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Naturopathic Nutrition > September > Flashcards

September Flashcards

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1
Q

What does allopathy mean?

A

Against disease

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2
Q

What is naturopathy?

A

A system of healthcare that promotes and encourages the body’s own self-healing mechanisms

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3
Q

What do people believe that vital force can be stimulated by?

A

Fresh air, sun, clean eating, health diet, fasting, detoxification

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4
Q

What are the main principle of treating diseases in naturopathy?

A

Treat the cause not the symptom, treat the person as a whole, prevention is better than cure, empower patients to take responsibility for their own health

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4
Q

What is a nutrient?

A

A substance that provides nourishment essential for growth and maintenance of life

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4
Q

What is nutrition?

A

The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth

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5
Q

What is nourishment?

A

The food or other substances necessary for growth, health and good condition

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6
Q

What is a whole food?

A

Food that has not been processed or refined and is free from additives or other artificial substances

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7
Q

What is a superfood?

A

Highly nutritious foods containing all or nearly all the vitamins, minerals and trace elements a body needs

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8
Q

Why are junk foods bad?

A

They hinder cell communication

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9
Q

Which societies and principles were natural medicine built on?

A

Ayurvedic medicine, traditional Chinese medicine, Egyptian, Greco-Roman medicine.

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10
Q

Who is the quote ‘let food be thy medicine and medicine be thy food’ attributed to?

A

Hippocrates (468-377 BC)

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11
Q

What did Sebastian Kneipp (1821-1897) do?

A

The father of Hydrotherapy

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12
Q

What are the actions of cold water on the body?

A

Decreases peripheral circulation and numbs the area, increases RR

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13
Q

What are the actions of hot water on the body?

A

Relaxes muscles, increases peripheral circulation, decreases RR

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14
Q

What are the actions of alternating hot and cold water?

A

Stimulates blood flow

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15
Q

What did Dr Max Bircher-Benner do?

A

He advocated a 50/50 raw food diet with emphasis on fruit. Advocated for maintaining a nutrient profile in food. Famous for his Bircher muesli.

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16
Q

What did Dr John Harvey Kellogg do?

A
  • promoted the importance of the intestinal microflora
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17
Q

What did Henry Lindlahr (1862-1924) do?

A

Iridologist, who cured his diabetes using natural approaches and then went on to cure other people

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18
Q

Who was Dr Max Gerson (1881-1959)?

A

He was a doctor who treated TB and cancer patients. He said toxicity and deficiency are the two areas underpinning bad health

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19
Q

Who was James C Thomson (1887-1960)?

A

Set up the first natural training college, Scottish naturopath

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20
Q

Who was Dr Bernard Jensen (1908-2001)?

A

Advocated for bowel cleansing as the most important aspect in maintaining health, developed advanced iridology, made a colon hydrotherapy machine

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21
Q

Who was Louis Pasteur (1822-1895)?

A

He developed the germ theory that disease occurs outside the body - bacteria, viruses etc. He developed the process of pasteurisation

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22
Q

Who was Antoine Bechamp (1816-1908)?

A

A French scientist who said that it is not the germs but the terrain where the germs go that causes the disease - acidic, low oxygenated environment that causes disease as the body cannot fight the germs

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23
Who are the ASA?
The advertising standards agency - extended their remit to censor natural therapy websites and adverts in the UK
24
Who was John Rockefeller (1839-1937)?
Founded standard oil and had control over oil refinery, he put in lots of money into medical schools in the USA who disregard naturopathy etc
25
Who formulated the Law of similars?
Samuel Hahnemann - like cures like - bee venom for bee sting, coffee for insomnia
26
What is the homeopathic remedy for a fever?
Dab the skin with lukewarm water to mimic the body's natural response - perspiration
27
What is the homeopathic remedy for sunburn?
Cool down slowly, apply warmth, drink warm things, avoid shocking the body with cold applications
28
What is the homeopathic remedy for burns?
Apply something warm, not ice cold water
29
What is the homeopathic remedy for frost bite?
Rub foot with snow, warm it up very slowly
30
What is the homeopathic remedy for a hangover?
Sip or smell alcohol
31
What types of deodorants should be used?
Not antiperspirants - natural deodorants that allow sweat removal
32
What are the disadvantages of using antipyrexics for fever?
This can delay recovery, fever is useful for getting the immune system into action
33
What are the disadvantages of antibiotics?
They disrupt the intestinal flora and can lead to long-term digestive and immune disruptions. They can be life-saving in certain conditions. antibiotic resistance
34
How long does it take for different part of the body to regenerate?
Brain - 1 year, blood - 4 months, liver - 6 weeks, skin - 1 month, bone -3 months, stomach mucosa - 5 days
35
What are Hering's 5 laws of cure?
- Cure should occur from the inside out - More serious organs should be cured before the less seroius ones - The mind gets better before the body - Symptoms disappear in the reverse order to when they arrived - Symptoms disappear proximally to distally
36
What are the main causes of insulin resistance?
Excess, processed carbohydrates, trans fats, low level fibres, lack of physical activity, dehydration
37
What is the belief of the chinese body clock?
It is believed that each organ functions at its optimum capacity at certain times of the day - it can be used to help determine organs involved in pathology presentation
38
What is the YIN and YANG?
Yin - cool - contracting and cooling Yang - warm - expanding Not complete opposites
39
What are some Yin foods?
cold and cooling foods plant foods, wet foods, raw foods, foods that grow in spring and summer, refined foods, sweeter foods
40
What are some yang foods?
Warming foods, red meats, high calorie foods, chocolate, tea, coffee, spices, root vegetables, fresh food
41
What are some Yin conditions?
acne, high blood pressure, migraines
42
What are some Yang conditions?
Lethargy, anaemia, feeling cold
43
What is a Yin cooking method?
Use of water in cooking
44
What is a Yang cooking method?
Use of heat/fire to heat - such as roasting
45
What is the macrobiotic diet?
A diet based on the principles of Yin and Yang. It says that health can be achieved by balancing your diet with foods that are neutral. It emphasises chewing foods and avoids using the microwave
46
Which foods are generally heating?
Foods that stimulate the metabolism - garlic, onion, ginger, eggs, meat, apples, lemon, cheese, walnuts
47
Which food are generally cooling?
Foods that decrease the metabolism - most fruit, vegetables, fresh cheeses, fish, mint
48
Which foods are generally light?
Airy foods - rice cakes, popcorn, corn, sunflower seeds
49
Which foods are generally heavy?
Meat, wheat, aubergines, greasy dried foods
50
What is research?
The systematic study of a subject in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions
51
What is the naturopathic medicine trials pyramid?
1. observations and experiences of practitioners and patients 2. Laws, principles and conclusions based on experiences of practitioners in clinic 3. Practitioner case studies in clinic, patient questionnaires, research
52
What are some methods of natural medicine research?
Qualitative research, case studies, patient questionnaires - measure you own medical outcome profile, clinical audits, outcome studies
53
When is the MYMOP done?
patient fills in questionnaire from visit to visit
54
What is a clinical audit?
- a study to assess whether the best practice is being carried out in clinic - to draw out data regarding the effectiveness of treatments carried out in clinic
55
What is outcomes research?
Assesses the delivery of care, use of resources and the benefits to patients - can be done by looking at exit questionnaires, assessing cost
56
What does ayurvedic medicine include?
lifestyle medicine, herbal, mineral, diet, exercise and detoxification
57
What are the three basic energy types in ayurveda?
Vata - thin, dry, cold, mentally agile, anxious Pitta - medium-bodies, warm, bad tempered Kapha - strong build, can be overweight, dependable, can get depressed
58
What approaches are included in traditional chinese medicine?
Acupuncture, chinese herbs, nutrition, massage, movement - Qi Gong, cupping - based on observation of the natural world
59
What is acupuncture based on?
Observations and clinical experiences of clients
60
What are the key principles of acupuncture?
There are 12 main channels (meridians) that move energy through the body to create balance and health meridians represent organs and functions of the body
61
What is an acupuncture point?
An area on the skin where a meridian comes to the surface
62
What did Samuel Hahnemann do?
He gave Cinchona Bark (China) to people with malaria and found that their malaria disappeared, he came up with the law of similars
63
How are homeopathic remedies 'proved' in like cures like?
Healthy volunteers take the substance, any symptoms they have are recorded, the substance is then given for symptoms that have been recorded
64
What did Ignatz von Peczely do?
He founded iridology, he saw correlations between signs in the iris and pathologies presenting.
65
What did Edward Bach do?
He observed links between bowel bacteria and personality traits. He matches plants of similar energy to that of his patients.
66
What did Bernard Jensen do?
Came up with a reflex map of which areas of the colon relate to which areas of the body
67
Name some new natural therapies
tooth reflex chart, lymphatic drainage, foot reflex zones, kinesiology, thermography
68
What is kinesiology?
muscle testing to diagnose and treat - body movement
69
What is thermography?
It uses an infrared camera to detect heat patterns and blood flow in body tissues
70
What are three problems with biomedical research?
It doesn't look at the cause, it can be isolated, geared up to make profits
71
Name three researchers who contributed to natural medicine
hippocrates, samuel hahnemman, Gerson, Bach
71
What is a systematic review?
A review of all available literature in ordered to analyse the effectiveness of a particular compound/technique etc
72
What is a meta-analysis?
a statistical procedure for combining data from multiple studies.
73
What is epidemiological research?
Research that looks at why something may occur at a population level
74
What is a descriptive study?
A study that describes a current situation - e.g how many cancer patients have tried homeopathic remedies
75
What are the main principles of research ethics?
beneficence, non-maleficence, confidentiality, right for the participant to quit at any time, right for them to be fully informed, maintenance of standards
76
What is narrative medicine?
A qualitative approach to assess the narratives of patients in clinical practice
77
What is outcomes research?
Assesses the delivery of care in a particular context and the benefits to patients - MYMOP
78
What is an example of observational studies?
Narrative medicine and studies, ethnographic, study of cultures
79
What are the Emic and Etic perspectives?
Emic - thoughts and beliefs about local people from the inside (joining them) Etic - from the outside
80
What are some steps to critically appraise a paper?
Who wrote it, and what is their interest? Who published it and what is their interest? Who funds it? Are there any suggestions of bias in the study? confounding factors? Is the interpretation of the results justified? What are the outcome measures? Look at references
81
What are some examples of bias?
Confirmation bias confounding factors conflict of interest bias in study design and methology
82
What are the functions of cholesterol in the body?
- precursor to sex hormones (androgens) and cortisol - makes up a part of cell membranes - involved in vitamin D synthesis (is found in high quantities in the brain)

Naturopathic Nutrition (10 decks)

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