RT 103 Ch. 4, CA

Question 1

Name the main groups that anatomists divide the bones of the upper limbs or extremities into.

Answer 1

Hand
Forearm
Arm
Shoulder girdle

Question 2

How many bones are in the hand?

Answer 2

27

Question 3

Name the 3 groups that make up the 26 hand bones.

Answer 3

Phalanges - bones of digits (fingers and thumb)
Metacarpals - bones of the palm
Carpals - bones of the wrist

Question 4

How many phalanges are in the digits?

Answer 4

14

Question 5

Phalanges

Answer 5

long bones that consist of a cylindric body and articular ends.

Question 6

How many phalanges in the first digit and name them?

Answer 6

2

proximal and distal

Question 7

How many phalanges in the rest of the digits and name them?

Answer 7

2

proxima, middlel and distal

Question 8

Metacarpals

Answer 8

Bones of the palm

Question 9

How many metacarpal bones in the hand

Answer 9

5

Question 10

Metacarpals

Answer 10

cylindric in shape and slightly concave anteriorly, form the palm of the hand.

Question 11

What are metacarpal heads commonly referred to?

Answer 11

knuckles

Question 12

What does the first metacarpals contain?

Answer 12

Two small sesamoid bones on its palmar aspect below the neck.

Question 13

Proximal Row of the carpal bones

Answer 13

Scaphoid Navicular
Lunate Semilunar
Triquetrum Triquetral, cuneiform, or triangular
Pisiform (none)

Question 14

Distal Row of the carpal bones

Answer 14

Trapezium Greater Multiangular
Trapezoid Lesser Multiangular
Capitate Os magnum
Hamate Unciform

Question 15

How many carpal bones does the wrist have?

Answer 15

8

Question 16

what is the largest bone in the proximal carapal row?

Answer 16

scaphoid

Question 17

Lunate

Answer 17

articulates with the radius proximally and is easy to recognize because of its crescent shape.

Question 18

Triquetram

Answer 18

roughly pyramidal and articulates anteriorly with the hamate

Question 19

Pisoform

Answer 19

a pea-shaped bone situated anterior to the triquetrum and is easily palpated.

Question 20

Trapezium

Answer 20

has a tubercle and groove on the anterior surface

Question 21

Trapezoid

Answer 21

has a smaller surface anteriorly than posteriorly.

Question 22

Capitate

Answer 22

articulates with the base of the third metacarpal and is the largest and most centrally located carpal.

Question 23

Hamate

Answer 23

exhibits the prominent hook of hamate, which is located on the anterior surface.

Question 24

Which two carpals form the medial margin of of the carpal groove?

Answer 24

Hamate & Pisiform

Question 25

Anatomic Snuffbox

Answer 25

a depression formed by the tendons of the two major muscles of the thumb.

Question 26

What does the radial artery do?

Answer 26

Carries blood to the dorsum of the hand.

Question 27

What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

Answer 27

scaphoid

Question 28

What is a clinical sign of a scaphoid fracrure?

Answer 28

tenderness in the snuffbox area.

Question 29

Carpal Sulcus

Answer 29

formed by the anterior and palmar surface of the wrist and is concave from side to side.

Question 30

Flexor retinaculum

Answer 30

a strong fibrous band, attached medislly to the pisiform and hook of hamate and laterally to the tubercles of the scaphod and Trapezium

Question 31

Carpal tunnel

Answer 31

passageway created between the carpal sulcus and Flexor retinaculum

Question 32

what do the medium nerve and the flexor tendons have in common?

Answer 32

they pass through the carpal tunnel.

Question 33

What does carpal syndrome

Answer 33

results from compression of the medium nerve inside the carpal tunnel

Question 34

Forearm

Answer 34

contains two bones that lie parallel to each other , the radius and the ulna.

Question 35

What side of the forearm is the radius located on?

Answer 35

lateral

Question 36

What side of the forearm is the ulna located on?

Answer 36

medial

Question 37

Describe the body of the ulna

Answer 37

is long and slender and tapers inferiorly.

Question 38

Proximal process or olecranon process

Answer 38

concaves anteriorly and slightly inferiorly and forms the proximal portion of the of the trochlear notch

Question 39

coronoid process (more distal process)

Answer 39

projects anteriorly from the anterior surface of the body and curves slightly superiorly.

Question 40

Radial notch

Answer 40

located on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process

Question 41

head

Answer 41

distal end of the ulna and includes a rounded process on the lateral side.

Question 42

ulnar styloid process

Answer 42

narrower conic projection on the posteromedial side

Question 43

What separates the head and ulna from the wrist joint?

Answer 43

articular disk

Question 44

Proximal end of the radius

Answer 44

small and presents a flat disklike head above a constricted area called the neck.

Question 45

Radial tuberosity

Answer 45

roughed process just inferior to the neck on the medial side of the body of the radius.

Question 46

Radial styloid process

Answer 46

distal end of the radius , broad and flattened and has a conic projection on the lateral surface.