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SCS > SCS Study Guide- Medical Conditions > Flashcards

SCS Study Guide- Medical Conditions Flashcards

1
Q

what is total lung capacity

A

most air you can breath into your lungs

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2
Q

what is vital capacity

A

amount of air you can take advantages of and the volume of air breathed out after deepest inhalation

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3
Q

residual volume

A

air in lungs after a maximum expiration

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4
Q

tidal volume

A

amount of air moved in and out of lungs with normal breathing

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5
Q

expiratory reserve volume

A

max volume of air that can be exhaled from the end expiratory position

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6
Q

inspiratory reserve volume

A

max volume inhaled after end inspiratory level

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7
Q

FEV1

A

forced expiration volume at end of 1 second

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8
Q

FVC

A

vital capacity from max forced exhalation (most air that can be maximally exhale)

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9
Q

how do volumes and rates differ in restrictive vs obstructuve diseases

A

restrictive: decrease volume, normal rates
obstructive: volumes normal, rated impeded

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10
Q

what happens to FEV1/FVC in obstructive diseases

A

ratio is decreased

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11
Q

how do you treat exercise induced bronchospasms

A

10-15 min before, beta 2 agonist before the start

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12
Q

what can a treadmill challenge tell you about asthma

A

that after 6-8 min of treadmill at 85% HR, if FEV 1 drops over 10%

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13
Q

what is the presentation of someone with vocal cord dysfunction

A

airway blocked due to lack or motion or obstruction with vocal cords
neck extended, open mouth, look pf panic after race, whistling may happen but no wheezing. Usually calms after race

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14
Q

blister cause, exam and treatment

A

friction or rubbing and thremal injury
prevent and pad and DO NOT POP

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15
Q

hyperkeratosis and callus

A

toughened skin from rubbing, mostly harmless

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16
Q

what is a corn and how to treat it

A

callus of dead skin on dorsal side of foot, hard are dry and flat and soft are moist and between toes

OTC or MD referral

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17
Q

intertrigo or chafing

A

inflammation in skin folds, treat infection and prevent further friction

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18
Q

acne mechanica

A

trauma from rubbing of equipment which causes acne cysts to pop
pad and clean equipment

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19
Q

sublungal hematoma (nail bed injury)

A

drill if no fracture, brusing and blood under nail bed

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20
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial from direct contact, honey colored scabs, need antibiotics, topicals, fusidic acids

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21
Q

cellulitis

A

bacterial, group A strep, staph, red, warm, swelling and pain, and systemically ill
antibiotics

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22
Q

folliculitis

A

bacterial: staph damange to hair follicle from friction, red dots with white heads, need antibiotics

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23
Q

MRSA

A

bacterial
staph Aureus, red swelling, painful and spider bite, antibiotcs and surgical drainiage

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24
Q

furnicles/carbuncles/abbess

A

bacterial
pus that is contained, red, pain, warm, swelling, pus drainiage, needs incision and drainage

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25
Q

paronychia

A

bacterial
infection around nail bed, skin is red and hot, at nail, warm soak, antibiotics and drainage

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26
Q

hidradentitis supportive

A

bacterial
pen to marble size lump under the skin, acne inversa, axilla and groin, painful, when they break open smell bad! need antibiotics and steroids

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27
Q

otitis externa

A

bacterial
swimmers ear, and cleaning to dry as well

28
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A

viral
sharping equipment, contact, scratching
pink colored bumps with dimpled center, and OTC salicyclic acid

29
Q

herpes simplex

A

viral
direct contact, red base and group vesicles
oral antibiotics

30
Q

herpes zoster

A

viral
varicells infection chicken pox, vesicles by dermatomes, oral antivirals and analgesics

31
Q

dermatophytosis

A

ring worm viral
contact with infected, itching and scaly patches, all the tinea things!
need topical or oral antifungals

32
Q

tinae pedis

A

foot athletes

33
Q

tinea capitis

A

head with hair loss

34
Q

tinea cruris

A

groin or jock itch

35
Q

tinea versicolor

A

hypopigmented of skin

36
Q

tinea corporis RTP

A

72 hours topical and gas permeable membrane

37
Q

tinea capitus RTP

A

2 weeks antifungal

38
Q

herpes RTP

A

free of symptoms, no new lesions 72 hours, firm adherent crust, 120 antivirals, CANNOT COVER ACTIVE LESION

39
Q

molluscum contagiosum

A

lesions removed, gas permeable membrane cover ok

40
Q

furncles/carbuncles/folloculitis and impetigo and MRSA

A

no new lesions 48 hours, 72 hour antibiotic and no drainage (CANNOT COVER ACTIVE LESIONS)

41
Q

mono

A

3-5 days prodrome, with fatigue, HA, malaise, lasts up to 4 weeks, 50-75% enlarged spleen
RTP: 4 weeks rest, and feel normal and no fever

42
Q

pneumonia

A

cough, fever, malaise, fatigue, SOB and cyanosis, chest x-ray
antibiotics or hospital
RTP no fever or cough

43
Q

meningitis

A

bacterial (fatal if no treatment) and non-bacterial (aseptic)

fever, stiff neck, HA, NV, diahhrea, photophobia, pharyngitis, and AMS
vaccine, handwashing and prevention

RTP with months of recovery

44
Q

HTN

A

if 140/90 2+ occasions need EKG and possible echocardiogram
need lifestyle modification and meds, and CANNOT PLAY IF THERE IS HYPERTROPHY NOTED

45
Q

CAD

A

blockage of heart and plaque blocking flow, needs EKG and stress test and can contiue if mild

46
Q

signs that may lead to valvular disease

A

new murmur hx of SOB, chest pain and cant keep up with activity

47
Q

can you play with mild valvular disease

A

yes , moderate may prevent more strenuous activity

48
Q

HCM

A

heart muscle is thick, systolic murmur that inc with Valsalva
ECHO and MRI and may need implantable defibrillator,

too risky to play (but maybe low intensity)

49
Q

PVC

A

extra heartbeat, abnormal
participate in less strenuous

50
Q

ventricular tachy

A

SOB, cehst pain and syncope, more intense than PVC
structural changes, no!

51
Q

supraventric tachy

A

ventricles contract at rapid rate, can play with meds and no structural changes

52
Q

wolf parkinson white

A

extra electrical pathway which causes a rapid heart rate
can play if no structural changes, palpitations or tachy

53
Q

A-fib

A

irregular heartbeat
can play but not contact/collision if on anticoagulants

54
Q

A flutter

A

fast heart rate, with supraventricular tachy can play (but not contact or collision of anti-coag)

55
Q

long QT syndrome

A

rhythm disorder causing fast and erratic HR
genetic/EKG/ECHO/MRI
meds or implantable defribulator
restricted to less strenuous activity

56
Q

marfan’s

A

CT issues, long limbs, hypermobile, pectus excavatum. aortic arch dilation,

Echo, CT/MRI/

echo every 6 months, watch decrease in BP and enlargement of aorta

NO COLLISION OR HIGH STRENUOUS (weight lifting)

57
Q

elher’s danlos

A

mutation, abnormal collagen, hypermobility, fragile skin and blood vessels, bruising, joint protection,

organs can be involved too

58
Q

commotio cordis

A

v-fib, trauma from repolarization (t wave)

59
Q

sickle cell trait

A

normal RBS that are sickled, changes blood flow
need genetic testing and blood work

60
Q

when to stop an athlete playing with sickle cell

A

when athlete has cramping, fatigue or dyspnea

with all out exertion or within 30 minutes,esp with heat, dehydration and fatigue/altitude

61
Q

what is the most common type of arrhythmia preceding death

A

v-fib

62
Q

dynamic effects of exercise on CV system

A

inc HR/SV/systolic BP, decreased peripheral vascular resistance, mean BP unchanged

63
Q

static effects of exercise on CV system

A

inc perihperal vascular resistance, inc diastolic and mean BP, inc HR, SV, CO, inc myocardial O2, inc wall tension and contractility

64
Q

ECG looks at

A

electrical efficiency of heart, patterns in HR

65
Q

echocardiogram

A

internal structures and blood flow throughout structures

66
Q

stress test (TM)

A

HR aility to respond to exercise stress

67
Q

blood tests

A

look at K, Ca, Mg, thyroid, and presence for things with arrythmias.

SCS (26 decks)

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