selected gram negative rods

Question 0

Haemophils

Answer 0

Carbon dioxide needed for growth
Factor X (iron factor in hemoglobin called heme) V factor is coenzyme used in electron transport named DPN
Heme supplied by blood or chocolate agar
V factor supplied by chocolate agar, staphylococcus streak, yeast extract etc.
Always plate on chocolate agar.
Normal floura on membranes of upper respiratory tract
H. Pleuropneumonia most common infection of swine. Animals can die suddenly. Never normal flora
H. Somnus - TEME in cattle. Respiratory infection. Specimen for culture is brain.
H. Canis - non pathogenic. Normal in male lower genital tract. Preputial exudate of dogs
H. Paragallinarum- Coryza in chickens
H. Parasuis - secondary invader of swine influenza. Highly contagious. Also causes Glassers disease
H. Equigenitalis - contagious equine metritis. Highly contagious

Question 1

Pseudomonas

Answer 1

Opportunistic pathogen
Abiquitous (found everywhere) in soil and water
Fruity odour
Obligate aerobe
Non lactose fermentor
May inhabit the intestine or nasal cavity as commensalism organism (lives on or in host, where host does not benefit)
Urinary tract infections, ear and eye infections, fatal septicemia, can cause diarrhea.
Can be zoonotic if it contaminates open wounds

Question 2

Bordetella

Answer 2

Cocobacillus but classified as rod
Slow growing
Musty smell
B. avium - Coryza in poultry. Can cause whooping cough like condition in humans.
B. bronchiseptica normal flora in respiratory tract. Atrophic rhinitis in pigs under eight weeks. Bronchopneumonia and canine distemper and kennel cough.

Question 3

Pasturella

Answer 3

Sweet odour
Safety pin appearance
Coccobacillus
Grows on bap and chocolate agar
Normal in upper respiratory tract and digestive tract
P. multocida - hemorrhage septicemia, fowl cholera, snuffles in rabbits, bovine shipping fever, pneumonia, mastitis, bites in man.
Mannheimia haemolytica - pneumoniae in cattle, sheep, goats, and swine produces leukotoxins
P. pneumotropica - pneumonia in hamsters, rats, and guinea pigs
P. aerogenes - isolated in feces of swine
P. gallinarum - commensal in upper respiratory tract of chickens.

Question 4

Brucella

Answer 4

Slow growing
Coccobacillus
Needs CO2
Reportable disease
Bucella abortus - bangs disease in cattle. Does not cause infertility
Brucella suis - generalized infection in swine resulting in abortion or stillbirth. Can produce infection in kidney, liver, joints, bladder, spleen, etc.
brucellosis melitensis - abortion in goats and sheep
Brucella canis - abortions in dogs. Common in beagles
Brucella ovis - infertility in rams, abortion in ewes.
Undulant fever in man - zoonotic

Question 5

Actinobacillus

Answer 5

Capable of fermenting carbs
Grow in club colonies
Grows with CO2
Slow growing
Does not grow on macconkey
Causes wooden toungue.