Seminar Language Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are two core models of word recognition discussed in this seminar?
Dual Route Model (DRM)
Lexical Quality Hypothesis (LQH)
What are the two processing routes in the Dual Route Model?
Lexical route: Direct access to meaning from whole-word form
Non-lexical route: Grapheme-to-phoneme conversion (sound-it-out)
What type of words are read using the non-lexical route?
Novel words
Non-words
Regularly spelled words
What is the Lexical Quality Hypothesis?
A theory that reading fluency depends on high-quality word representations combining orthography, phonology, and semantics.
What are the components of a high-quality lexical representation?
Orthographic (spelling)
Phonological (sound)
Semantic (meaning) knowledge
How does low lexical quality affect reading?
Slower, effortful decoding
Poorer comprehension
Common in readers with dyslexia
What is semantic priming?
Faster reaction times for semantically related word pairs (e.g., “cat”–“dog”).
What is phonological facilitation?
Faster word recognition when prime and target share phonological features.
What was Van Orden’s (1987) key finding?
Participants made more false positives in semantic tasks for homophones, showing phonological interference (e.g., meat vs. meet).
What are pseudohomophones, and why are they important?
Non-words that sound like real words (e.g., phocks → “fox”)
Rejected more slowly, showing automatic phonological processing
What did Coltheart et al. (1977) find about homophones?
No RT difference between homophones and controls in lexical decision, but slower rejection of pseudohomophones.
What does the Vernon-Warden test measure?
Reading comprehension and speed under time pressure.
What is LexTALE?
A vocabulary proficiency test designed for L2 English speakers.
What kind of dyslexia is linked to impaired grapheme-to-phoneme conversion?
Phonological dyslexia
What kind of dyslexia involves difficulty with exception words?
Surface dyslexia
According to the Lexical Quality Hypothesis, what causes dyslexia?
Poor integration of orthographic, phonological, and semantic representations—especially weak phonology.
What task was used to test phonological effects in the seminar?
Homophone categorization
Phonological similarity judgement
Semantic decision tasks with pseudohomophones
How do young readers like Tomas typically decode words?
Using phonological decoding strategies and building toward sight word recognition.
