Sampling Method

Question 1

What are the 5 different types of sampling?

Answer 1

1. Oppurtunity
2. Random
3. Systematic
4. Stratified
5. Volunteer

Question 2

What does Population mean?

Answer 2

Refers to large group of individuals a researcher is interested in studying (e.g. students in 6th Form)

Question 3

What does Target Population mean?

Answer 3

A particular subset of overall population from which a sample is taken (e.g. 6th Form students in Newcastle)

Question 4

What does Sample mean?
[2]

Answer 4

• The group of people who take part in investigation
• Drawn from target population - representative

Question 5

What does Representative mean?

Answer 5

Contains same characteristics as target population

Question 6

What does Oppurtunity Sampling mean?

Answer 6

Participants happen to be available at the time the study is being carried out - recruited conveniently

Question 7

What does Random Sampling mean?
[2]

Answer 7

• When all members have equal chance of being selected.
• Random number generator

Question 8

What happens in Systematic Sampling?

Answer 8

Predetermined system where every nth member is selected from sampling frame

Question 9

What happens in Stratified Sampling?

Answer 9

• The composition reflects proportions of people in particular subgroups
• Percentage

Question 10

What does Volunteer Sampling mean?

Answer 10

Self selection where participant volunteers to take part in response to advert

Question 11

What is Strengths of Oppurtunity Sampling?

Answer 11

Easy recruitment - time saving, saves money

Question 12

What are Limitations of Oppurtunity Sampling?

Answer 12

• Not representative of whole population, so low generalisability
• Researcher bias - they are biased in choosing

Question 13

What are the Strengths of Random Sampling?

Answer 13

• gives a representative sample of the population
• every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected
• the sample is likely to reflect the characteristics and diversity of the larger population
• This enhances the generalisability

Question 14

What is a Limitation of Random Sampling?
[2]

Answer 14

• Time consuming - need to have list of members of population
• Volunteer bias - participants can refuse

Question 15

What is Strength of Systematic Sampling?
[2]

Answer 15

• Avoids researcher bias
• Usually representative of population

Question 16

What is Limitation of Systematic Sampling?

Answer 16

Not truly unbiased unless you use random number generator

Question 17

What is Strengths of Stratified Sampling?
[2]

Answer 17

• No researcher bias
• Produces representative data due to proportional data

Question 18

What are Limitations of Stratified Sampling?
[2]

Answer 18

• Time consuming
• Identified strata can’t reflect all differences between people of wider population

Question 19

What are Strengths of Volunteer Sampling?
[2]

Answer 19

• Quick access - easy and not time consuming
• More likely to cooperate

Question 20

What are Limitations of Volunteer Sampling?
[2]

Answer 20

• Volunteer bias - study may attract particular person (less generalisable)
• Motivated by money - doesn’t take study seriously