Session 9 Flashcards
(25 cards)
What are the boundaries of the oral cavity?
Roof - hard and soft palate Floor - tongue and other soft tissues Lateral walls - cheek Anterior - oral fissure Posterior - oropharyngeal isthmus
What is the oral vestibule?
Space between cheeks and teeth
Where is the oral cavity proper?
From teeth to ring made by the palatopharyngeal arch, uvula and tip of epiglottis
What are the two arches at the back of the oral cavity and what helps to form them?
Palatoglossal arch (anterior) - palatoglossus Palatopharyngeal arch (posterior) - palatopharyngeus They tense and elevate the soft palate during swallowing
Describe the innervation to the soft palate and what happens if the nerves are damaged
Pharyngeal branch of vagus nerve. If damaged the stronger side is unopposed and pulls the uvula away from the affected side
What are the two limbs of the gag reflex?
Afferent - CNIX
Efferent CNX
Describe the distribution of the teeth from medial to lateral
Central incisor, lateral incisor, canine, first premolar, second premolar and 1st,2nd,3rd molar
What nerve supplies sensation to the lower jaw?
Inferior alveolar nerve - branch of V3.
What are the extrinsic muscles of the tongue and what is their function?
Styloglossus, hyoglossus, genioglossus, palatoglossus
Anchor the tongue and allows it to change position
What is the function of the intrinsic muscles of the tongue
Allow the tongue to change shape
What is the motor innervation to the tongue?
All muscles are CNXII except palatoglossus which is CNX
What is the sensory innervation to the tongue?
Special - anterior=CNVII (chorda tympani. Posterior=CNIX
General - anterior=CNV3. Posterior=CNIX
A small part of the posterior tongus is CNX
Where does the tongue deviate if there is damage to CNXII?
Towards the side of the lesion
Where do salivary gland stones most commonly occur?
Submandibular duct - thicker saliva
How do salivary gland stones present?
Pain or swelling of affected gland worse at meal times
What is tonsillitis?
Inflammation of the palatine tonsil
What is quinsy?
A peritonsillar abcess that is a severe complication of bacterial tonsillitis. Usually strep pyogenes. Presents with trismus (reduced opening of jaw - hot potato voice) with a systemically unwell patient. Extends past anterior arch.
What are the articulations of the temporomandibular joint?
Condyle of mandible, articular tubercule of temporal bone, mandibular fossa
What are the ligaments supporting the TMJ?
Lateral/temporomandibular ligament
Stylomandibular ligament
Sphenomandibular ligament
Outline the movements of the TMJ and the muscles that cause them
Elevation - temporal, masseter, medial pterygoid
Depression - lateral pterygoid, supra/infra hyoid, gravity
Protrusion - lateral pterygoid
Retrusion - temporal
Lateral movements - temporal on same side, pterygoids of opposite sides, masseter
How does a TMJ dislocation commonly occur?
Sideways blow to open mouth. Causes anterior dislocation to same side and oftern mandible fracture of opposide side
What is the infratemporal fossa?
An irregularly shaped space deep and inferior to the zygomatic arch and deep to the ramus of the mandible
What are the borders of the infratemporal fossa?
Superior - inferior greater wing of sphenoid
Inferior - Medial pterygoid muscle attachment at mandible
Lateral - ramus of mandible
Medial - lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid
Anterior - posterior maxilla
Posterior - temporal bone
What are the contents of the infratemporal fossa?
Temporalis muscle and 2 pterygoid muscles
Maxillary artery
Pterygoid venous plexus (communicates with cavernous sinus)
Mandibular (inferior alveolar, linguinal, buccal), chorda tympani nerves and otic ganglion
