Section 2 (theory/harm) - Clefs, meter, scales, intervals, scale degrees, modes, triads, circle of fifths, inversions, figured bass, tempos, seventh chords, triad classification. Flashcards
Clefs, meter, scales, intervals, scale degrees, modes, triads, circle of fifths, inversions, figured bass, tempos, seventh chords, triad classification.
1
Q
Natural half steps occur between?
A
E and F
B and C
2
Q
Middle C is?
A
C4
3
Q
G clef is?
A
Treble clef
4
Q
F clef is?
A
Bass clef
5
Q
Where is C4 in alto clef?
A
Third line
6
Q
Where is the C4 in tenor clef?
A
The 4th line
7
Q
Piano uses what staff?
A
Grand staff
8
Q
The X chromatic sign is?
A
Double sharp
9
Q
Mezzo means?
A
Half
10
Q
Forte means?
A
Strong
11
Q
Piano means?
A
Soft
12
Q
What does a tie do?
A
Combines the rhythm of two notes with the same pitch
13
Q
What is a dotted note?
A
Increases note value by half its original value
14
Q
What is a compound meter?
A
Division of the beat is 3 instead of 2
15
Q
Complex or composite meter?
A
Uneven groupings of beats that create a unique metric stress.
16
Q
5/4 example from book?
A
Take five
17
Q
7/4 example from book?
A
Pink floyds money
18
Q
What composition notes are written on the outside of the staff?
A
Tempo and dynamics
19
Q
Grave?
A
Extremely slow 40 or lower
20
Q
Largo
A
Very slow 40-60
21
Q
Adagio
A
Slow 60-80
22
Q
Adante
A
Moderately walking 80-100
23
Q
Moderato
A
Moderately 100-120
24
Q
Allegro
A
Fast lively cheerful 120-160
25
Presto
Very fast 160-200
26
How long are rits or accels?
As long as the accompanying dotted line
27
A tempo?
Original tempo
28
What is syncopation?
Displacement of the regular metrical stress caused by stressing the weak beat
29
What is the syncopation example in the book?
Beethovens piano sonata opus 2 No.3
30
1st scale degree
Tonic
31
Second scale degree
Supertonic
32
Third scale degree
Mediant
33
Fourth scale degree
Subdominant
34
Fifth scale degree
Dominant
35
Sixth scale degree
Sudmediant
36
Seventh scale degree
Flat subtonic
| Natural leading tone
37
Major scale interval pattern
W W H W W W H
38
Natural minor interval scheme
W H W W H W W
39
What is the Jazz minor scale?
Ascending melodic minor
40
Whole tone scale
6 scale degrees
| All wholes
41
Fully diminished scale?
8 notes WHWHWHWH
Starts with whole step
Used in diminished harmony
Only 3 scales.
42
Dominant diminished scale?
8 notes HWHWHWHW
Starts with half step
Used in dominant harmony
Only 3 scales.
43
What is an octatonic scale?
8 notes
| Diminished scales
44
what is Major pentatonic
1 2 3 5 6
45
what is Minor pentatonic
1 b3 4 5 b7
46
What do key signatures do?
Creates an understanding of what notes are altered thoughout a composition
47
how long do chromatic signs last?
They remain in play until changed by another sign
48
Circle of fifths nmonic device?
Fat Cats Get Down At Every Ball
49
Order of Sharps
FCGDAEB
50
Order of flats
BEADGCF
51
what is relative minor?
Same key signature different tonic
52
what is parallel minor
Same tonic different key signature
53
what is an Interval?
Difference between two pitches
54
What quality can 2 3 6 and 7 invervals be?
Major min Dim or Aug
55
What quality can 4th or 5th invervals be?
Perfect Aug or Dim
56
How many half steps from the root is an octave
12
57
what are the enharmonic intervals?
Maj 3 and dim 4
Aug 4 and dim 5
Aug 5 and min 6
58
what are Compound intervals?
Two pitches greater than an octave apart
59
What is the formula for inverting an interval?
They add up to 9
60
Inverted maj 7?
Min 2
61
Inverted Aug 5th
Dim 4
62
What is a cononant interval?
Complete and stable
63
What is a dissonant interval?
Unstable and requiring resolution
64
What are the consonant intervals?
Maj min 3
Maj min 6
P 5
P unison and octave
65
what are the dissonant intervals?
Maj min 2nd
P 4
Maj min 7th
Aug 5
66
What are modes?
scales based off relative major identified by Greek name and referred to as a church modes
67
Mode order?
I d p ly m a lo
68
Dorian alterations?
b3 b7
69
Minor sounding modes?
Phyrigian, aeolian, and Dorian.
70
Major tonality modes?
Ionian, lydian, mixolydian
71
Phyrigian mode?
b2 b3 b6 b7
72
Lydian mode?
#4
73
Mixolydian mode?
b7
74
Aeolian mode?
b3 b6 b7
75
What mode sounds neither major or minor?
Locrian
76
Locrian mode?
b2 b3 b5 b6 b7
77
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for ionian
Maj maj7 maj9 maj11 maj13
78
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for Dorian
Min min7 min9 min11 min13
79
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for phrygian
Min min7 min7(b9) min11(b9) min11(b9 b13)
80
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for lydian
Maj maj7 maj9 maj7(#11) maj13(#11)
81
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for mixolydian
Maj 7 9 11 13
82
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for aeolian
Min min7 min9 min11 min11(b13)
83
Triad 7th 9th 11th and 13 chords for locrian
Dim min7(b5) min7(b5b9) min11(b5b9) min11(b5b9b13)
84
Chords build on 3rds?
Tertian
85
Major triad is built off of?
1 3 5
| Maj 3 min 3
86
Minor triad is built off of?
1 b3 5
| Min 3 Maj 3
87
Diminished triad is built off of?
1 b3 b5
| Min 3 Min 3
88
Augmented triad is built off of?
1 3 #5
| Maj3 Maj3
89
What does the little circle sign after a chord mean?
Diminished
90
What does the little circle sign with a slash after a chord mean?
Half diminished
91
What indicates and augmented triad
A plus sign
92
Major7th chord is built off of?
1 3 5 7
| Maj3 min3 maj3
93
Maj7 chord symbols?
Triangle 7
Capital M
Maj
Major
94
Dominant 7th chord is built off of?
1 3 5 b7
| Maj3 min3 min3
95
Minor 7th chord is built off of?
1 b3 5 b7
| Min3 maj3 min3
96
Min7 symbols?
Min7
Lowercase m
-7
97
Maj(min)7th chord is built off of?
1 b3 5 7
| Min3 maj3 maj3
98
Half dim7th chord is built off of?
1 b3 b5 b7
| Min3 min3 maj3
99
Diminished 7th chord is built off of?
1 b3 b5 bb7
| Min3 min3 min3
100
Augmented 7th chord is built off of?
1 3 #5 b7
| Maj3 maj3 dim3
101
6th chord is built off of?
1 3 5 6 1 b3 5 6
| Maj6 min6
102
What do inversions do?
They allow any chord tone to become the bass note
103
Specified bass notes?
Expressed under chord symbols
| Can be from chord scale or parallel mode
104
Triad full figure bass?
5 6 6
| 3 3 4
105
Triad essential figured bass?
None 6 6
| 4
106
Seventh chord full figured bass?
7 6 6 6
5 5 4 4
3 3 3 2
107
Seventh chord essential figured bass?
7 6 4 4
| 5 3 2
108
Triad in a major key
```
1 maj
2 min
3 min
4 Maj
5 Maj
6 min
7 dim
```
109
Natural minor triads
```
1 min
2 dim
3 maj
4 min
5 min
6 Maj
7 maj
```
110
Harmonic minor changes what triads
3 Aug
5 maj
7 dim
111
Melodoc minor triads changed?
```
2 min
3 Aug
4 maj
5 maj
6 dim
7 dim
```
112
Major diatonic 7th chords
```
1 maj7
2min7
3min7
4maj7
57
6min7
7halfdim7
```
113
Minor diatonic 7th chords
```
1min7
2halfdim7
3maj7
4min7
5min7
6maj7
77
```
114
Diatonic harmonic minor 7th chords
```
1minmaj7
2halfdim7
3augmaj7
4min7
57
6maj7
7halfdim7
```
115
Diatonic melodic minor 7ths
```
1minmaj7
2min7
3augmaj7
47
57
6halfdim7
7halfdim7
```
116
Primary triads
Tonic
Subdominant
Dominant
117
Tonic function?
Beginning or end
| Sense of resolution
118
Subdominant chord
Good transitional
| Precedes tonic
119
Dominant triad?
Strongest sense of resolution due to tendency tones
