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Social Psychology > Romantic Relationships > Flashcards

Romantic Relationships Flashcards

1
Q

Physical Attraction

A

High arousal, passion & sex.

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2
Q

Love

A

Includes emotional intimacy, affection & fulfillment of psychological needs.

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3
Q

What are the three types of attachments?

A
  1. Secure
  2. Avoidant
  3. Anxious Ambivalent
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4
Q

Attatchment

A

The process of becoming emotionally attached to a romantic partner.

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5
Q

What is secure attachment?

A

Feel comfortable getting close to and depending on others.

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6
Q

What is avoidant?

A

Feel uncomfortable getting close to or depending on others.

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7
Q

What is anxious ambivalent?

A

Strong desire to get close to others, but a strong fear of abandonment & rejection.

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8
Q

Development of Early Adult Romantic Relationships

A

Early experiences in family of origin affect the way people approach & understand relationships.

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9
Q

What are the 3 premises on Development of Early Adult Romantic Relationships?

A
  1. People develop models from observing family (e.g: model for what a romantic relationship is supposed to be)
  2. People develop habits from interacting with family of origin (e.g: communication style)
  3. Family experiences can facilitate or constrain effective relationship processes.
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10
Q

Matching principle

A

Tendency for people to get into relationship w/ those of similar attractiveness.

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11
Q

Hard to get effect

A

Tendency to prefer people who are highly selective in their social choice over those who are readily available

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12
Q

Proximity

A

Geographic nearness or functional distance is associated with increased liking

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13
Q

Miscommunication & Flirting (henningsen, 2014)

A
  • Results: Men more likely to attribute any form of flirting as sexually motivated.
  • Women more likely to attribute flirting to a desire to advance the relationship or have fun.
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14
Q

What are some irrational relationship beliefs?

A
  • Partners can’t change
  • Any disagreement is destructive
  • Partners should be able to read mind
  • Sexual perfection for every sexual experience
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15
Q

Romantic fantasies & women’s interest in power (Rudman & Heppen, 2003)

A
  • Results: Implicit endorsement of normative romantic fantasies was associated w/ lower levels of interest in personal power.
  • No relationship was found for men.
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16
Q

Rejection expectancies & self-fulfilling prophecy (Downey, 1998)

A

• Those with significant rejection expectancies were more likely to elicit rejection from their dating partners.

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17
Q

Level match

A
  • to the degree that your partner matches the precise “amounts” you would like of him or her on certain characteristics.
  • e.g: on a scale of 1 - 10 on humor your match should have an 8
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18
Q

Pattern match

A
  • How a partner matches on the relative importance of certain characteristics in relation to other characteristics – regardless of precise amounts.
  • e.g: wants a 9=honesty & 7=humor, person is 7=honesty, 5=humor.
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19
Q

Level Match Vs. Pattern Match Study

A

• Couples that focused on pattern match were 3x less likely to get divorced compared to those focused on level match.

20
Q

Four “horsemen of the apocalypse”

A
  1. Criticism
  2. Contempt
  3. Defensiveness
  4. Stonewalling
21
Q

Negotiation

A
  • A process by which 2 parties communicate with each other in order to reach an outcome on which they mutually agree.
  • All 4 profiles of dealing w/ conflict are usually in different situations.
22
Q

What are some negotiation styles?

A
  • competing
  • avoiding
  • collaborating
  • Accommodating
23
Q

Four “horsemen of the apocalypse” – Critisism

A

Attacking partners personality/character (e.g: you always.. you never)

24
Q

Four “horsemen of the apocalypse” – Contempt

A

Attacking your partners sense of self with the intention to insult or abuse him or her. Name calling, hostile humor, sarcasm.

25
Q

Four “horsemen of the apocalypse” – Defensiveness

A

Seeing self as victim, warding off attack, making excuses (it’s not my fault), cross complaining,yes-butting.

26
Q

Four “horsemen of the apocalypse” – Stonewalling

A

Withdrawing from relationship to avoid argument (silence, disconnection, distance)

27
Q

Negotiation – Competing

A

• Results-oriented, focused on the bottom line

28
Q

Negotiation – Avoiding

A
  • Passive
  • Prefer to avoid conflict
  • make attempts to withdrawal from the situation
29
Q

Negotiation – Collaborating

A
  • Use open & honest communication

* Focused on finding solution that mutually satisfies BOTH parties

30
Q

Negotiation – Accomodating

A
  • Focused on maintaining relationship w/ other party
  • Smooth over conflict
  • Most concerned w/ satisfying needs of other party.
31
Q

Factors that improve negotiation (getting to a solution)

A
  1. Search for clarity – what does the other person exactly want? Don’t assume.
  2. Show patience
  3. Avoid the presumption of evil or ill-will – if you assume the worst, you will act the worst.
  4. Break down bigger issues into smaller ones – try to keep breaking the problem down to get to a smaller solution.
  5. (Sometimes) focus on the problem, rather than solution – allows for common solution (worked on together)
  6. Admit error & apologize
32
Q

Improving communication

A
  1. Try not to focus on who’s right & who’s wrong
  2. Sometimes need to “agree to disagree” or not say everything you want to – lose the battle, win the war.
  3. Don’t rub your partners nose in a misstep or mistake – try not to look at it as who is winning. Theoretically you are a team.
  4. Try to have fights in private. (w/ kids=reduces modeling, w/ friends around can instigate situation)
  5. Try to put angry emotions aside or come back to discussion later.
33
Q

General factors to improve relationship (gottman,2000)

A
  1. Try to accentuate the positive, rather than eliminate the negative
  2. Create mutually meaningful goals (similarity is a stronger predictor of relationship success than dissimilarity)
  3. Improve communication during fights
34
Q

Excitation Transfer

A

residual excitation from one stimulus will amplify the excitatory response to another stimulus

35
Q

Attatchment style

A

The way a person typically interacts with significant others

36
Q

Triangular Theory of love

A

Proposes that there are 3 love basic components

(1) Intimacy
(2) Passion
(3) Commitment

37
Q

Passionate love

A

High arousal, intense attraction, fear of rejection

38
Q

Compassionate love

A

Secure, trusting, stable partnership

39
Q

Need for affiliation

A

Desire to establish & maintain many rewarding interpersonal relationships

40
Q

Mere exposure effect

A

Phenomenon where the more often people are exposed to a stimuli the more positive the stimuli is evaluated.

41
Q

What-is-beautiful-is-good stereotype

A

Belief that attractive people also posses desirable personality characteristics

42
Q

Intimate relationship

A

Close relationship between 2 adults that involve emotional attachment, fulfillment of psychological needs or interdependence.

43
Q

Social exchange theory

A

Perspective that sees people as motivated to maximize benefits & minimize costs in their relationship w/ others

44
Q

Equity theory

A

Suggests that people are most satisfied in a relationship when the ratio between benefits & contributions is similar for both partners

45
Q

Exchange relationship

A

Benefits are given w/ the expectation of receiving a comparable benefit in the future or in return for a benefit already received.

46
Q

Communal relationship

A

Participants expect & desire mutual responsiveness to each others needs (regardless of benefits).

Social Psychology (13 decks)

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