Sexual Rep

Question 1

During______ reproduction, gametes are made that contain half the amount of an organism’s genetic material.

These gametes fuse with each other in the process of fertilization to begin the life of a new organism.

Answer 1

sexual

Question 2

Gametes are highly specialized cells that are produced by a process called_____.

Answer 2

gametogenesis

Question 3

____cells are represented by 1n and____ cells by 2n, where n refers to a set of chromosomes.

Answer 3

Haploid

diploid

Question 4

Some simple eukaryotic species are_____, which means that the gametes are morphologically similar.

Examples of this organisms include many species of fungi and algae.

Answer 4

isogamous

Question 5

Most eukarvotic species, however, are_______-_they produce two morphologically different types of gametes.

Answer 5

heterogamous

Question 6

_____, are relatively small and usually travel far distances to reach the female gamete-the____

Answer 6

sperm cells

egg cell, or ovum.

Question 7

The sperm of most animal species contain a single___\ that enables them to swim.

Answer 7

flagellum

Question 8

The sperm of ferns and nonvascular plants such as bryophytes may have____ flagella.

Answer 8

multiple

Question 9

In flowering plants, however, the sperm are contained within

Answer 9

pollen grains

Question 10

is a small mobile structure that can be carried by the wind or on the feet or hairs of insects.

Answer 10

Pollen

Question 11

Compared with sperm cells, an____ cell is usually very large and____. In animal species, the egg stores a large amount of nutrients to nourish the growing embryo.

Answer 11

egg

nonmotile

Question 12

, the production of sperm, occurs within glands known as the testes.

Answer 12

spermatogenesis

Question 13

The testes contain ______cells that divide by mitosis to produce two cells.

Answer 13

spermatogonial

Question 14

advances through meiosis I and meiosis I to produce four haploid cells, which are known as______.

These cells then mature into sperm cells.

Answer 14

spermatocyte

spermatids

Question 15

The structure of a sperm cell includes a long (2)

Answer 15

flagellum and a head

Question 16

The head of the sperm contains little more than a haploid nucleus and an organelle, known as an_____, at its tip.

Answer 16

acrosome

Question 17

oogenesis, the production of egg cells, occurs within specialized diploid cells of the ovary known as

Answer 17

Oogonia

Question 18

Quite early in the development of the ovary, the oogonia initiate meiosis to produce primary oocytes. For example, in humans, approximately 1 million primary oocytes per ovary are produced before birth. These primary oocytes are arrested- enter a dormant phase-_at______ of meiosis I, and remain at this stage until the female becomes sexually mature.

Answer 18

prophase