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A+ Sections 1-27 1011 > Section 3 - Motherboard > Flashcards

Section 3 - Motherboard Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Motherboard

A

Printed circuit board that contains computer components and provides connectors

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2
Q

What is input

A

Process of accepting data in a form that the computer can use

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3
Q

What is output

A

Process of displaying the processed data or information

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4
Q

What is processing

A

Action performed by the CPU when receiving information

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5
Q

Which components are in charge of processing

A

GPU or CPU

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6
Q

What is storage

A

Process of saving or retaining digital data, temporarily or permanently

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7
Q

What is temporary storage also known as and why

A

Non-persistant because the data will be lose after the pc is turned off

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8
Q

What is permanent storage also known as and why

A

Persistant because the data will be kept after the PC is turned off

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9
Q

What is data transferred across the motherboard measured in, in terms of speed

A

MHz, GHz

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10
Q

In terms of speed, describe non-volatile storage

A

Speed decreases rapidly, MHz

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11
Q

In terms of speed, describe volatile storage

A

Speed is fast, GHz

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12
Q

What does form factor describe

A

Its shape, layout and type of case and power supply that will be used by system

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13
Q

form factors for motherboards

A

ATX, Mini-ATX, Micro-ATX

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14
Q

Explain ATX

A

Advanced Technology eXtended, Full-size motherboard, measures 12’’ x 9.6’’ in size

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15
Q

Explain Mini-ATX

A

Smaller than ATX with same features 11.2’’ x 8.2’’ - not very common

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16
Q

Explain Micro-ATX

A

9.6’’ x 9.6’’ - 4 expansion card slots

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17
Q

Explain ITX

A

Designed as a replacement for the ATX but never produced

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18
Q

Mini-ITX

A

Measures 6.7’’ x 6.7’’ with 1 expansion slot - Small cases, very common in small form factor PCs

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19
Q

3 other form factors of ITX

A

Nano-ITX, Pico-ITX, Mobile-ITX

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20
Q

Explain the x86 architecture (aka IA-32)

A

Developed by intel with an 8-bit,16-bit and up to 32-bit instruction set

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21
Q

Explain x64

A

Supports 64-bit instruction set

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22
Q

Explain the x86 limitation in terms of ram

A

allows for a max of 4GB of RAM

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23
Q

Explain 32 and 64 bit systems in terms of the programs they can run

A

64-bit can run 32 & 64 bit programs however 32-bit systems can only run 32-bit programs

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24
Q

What is Advanced RISC Machine (ARM) used for

A

Used for low-power devices (tablets and cell phones)

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25
Advantages of ARM/RISC systems
Less power consumption and produces less heat
26
Explain RISC/ARM in terms of completing tasks
They use code to perform tasks
27
What is a Zero Insertion Force (ZIF) Mechanism
Involves inserting the CPU without pressing down and applying any pressure
28
Explain LGA (Land Grid Array by Intel)
Form factor socket that positions all the pins on the motherboard to connect into the holes of the CPU
29
Explain PGA (Pin Grid Array by AMD)
Form factor where the processor has the pins and socket has the holes
30
Explain the deal with motherboard sockets
A single socket arch on desktop motherboard can only support one physical processor
31
What does multi socket mean in terms of motherboards
Multiple CPUs or processors can be installed on the motherboard
32
What's the difference when talking about processors on Desktops and Mobiles
A mobile tends to have its processor soldered in
33
Explain Simultaneous Multithreading(SMT)/Hyper-Threading
Single stream of instructions sent by the application rather than multiple, increasing overall efficiency
34
What are 2 features that CPUs have for accelerated processing
SMT(Simultaneous Multi-Threading), SMP (Symmetric Multi-Processing)
35
Explain Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP)
Traditional workstation and servers have multiple processors
36
What is a multi-core processors
Single CPU with multiple processors inside
37
Explain Hexa-Core processor
Six CPUs inside a single chip
38
What are Intel's and AMD's names for Virtualisation?
Intel: VT & AMD: AMD-V
39
What do VT & AMD-V allow for
Processor extensions to support virtualisation
40
What does virtualisation allow for
the capacity to run multiple systems on a single physical host
41
What's the second level of virtualisation used by AMD and INTEL
Intel: Extended page table (EPT) & AMD: Rapid virtualisation indexing (RVI)
42
What are the steps involved in installing a new motherboard
1)Review the specs of the motherboard, 2)Position the motherboard so its in line with the port cluster on the back of the case, 3)Insert the standoffs to match the hole location for the motherboard 4) Install the processor and memory modules before installing the motherboard 5) Verify the standoffs are properly aligned prior to installing the motherboard 6) Secure the standoffs using the correct screw type 7) Install the PSU, Disk drive, add-on cards and other components
43
What are the 2 main types of express card ports
PCIe (PCI Express) & Mini PCIe (Mini PCI Express)
44
PCI
32-bit expansion card
45
Max MHz of a PCI 32-bit card
33 MHz / 133 MBps
46
PCI-X 64-bit Max MHZ
133 MHz
47
PCI-X 2.0 Max MHz
266 up to 533 MHz
48
What was a problem with PCI-X
As it was backwards compatible, this meant that it would actually need to drop its MHz if it was matched with a PCI card with a speed of 33MHz to support the older bys
49
Accelerated Graphics Port (AGP)
used for video graphics cards
50
AGP flavours
1x, 2x, 4x, 8x
51
What did PCI Express replace
PCI, PCI-X, AGP
52
PCIe Flavours
x1, x4, x8, x16
53
What is PCIe x1 used for
modems, network cards, wireless cards, input/output devices, audio cards
54
What is PCIe x16 used for
Graphics cards
55
What does a Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) do
Connects to the bus to get data to and from the motherboard for external devices
56
How many watts of power are provided by PCIe slots
25 watts
57
How many watts of power can be supplied by a x16 PCIe slot
75 watts
57
In terms of x, which PCIe's are most common
x1 and x16
58
What is up-plugging
Putting smaller card in a larger slot e.g. network card into an x16 PCIe slot
59
What is down-plugging
Putting larger card in a smaller slot
60
What is a Mini PCIe
Standard PCIe card with smaller form factor
61
How do you know if you've correctly plugged in your card into the x16 slot
After lining it up and pressing it down, you will hear a click
62
What are video capture cards used for
Recording footage and for security devices
63
What does a Video Card/Graphic Adapter do in term of displays
Gives quality signal for monitors
64
What is a GPU
A specialised processor designed to accelerate graphics rendering
65
What does High Speed Memory do
Embeds the memory to give additional capability to offload from the system
66
What Graphical Ports exists
Thunderbolt, DisplayPort, HDMI
67
What does a Video Capture Card do
Takes video signals and process them inside the computer
68
What does a TV Capture Card do
Allows you to get all cable TV channels through plugging in cables into the bac of the computer
69
What does a Sound/Audio card do
Allows for better output through audio, not very common as most motherboards have 1 embedded
70
What does a Network Interface Card do (NIC)
Allows for cabled network connection (RJ45 connector) with 1Gbps
71
What do you need to do with your NIC for 10Gbps
Plug it into the x1 PCIe slot
72
What connector do you need for fibre optic
ST / SC / MT-RJ Connector
73
What is a Riser Card
Special type of expansion card on a motherboard, allows you to plug in cards horizontally. An adaptation as a result of the case's form factor

A+ Sections 1-27 1011 (27 decks)

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