Question 20

Result of some trauma experienced by the victim. Victims re-experience the traumatic event in nightmares about the event, or flashbacks in which they relieve the event

Answer 20

posttraumatic stress disorder

Question 21

Mood swings alternating between periods of major depression and mania

Answer 21

bipolar disorder

Question 22

Involves intense depressed mood, reduced interest or pleasure in activities, loss of energy, and problems in making decisions for a minimum of 2 weeks

Answer 22

major depressive disorder

Question 23

Pattern of distrust and suspiciousness about other people’s motives, individual thinks that others are out to threaten, betray, exploit, or harm

Answer 23

Paranoid Personality Disorder “Accusatory

Question 24

Characterized by persistent avoidance of social relationships and little expression of emotion

Answer 24

Schizoid Personality Disorder “Aloof”

Question 25

Characterized by extreme discomfort in close relationships, very odd patterns of thinking and perceiving, and behavioral eccentricities

Answer 25

Schizotypal Personality Disorder “Awkward”

Question 26

Characterized by a general pattern of disregard for and violation of other people’s rights (closely linked to criminal behavior)

Answer 26

Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD)

Question 27

Characterized by repeated instability in interpersonal relationships, self-image, and mood and by impulsive behavior

Answer 27

Borderline Personality Disorder

Question 28

Characterized by a pattern of excessive emotionality (dramatic) and attention seeking

Answer 28

Histrionic Personality Disorder

Question 29

Characterized by a broad pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack of empathy

Answer 29

narcissistic personality disorder

Question 30

Characterized by consistent discomfort and restraint in social situations, overwhelming feelings of inadequacy, and extreme sensitivity to negative evaluation/potential rejection, humanilitation

Answer 30

avoidant personality disorder

Question 31

Characterized by a pattern of clinging and obedience, fear of separation, and an ongoing need to be taken care of

Answer 31

dependent personality disorder

Question 32

Characterized by an intense focus on orderliness, perfectionism, and control that the person loses flexibility, openness, and efficiency

Answer 32

Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder

Question 33

Disorder marked by the inability to focus attention, or overactive and impulsive behavior, or both

Answer 33

ADHD

Question 34

Disorder marked by extreme unresponsiveness to others, severe communication deficits, and highly repetitive and rigid behaviors, interests, and activities

Answer 34

autism spectrum disorder (ASD)

Question 35

Disorder marked by intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior that are well below average

Answer 35

intellectual disability (ID)

Question 36

Fatal degenerative disease in which brain neurons progressively die, characterized by loss of memory, reasoning, emotion, and control of bodily functions

Answer 36

alzheimers disease

Question 37

Life-threatening eating disorder that involves intense fear of weight gain or becoming overweight, distorted perception of one’s weight/body shape, persistent restriction of caloric intake

Answer 37

Anorexia Nervosa (Anorexia)

Question 38

increasing cognitive misperception of being overweight despite evidence to the contrary

Answer 38

body dysmorphia

Question 39

Recurrent binge eating followed by compensatory behaviors for the intake of food, such as purging

Answer 39

Bulimia Nervosa (Bulimia)

Question 40

Uncontrollably eating a large amount of food in a short period of time; after a bingeing episode a person will not purge and will feel an extreme sense of guilt

Answer 40

binge eating disorder

Question 41

Characterized by physical symptoms including pain, and high anxiety in these individuals about having a disease

Answer 41

Somatic Symptom Disorder (SDD)

Question 42

Characterized by a preoccupation with a serious medical or health condition with either no or mild physical (somatic) symptoms such as nausea or dizziness that has persisted for 6 months

Answer 42

Illness Anxiety Disorder (IAD)

Question 43

Characterized by loss of some bodily function without physical damage to the affected organs or their neural connections

Answer 43

conversion disorder

Question 44

Loss of memory for a traumatic event or period of time that is too painful for an individual to remember

Answer 44

dissociative disorder

Question 45

Rare mental disorder characterized by at least two distinct and relatively enduring identities or dissociated personality states that recurrently control a person’s behavior

Answer 45

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID)

Question 46

Psychotic disorder in which personal, social, and occupational functioning deteriorate as a result of unusual perceptions, odd thoughts, disturbed emotions, and motor abnormalities

Answer 46

schizophrenia

Question 47

High fluctuation of levels of dopamine can be responsible for schizophrenic symptoms

Answer 47

dopamine hypothesis

Question 48

the categories of disorders recognized by the DSM, used to diagnose patients

Answer 48

diagnostic labels

Question 49

Experiment underscoring the way that diagnostic labels can bias people’s perceptions of patients; hospital staff did not recognize that pseudopatients with a diagnosis of mental illness were in fact health

Answer 49

rosenhan experiment

Question 50

the obligation not to disclose particular kinds of information, including mental health information, except in limited cases, Mandated in the U.S. by HIPAA

Answer 50

confidentiali

Question 51

immunity from legal responsibility due to an inability to tell the difference between right and wrong; a legal category, not a psychiatric one

Answer 51

insanity

Question 52

an ongoing relationship between a patient and a therapist, in which the two discuss the patient’s experiences and symptoms

Answer 52

psychotherapy

Question 53

when a mental health professional prescribes a drug for a patient to alleviate psychological distress

Answer 53

pharmacological treatment

Question 54

Exposing people to fear-invoking objects or situations intensely and rapidly

Answer 54

flooding

Question 55

Developed by Joseph Wolpe, a client makes a list of fears and then learns to relax while concentrating on these fears

Answer 55

Systematic Desensitization

Question 56

Pairing an undesirable behavior with an aversive stimulus in the hope that the unwanted behavior will eventually be reduced

Answer 56

aversion therapy

Question 57

Behavioral strategy relies on reinforcement to modify behavior. Clients are allowed to earn tokens that can be exchanged for special privileges or desired items

Answer 57

token economy

Question 58

Mind-body technique that involves using visual or auditory feedback to gain control over involuntary bodily functions

Answer 58

biofeedback

Question 59

Mind-body technique that involves using visual or auditory feedback to gain control over involuntary bodily functions

Answer 59

biofeedback

Question 60

a humanistic therapy that maintains that psychological distress occurs when patients focus on what could be, rather than on the present moment; developed by Fritz Perls

Answer 60

gestalt therapy

Question 61

automatic and irrational perceptions of the world that contribute to feelings of anxiety or depression

Answer 61

cognitive distortions

Question 62

a deeply held belief that guides an individual’s thoughts

Answer 62

core beliefs

Question 63

a cognitive therapy technique that requires patients to challenge irrational beliefs and replace them with more realistic ones

Answer 63

cognitive restructuring

Question 64

Human emotions and behavior are predominantly generated by ideas, beliefs, attitudes and thinking

Answer 64

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapists

Question 65

Developed in 1950s by Albert Ellis, psychological problems arise when thoughts are irrational and lead to behavioral consequences that are distressful

Answer 65

Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)

Question 66

Researched by Aaron Beck, based on the idea that how we think (cognition), how we feel (emotion) and how we act (behavior) all interact together

Answer 66

Aaron Beck’s Cognitive Therapy

Question 67

strategies to cultivate a state of conscious awareness

Answer 67

mindfulness

Question 68

The primary focus of psychodynamic therapy is to uncover the unconscious content of a client’s psyche in order to alleviate psychic tension

Answer 68

psychoanalysis

Question 69

The client spontaneously reports thoughts, feelings, and mental images that come to mind (no censorship)

Answer 69

free association

Question 70

The patient’s conscious or unconscious attempt to block disturbing memories, motives, and experiences (sensitive material)

Answer 70

resistance “mental blocks”

Question 71

The process by which a patient projects or transfers unresolved conflicts and feelings onto the therapist

Answer 71

transference

Question 72

the most popular humanistic therapy, which views patients as “clients” and focuses on authenticity and healthy self-concept

Answer 72

client-centered therapy

Question 73

Regard, allow client to steer the direction of the therapy, clients have value

Answer 73

unconditional positive

Question 74

therapist listens to client, paraphrasing what the client says, prevents advice or judgements

Answer 74

active listening

Question 75

Elevate mood by affecting neurotransmitters such as serotonin that are linked to depression

Answer 75

antidepressant drugs

Question 76

blocks the reuptake of serotonin

Answer 76

SSRI

Question 77

A biological treatment in which a brain seizure is triggered as an electric current passes through electrodes attached to the patient’s forehead

Answer 77

Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)

Question 78

an invasive biomedical treatment that delivers electric shocks to the brain directly through an implanted electrode sometimes used for severe OCD

Answer 78

deep brian stimulation