What are three reasons for why the deficit model applies?
Lack of scientist training in public communications and non-rationality of public
Scientists perceive the public as a homogenously ignorant body (why bother?)
Compatibility of model with policy introduction
What paper is the Teeside case study in?
Philmore and Moffatt (2004)
What are three reasons in favour of the deficit model/against incorporating lay perceptions?
- Noise/bias (misinformed and incapable of determining real risk)
- Discriminatory/prejudiced (long-term impacts on others)
- Difficulty of capturing representative cultural plurality
What are four reasons for using lay perceptions?
- Right to influence issues affecting them
- experts can be biased
- enrichment of expert knowledge = better engagement
- unintentional capturing of alternative beneficial expertise
What did Bickerstaffe (2004) say?
Risk perceptions determined by:
voluntary/involuntary activity
proportionality of risk to benefit
everyday risks
Which paper talked about local memory, observation and evidence and local expertise as having an impact on risk perceptions?
Irwin et al. (1999)
Which paper talked about the social amplification of risk?
Kasperson & Slovic (2003)
Which paper talked about how the neighbourhood halo effect?
Bickerstaffe & Walker (2001)
Which paper talks about how Christchurch identities influenced risk perceptions?
Cupples (2002)
What did Slovic (1999) talk about?
How risk is socially constructed - balanced science, psychological, social, cultural and political factors
Which paper talks about how urban expansion in New Orleans affected the impact of Hurricane Katrina upon the area?
Bakker (2005)
What were four ways that urban expansion took place in New Orleans prior to the hurricane?
Channelization, canalization, establishment of settlements upon them and damming upstream all reduced the natural coastal defence of wetlands
What was topography a proxy for in New Orleans?
poverty
Which paper talks about how social vulnerabilities are largely ignored in hazards?
Cutter (2006)
What was Hurricane Pam?
You know it already
