Shoulder Complex Biomechanics Flashcards
(124 cards)
1
Q
4 bones of shoulder complex
A
scapula, clavicle, humerus, sternum
2
Q
four joints of shoulder
A
3 synovial (glenohumeral, acromioclavicular, sternoclavicular), 1 bone muscle bone articulation (scapulothoracic)
3
Q
there are blank ligaments in shoulder complex
A
11
4
Q
there are blank muscles in the shoulder complex
A
17
5
Q
flexion, abduction, and scaption are all called blank because they have this ROM
A
elevation (170-180)
6
Q
external rotation normal value in base position
A
40-60
7
Q
external rotation normal value in supine abduction to 90 degrees position
A
90-100
8
Q
internal rotation normal value in supine abduction to 90 degrees position
A
45-60
9
Q
FIR will have thumb go to about blank
A
t5
10
Q
FER will have thumb go to about blank
A
t3
11
Q
horizontal abduction normal value standing
A
120-140
12
Q
horizontal adduction normal value standing
A
40-60
13
Q
plane of horizontal ab/adduction
A
transverse plane
14
Q
extension or hyperextension normal ROM from standing
A
60-80
15
Q
superior angle is usually at blank
A
t2
16
Q
inferior angle is usually at blank
A
t7
17
Q
about a blank distance between root of spine of scapula and t3
A
2 inch
18
Q
3-5 degrees of upward scapular rotation is blank while downward is blank
A
good, bad
19
Q
upward rotation promotes blank
A
inferior stability
20
Q
a downwardly rotated scapula indicates adaptively blank sgh and coracohumeral ligaments
A
lengthened
21
Q
scapular blank mechanism shows up as relaxation of sghl and chl and as a potential for false positive sulcus test
A
dumping
22
Q
AMBRI stands for blank
A
atraumatic, multidirectional, bilateral, responds to Rehab, no Inferior capsular shift surgery needed
23
Q
TUBS stands for blank
A
traumatic, unilateral lesion, Bankart lesion, requires surgery
24
Q
disruption of anterior capsule of shoulder
A
Bankart lesion
25
scapular dumping typical posture is blank head and blank shoulders
protracted, rounded
26
slight anterior tilting or anteflexion of scapula by about blank degrees
9-20
27
excessive kyphosis will cause further blank of the scapula which sets up for a blank impingement
anterior tilting, external
28
pos means
plane of the scapula
29
pos is blank degrees anterior to frontal plane
30
30
scapulo clavicular angle is blank degrees
50
31
clavicular retraction angle is blank degrees
20
32
scapulothoracic motions do not occur blank
independently
33
elevation of scapula is a blank translation
cephalad
34
depression is a blank translation
caudal
35
protraction is coupled with blank rotation
medial
36
retraction is coupled with blank rotation
lateral
37
clavicle elevates and depresses the same as the blank
scapula
38
protraction is a blank translation
abduction
39
retraction is a blank translation
adduction
40
anterior tipping of scapula is coupled with blank and blank
upward rotation, protraction
41
posterior tipping of scapula is coupled with blank and blank
downward rotation, retraction
42
medial rotation of scapula has glenoid fossa going blank
anterior
43
lateral rotation of scapula has glenoid fossa going blank
posterior
44
rotary motions of scapula occur at the blank joint
ac
45
scapular winging results in blank displacement of the medial border of the scapula
posterior
46
pathological medial scapular rotation (winging) is due to either this muscle or blank nerve palsy
serratus anterior, long thoracic
47
upward rotation of scapula is coupled with clavicular blank
elevation
48
downward rotation of scapula is coupled with clavicular blank
depression
49
ac joint has a blank lateral clavicle and a blank acromion
convex, concave
50
ac joint is blank with a blank disc
synovial, fibrocartilaginous
51
ac joint is stabilized by these ligaments
conoid, trapezoid, ac
52
ac joint is configurated blank
incongruent
53
sc joint is blank with a blank disc
synovial, articular
54
sc joint is blank clavicle on blank sternum in the frontal plane
convex, concave
55
sc joint is blank clavicle on blank sternum in the transverse plane
concave, convex
56
sc joint is a blank joint
saddle synovial
57
ligament that limits clavicle elevation at sc joint
costoclavicular ligament
58
transverse plane motions of sc joint
posterior/anterior roll/glide
59
frontal plane motions of sc joint
superior/inferior roll/glide
60
sc joint has no anterior rotation from blank
anatomic neutral
61
there is a max of blank humeral head in contact with glenoid
1/3
62
ap cross section shows a smaller blank than si cross section
concavity
63
humeral head faces blank, blank, and blank
medially, superiorly, posteriorly
64
full normal er and ir are from purely blank joint
gh
65
full elevation of upper extremity requires blank to prevent impingement of greater tuberosity of humerus against acromion and provide greater humeral head blank
er, articular surface
66
gh joint is blank on blank
convex, concave
67
integrated fxn of sc, ac, gh, and scapulothoracic joint is called blank
scapulohumeral rhythm
68
scapulohumeral rhythm allows for the maintain optimum blank relationship for scapulohmeral musculature
length tension
69
phase 1a of ue elevation is mostly blank
gh
70
there is an blank pattern of scapular motion during phase 1a
inconsistent
71
scapula is simply blank during phase 1A
stabilizing
72
phase 1A is during blank degrees of scaption and blank degrees of flexion
0-30, 0-60
73
phase 1B is during blank degrees of scaption and blank degrees of flexion
30-90, 60-90
74
consistent blank of scapula during phase 1B of ue elevation
upward rotation
75
acromion ellevates as well as blank during 1B
clavicle
76
phase 2A is during blank degrees of elevation
90-120
77
clavicular elevation blank loads cc ligaments during 2A
tension
78
as clavicle elevation slows during 2A, instantaneous center shifts to blank joint
ac
79
phase 2B is during blank degrees of elevation
120 - end ROM
80
IC of rotation is at blank during 2B
ac joint
81
scapular upward rotation is accompanied by corocoid blank during 2B
depression
82
depression of corocoid tension loads blank ligaments
cc
83
cc tension load imparts a blank force on the posterior clavicle via the blank ligament
downward, conoid
84
blank clavicular rotation occurs during phase 2B
posterior
85
clavicles shape
crank
86
clavicle shape allows blank degrees of elevation of outer clavicle
30
87
posterior clavicle rotation aids scapular blank tilting/tipping
posterior
88
during this phase, trapezius can finally produce upward scapular rotation
2b
89
the gh joint does not blank
elevate
90
the deltoid tries to pull the humeral head blank
superior
91
deltoid and rc are a blank pair to bring arm overhead
syngergistic
92
most important synergist with deltoid to raise arm overhead
supraspinatus
93
greater compressive force reduces blank force
shear
94
subscap, infraspinatus, and teres minor all help the supraspinatus because they have a blank directed force
medially
95
in coracoacromial space there is only blank space
4 dimes high
96
impingement is a blank
etiology
97
superior impingement is due to a weak blank and blank taking over
rotator cuff, deltoid
98
bone spur on acromion can tear the blank muscle
supraspinatus
99
torn supraspinatus and teres minor are likely to have a torn blank because of negative pressure
capsule
100
sticking a needle into subacromial space with produce immediate blank because of venting
inferior subluxation
101
shoulder will often pop and crack a couple days after cortisone shot because of blank
negative pressure
102
this envelopes the humeral head
labrum
103
labrum is blank thick inferior and superior but blank thick anterior and posterior
more, less
104
intact labrum, the gh joint resists dislocation forces of up to blank percent of compressive loads in the inferior direction
64
105
removed labrum there is a blank percent reduction in dislocation protection
20%
106
deltoid, supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor all blank humeral head into cavity
compress
107
strengthening rotator cuff is like a buttressing effect because it aids in blank of the humeral head in the glenoid
centering
108
part of capsule that restrains flexion
posterior capsule
109
gh ligaments are only check reins when the motion is near blank
end range
110
tight anterior capsule would cause a blank translation
obligate posterior
111
tight posterior capsule would cause a blank translation
obligate anterior
112
overly aggressive stretch can cause hypermobility and a blank
internal impingement (tendonitis)
113
three parts of inferior glenohumeral ligament
anterior band, axillary pouch, posterior band
114
flexion check reins
middle posterior capsule, anterior coracohumeral ligament
115
abduction check reins
posterior coracohumeral ligament, inferior posterior capsule
116
internal rotation check reins
superior/middle posterior capsule, middle glenohumeral ligament
117
check reins for external rotation
superior/middle glenohumeral ligament, anterior/posterio coracohumeral ligament
118
sghL is also a primary stabilizer to blank humeral head translation
anterior
119
not much ligamentous restraint for blank translation of humeral head
posterior
120
for 45 degree scaption, blank resists anterior humeral head translation mostly
MGHL
121
90 degrees scaption, blank stabilizes against anterior humeral head translation
IGHL
122
IGHL during internal rotation goes blank
superior
123
IGHL during external rotation goes blank
inferior
124
hypermobility on one side of capsule can lead to tear on blank
opposite side (circle of instability)
