Rush Minors Flashcards
(13 cards)
The Diego System consists of two sets of independent pairs of antithetical antigens: / and /.
The Dia antigen is useful in anthropogenic studies of _____ ancestry.
The Diego antigens are located on the _____ protein on red blood cells.
Mutations in AE-1 are associated with _____, congenital acanthocytosis, and Southeast Asian ovalocytosis.
The Diego System is resistant to _____.
Anti-Di⁴ and anti-Di⁵ are _____ antibodies and do not bind _____.
Anti-Di⁵ demonstrates a _____ effect.
Wr⁴ and Wr⁵ were first classified as an independent blood group system and later as a _____.
Dia/Dib, Wra/Wrb
Mongolian
AE-1 (anion exchange)
hereditary spherocytosis
all standard enzymes
IgG, C’
dosage
collection
The Yt System antigens are located on the _____ protein.
Yt(a) is _____ sensitive to certain enzymes and is not well-developed at birth.
Yt(b) is well-developed at birth but is poorly _____.
Antibodies in the Yt System are of the _____ class.
The Yt System is sensitive to _____.
Yt antibodies have been associated with _____ reactions but not with HDN.
AChE
variably
immunogenic
IgG
reducing agents
transfusion
The Xg antigen is located on the _____ arm of the _____ chromosome.
The Xg System has only one identified antigen, _____, with no known _____ partner.
Anti-Xg is an _____ antibody that binds _____.
The Xg antigen is sensitive to most _____ but not to _____.
Anti-Xg has been associated with _____ and _____.
The Xg antigen is poorly _____.
short, X
Xg, antithetical
IgG, C’
enzymes, reducing agents
HTR (hemolytic transfusion reactions), HDN (hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn)
immunogenic
The Scianna System antigens include _____, _____, and _____.
Sc1 and Sc2 are resistant to _____ but sensitive to _____.
Anti-Sc1 is _____ and binds _____, but is not implicated in _____.
Anti-Sc2 is rare, does not bind _____, and is not associated with _____.
_____ and _____ antibodies are associated with mild HDN.
Anti-Sc3 is _____ and associated with _____ but not with _____.
Sc1, Sc2, Sc3 (or Radin/Rd)
standard enzymes, reducing agents
IgG, C’, HTR
C’, HTR
Anti-Sc2, anti-Rd
IgG, HTR, HDN
The Dombrock System antigens include _____, _____, _____, and _____.
Do³/Do⁵ antigens are resistant to _____ and _____ but sensitive to _____, _____, and _____.
DO antibodies are typically _____ reactive _____ that do not bind _____.
DO antibodies react optimally in IAT with _____ or _____ enhancement.
The Dombrock System is associated with _____ HTR but not with _____.
Absence of DO expression is seen in _____.
Do³, Do⁵, Gregory (Gy³), Holley (H⁷), Joseph (Jo³)
ficin, papain; trypsin, pronase, reducing agents
weakly, IgG, C’
PEG, enzyme
acute/delayed, HDN
PNH III
The Colton System is composed of the antigens _____, _____, and _____.
Coa is a _____ incidence antigen, while Cob is found in about _____% of the random population.
All Colton System antigens are resistant to _____ and _____.
The Colton antigens are located on _____, which are primary plasma membrane water channels.
Colton System antibodies are _____ and are associated with _____ HTR.
Anti-Cob weakly binds _____ and is associated with _____ to mild HDN.
Co3 is a high incidence antigen present on RBCs carrying _____ and/or _____ but not in _____ phenotype.
Anti-Co3 is a potent _____ that binds _____ and is associated with _____ HDN and _____ HTR.
The _____ phenotype is linked with monosomy 7 of the bone marrow, associated with _____ and preleukemic dysmyelopoietic syndromes.
Coa, Cob, Co3
high, 10
enzymes, reducing agents
Aquaporin-1 (AQP-1)
IgG, acute/delayed
C’, subclinical
Coa, Cob, null
IgG, C’, severe, mild
Co(a-b-), myeloid leukemia
The Chido/Rodgers System contains _____ antigens, including _____ Chido antigens, _____ Rodgers antigens, and the _____ antigen.
The high incidence antigens in this system are _____, _____, _____, and _____.
These antigens are poorly expressed on _____ and are sensitive to treatment with _____ but resistant to _____.
Antibodies in this system are classified as _____ antibodies, which are _____ and _____ reacting IgG antibodies.
The antibodies typically show reactions that seldom exceed _____.
This blood group system is associated with the _____ system.
Unlike most blood group systems, the Chido/Rodgers antigens are not _____.
9, 6, 2, WH
CH1, CH2, CH3, RG2
cord cells, most enzymes, reducing agents
“high-titer low avidity” (HTLA), weak, variably
1+
human leukocyte antigen (HLA)
antithetical
The Gerbich System includes _____ high incidence antigens and _____ low incidence antigens.
The high incidence antigens in the Gerbich System are _____, _____, and _____.
The low incidence antigens in this system include _____, _____, _____, and _____.
Gerbich antigens are expressed on RBC membrane _____ and/or _____.
Individuals with the _____ phenotype (GE: -2, -3, -4) may develop _____.
3, 4
Ge2, Ge3, Ge4
Wb, Ls^a, An^a, Dh^a
glycophorin C, glycophorin D
Leach, elliptocytosis
The Cromer System is composed of _____ high incidence antigens and _____ low incidence antigens.
The high incidence antigens include Crᵃ, _____, Drᵃ, _____, IFC, UMC, _____, and GUTI.
The low incidence antigens are _____, Tcᶜ, and _____.
Most Cromer antigens are sensitive to _____ and _____, but _____ have little effect on them.
Cromer antigens are carried by _____ (CD55).
The _____ phenotype is a null phenotype that lacks DAF.
Cromer antibodies are generally of the _____ subclass and are rarely observed.
8, 3
Tcᵃ, Esᵃ, WESᵇ
Tcᵇ, WESᵃ
chymotrypsin, pronase, reducing agents
DAF (decay-accelerating factor)
Inab
IgG1
The Knops System is composed of _____ antigens, including Kn^a/Kn^b, _____, McC^a/McC^b, Yk^a, and Sl3.
The high incidence antigens in this system are _____, _____, _____, and _____.
The low incidence antigen is _____.
Knops antigens are resistant to _____ and _____, but are weakened/destroyed by _____, _____, and _____.
These antigens are poorly expressed on _____ and depressed in patients with _____.
Knops antigens are carried on _____ (CR1).
Knops antibodies are _____ class, RBC-stimulated, and react _____ at the IAT phase.
These antibodies are considered clinically _____ with no reports of _____ or _____.
8, Sl1/Sl2
Kn^a, McC^a, Sl1, Yk^a
Kn^b
ficin, papain; trypsin, chymotrypsin, reducing agent
cord cells, autoimmune disease
complement receptor 1
IgG, weakly/variably
insignificant, HTR, HDN
The Indian System was discovered by _____ in _____ and consists of two antigens: _____ and _____.
Indian System antigens are carried on _____ and are susceptible to most _____ and _____.
These antigens are poorly expressed on _____ but are considered _____.
Antibodies in this system are _____ class, _____, and reactive at _____ phase.
While generally not clinically significant, rare cases of _____ have been reported with anti-In⁵.
Badakere et al, 1973, In⁴, In⁵
CD44, enzymes, reducing agents
cord cells, immunogenic
IgG, RBC-stimulated, IAT
HTR (hemolytic transfusion reactions)
The John Milton Hagen System contains a single high frequency antigen called _____.
The JMH antigen is carried on the protein _____ (CDw108).
JMH antigens are destroyed by most standard _____ and _____ except _____.
Antibodies in this system are of the _____ subclass.
_____ may be found in elderly individuals who weakly express JMH antigens.
The absence of JMH expression is associated with _____.
Clinically, this blood group system is considered _____.
JMH
semaphorin
enzymes, reducing agents, sialidase
IgG4
Autoanti-JMH
[not specified in text - no answer available]
insignificant
The Bennett-Goodspeed antigens include _____, _____, and _____.
These antigens are associated with the _____ system.
Bg antibodies are directed against _____ which are produced by _____.
These antigens are mainly found on _____ rather than red blood cells.
Due to their primary location, Bennett-Goodspeed antigens are not eligible for assignment to _____ terminology.
Bg, Bgb, Bgc
HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen)
HLA, MHC (Major Histocompatibility Complex)
leukocytes
ISBT (International Society of Blood Transfusion)
