- languages - symbols - discourses

- beliefs - norms - world views - folkways

- art - music - ideas - ideologies

- texts - knowledge - values - attitudes

SE 12-14 Flashcards by Yuuki Ito

Why StudwCulturé?

Culture is a powerful social force
-leads to f__________y and comfort in social
interaction or division and “otherness”
Key to understanding social behaviour and
how we r____e to each other

Why StudwCulturé?

Culture is a powerful social force
-leads to familiarity and comfort in social
interaction or division and “otherness”
Key to understanding social behaviour and
how we relate to each other

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languages
symbols
discourses

languages
symbols
discourses

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beliefs
norms
world views
folkways

beliefs
norms
world views
folkways

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art
music
ideas
ideologies

art
music
ideas
ideologies

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texts
knowledge
values
attitudes

texts
knowledge
values
attitudes

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Language

-reflects priorities, history and spirit of a
culture
includes slang, argot, euphemisms

Language

-reflects p________s, history and spirit of a
culture
includes slang, a____t, euphemisms

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Language

-also includes non-v____l communication
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
-language influences c_______n
e.g., mailman; fireman; anchorman

Language

-also includes non-verbal communication
Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis
-language influences cognition
e.g., mailman; fireman; anchorman

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Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

a hypothesis, first advanced by Edward Sapir in 1929 and subsequently developed by Benjamin Whorf, that the structure of a language determines a native speaker’s perception and categorization of experience.

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Values
•r________n of what is considered good, desirable
•reflected in our n____s and sanctions

Values
•reflection of what is considered good, desirable
•reflected in our norms and sanctions

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sanctions: r\_\_\_\_\_s &amp; p\_\_\_\_\_\_\_s for conduct 
Values
e.g., health 
-laws against smoking 
-nutrition labelling 
-child fitness tax incentives

sanctions: rewards & penalties for conduct

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Canadian-Values

Freedom/democracy
Multiculturalism/diversity

Canadian-Values

Freedom/democracy
Multiculturalism/diversity

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Canadian-Values

Helping others
Equality & fairness

Canadian-Values

Helping others
Equality & fairness

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Canadian-Values

Commitment to peace and non-violence
Respect for nature

Canadian-Values

Commitment to peace and non-violence
Respect for nature

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Nroms

-established standards of behaviour maintained by a society

F____I_Norms: laws; professional certification requirements

I______l_Norms: give up bus seat to elderly person or
pregnant woman

Nroms

-established standards of behaviour maintained by a society

FormaI_Norms: laws; professional certification requirements

Informal_Norms: give up bus seat to elderly person or
pregnant woman

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Nroms

T____s: vehemently prohibited behaviour: incest

M___s: reflect our most cherished principles: child
labour laws

F______s: govern everyday (polite) behaviour: don’t
interrupt

Nroms

Taboos: vehemently prohibited behaviour: incest

Mores: reflect our most cherished principles: child
labour laws

Folkways: govern everyday (polite) behaviour: don’t
interrupt

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Discourse

-refers to the way we conceptualize and talk
about an issue
e.g., i__________t discourse versus c________t
discourse:

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Discourse

-refers to the way we conceptualize and talk
about an issue
e.g., individualist discourse versus collectivist
discourse:

Discourse

addiction as illness or as social problem
-the influence of discourse:
social constructions
r________l device: e.g., neoliberal discourse

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Discourse

addiction as illness or as social problem
-the influence of discourse:
social constructions
rhetorical device: e.g., neoliberal discourse

Neoliberal Discoursé

Neoliberalism: current political philosophy;
emphasizes privatization, deregulation, reduction
of welfare state through reduction in programs
and lowering of taxes

Examples of neoliberal discourse: 
•'from poverty to perversity' 
•tragedy of the commons 
•individual responsibility

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Neoliberal Discoursé

Neoliberalism: current political philosophy;
emphasizes privatization, deregulation, reduction
of welfare state through reduction in programs
and lowering of taxes

Examples of neoliberal discourse: 
•'from poverty to perversity' 
•tragedy of the commons 
•individual responsibility

structure

-refers to the enduring p______s of social
relations and social institutions through
which society is organized
-political and economic s______s
-p______s of relationships constituting
families, schools and healthcare

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structure

-refers to the enduring patterns of social
relations and social institutions through
which society is organized
-political and economic systems
-patterns of relationships constituting
families, schools and healthcare

Culture-versus-Str-uetu-re

Structure: occupational s_________n by gender
Culture: b_____f that men are better at certain
jobs or that women are better suited for
certain tasks
e.g., male principals; female primary
school teachers

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Culture-versus-Str-uetu-re

Structure: occupational segregation by gender
Culture: belief that men are better at certain
jobs or that women are better suited for
certain tasks
e.g., male principals; female primary
school teachers

Dimensions of CUlture

P______l
e.g., Western culture, metropolitan
Toronto
S____l
e. g., age, gender, ethnicity, social class
T______l
i. e., culture evolves

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Dimensions of CUlture

Physical
e.g., Western culture, metropolitan
Toronto
Social
e. g., age, gender, ethnicity, social class
Temporal
i. e., culture evolves

Dimensions - ont’d

Cultural b________s are often difficult to delineate
within c______l groupings
borrowing happens all the time
constant development of new features and
characteristics

more similarities than differences
impacted by g____l economy and growing
global community

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Dimensions - ont’d

Cultural boundaries are often difficult to delineate 
within cultural groupings 
borrowing happens all the time 
constant development of new features and 
characteristics 
more similarities than differences 
impacted by global economy and growing 
global community

Concepts in Cultural-Studies

g________n : increased flow of goods, services and
information beyond state boundaries

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Concepts in Cultural-Studies

globalization : increased flow of goods, services and
information beyond state boundaries

Concepts in Cultural-Studies

c_____- __g: non-material culture struggles to keep up
with material culture
cultural imperialism: global dominance of American
culture

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Concepts in Cultural-Studies

cultural lag: non-material culture struggles to keep up
with material culture
cultural imperialism: global dominance of American
culture

Theoretical Perspectives ``` Functionalism Conflict Theory Marxist Neo-Marxist Symbolic Interactionism Cultural P_______n Perspective ```

Theoretical Perspectives ``` Functionalism Conflict Theory Marxist Neo-Marxist Symbolic Interactionism Cultural Production Perspective ```

Cultural Functionalism Social structure gives rise to cultural e______s; culture reflects the needs of society e.g., we value multiculturalism because we need to increase our population through immigration and not-enough people of British or French stock want to immigrate here D______m: emphasized integrative ability of culture e.g., religion in culture

Cultural Functionalism Social structure gives rise to cultural elements; culture reflects the needs of society e.g., we value multiculturalism because we need to increase our population through immigration and not-enough people of British or French stock want to immigrate here Durkheim: emphasized integrative ability of culture e.g., religion in culture

Conflict Theory&Cultufe a) Marxist: culture determined by p_______l-e______c structure e.g., c_______m requires that we are generous towards those in need because capitalism is responsible for inequalities

Conflict Theory&Cultufe a) Marxist: culture determined by political-economic structure e.g., capitalism requires that we are generous towards those in need because capitalism is responsible for inequalities

Conflict Theory & Culture- b) Neo-Marxist: culture also determined by dominant i_______y promoted by bourgeoisie e.g., through pop-culture and the American media H_______y_: belief that inequality and domination by elites is natural and inevitable

Conflict Theory & Culture- b) Neo-Marxist: culture also determined by dominant ideology promoted by bourgeoisie e.g., through pop-culture and the American media Hegemony_: belief that inequality and domination by elites is natural and inevitable

Symbolic Interactionisrn Culture is not a product of social or political s________e, but is a product of creative individual members of society ``` Dramaturgical perspective (Erving Goffman): like actors, we perform a role based on cultural script in our interactions with others ```

Symbolic Interactionisrn Culture is not a product of social or political structure, but is a product of creative individual members of society Dramaturgical perspective (Erving Goffman): like actors, we perform a role based on cultural script in our interactions with others

Symbolic Interactionisrn ``` D____________l perspective (E____g G_____n): like actors, we perform a role based on cultural s_____t in our interactions with others ```

Symbolic Interactionisrn ``` Dramaturgical perspective (Erving Goffman): like actors, we perform a role based on cultural script in our interactions with others ```

Cultural Production Perspective The "production of culture" perspective ________ the "mirror" or "reflection" view of culture held by neo-Marxists and functionalists These theorists examine cultural products that are explicitly and ____________y produced Culture is said to be a p______t of social action just as non-cultural products are

Cultural Production Perspective The "production of culture" perspective rejects the "mirror" or "reflection" view of culture held by neo-Marxists and functionalists These theorists examine cultural products that are explicitly and intentionally produced Culture is said to be a product of social action just as non-cultural products are

Cultural Production—m Perspective-cont'd To understand the origin of culture, need to identify: 1. all the factors involved in m______l cultural production 2. how culture is taught, distributed and e______d 3. resources and c_______s specific actors were working with and how that influenced their work

Cultural Production—m Perspective-cont'd To understand the origin of culture, need to identify: 1. all the factors involved in material cultural production 2. how culture is taught, distributed and evaluated 3. resources and constraints specific actors were working with and how that influenced their work

SE 12-14 Flashcards

(32 cards)