Thoracic Spine Biomechanics Part 1

Question 1

rib cage is a blank kinematic system

Answer 1

closed

Question 2

thoracic spine does not need blank processes because rib attachment stabilizes them

Answer 2

uncinate processes

Question 3

longer sp of thoracic vertebrae are for blank and increased blank

Answer 3

muscle attachment, surface area

Question 4

thoracic spine tp are thickened for blank

Answer 4

rib articulation

Question 5

inferior facets of thoracic face blank and blank

Answer 5

inferior/anterior

Question 6

superior facets of thoracic face blank and blank

Answer 6

superior/posterior

Question 7

increased compression at vertebral body function is to keep thoracic spine on track, not blank

Answer 7

bear weight

Question 8

allows for articulation with rib

Answer 8

demifacet

Question 9

demifacet articulates with costal blank

Answer 9

tubercle

Question 10

zone of weakness of thoracic spine is due to a decreased blank system

Answer 10

trabecular

Question 11

zone of weakness can lead to blank fracutre blank

Answer 11

compression, anteriorly

Question 12

zone of weakness is a blank shape out of vertebrae

Answer 12

traiangular

Question 13

trabecular system is resistant to blank and blank forces

Answer 13

compressive/shear

Question 14

ribs restrict thoracic blank

Answer 14

ROM

Question 15

relative increased rotation and sidebending availabe in blank thoracic

Answer 15

upper

Question 16

blank thoracic is more for flexion and extension

Answer 16

lower

Question 17

upper thoracic is

Answer 17

t1-t4

Question 18

lower thoracic is blank

Answer 18

t8-t12

Question 19

ribs 1-6 are blank

Answer 19

close together

Question 20

sidebending and rotation occur in the blank direction in neutral and non neutral mechanics of upper thoracic

Answer 20

same, type 2 fryettes

Question 21

sidebending and rotation occur in the blank direction in neutral mechanics of lower thoracic

Answer 21

opposite, type 1 fryettes

Question 22

lower thoracic obeys blank in non neutral positions (same side)

Answer 22

type 2 fryettes

Question 23

thoracic spine has blank degrees of freedom

Answer 23

3

Question 24

upper thoracic has decreased blank because of blank facets

Answer 24

flex/ext, frontal plane

Question 25

lower thoracic has increased blank because of blank facets

Answer 25

flex/ext, sagittal

Question 26

lower thoracic rotation from neutral, note tipping and tilting of sp toward the blank of spine (frontal plane) or blank of ribs (sagittal plane)

Answer 26

concavity, concavity

Question 27

upper thoracic rotation from neutral, note tipping and tilting of the sp toward the blank of spine and blank of ribs because ribs are pulled posteriorly

Answer 27

concavity, convexity

Question 28

an anteriorly displaced disk of the tmj would produce this | ]

Answer 28

closed lock, reciprocal click

Question 29

planar, synovial joint between ribs and vertebral body

Answer 29

costovertebral joint

Question 30

t9-t12 vertebral facets are blank on pedicles

Answer 30

posterior

Question 31

ribs 2-10 also articulate with blank

Answer 31

iv disk

Question 32

cv joints are clinically tested during blank

Answer 32

rib springing

Question 33

planar synovial joints between ribs and tp

Answer 33

costotransverse joint

Question 34

costal tubercle of rib articulates with blank on tp

Answer 34

costal facet

Question 35

ct joints are for these ribs not the blank ribs

Answer 35

1-10, floating

Question 36

with inspiration, first rib elevates with blank and blank costovertebral joint motion occuring

Answer 36

superior, posterior

Question 37

t1 may blank slightly during inspiration

Answer 37

extend

Question 38

ribs 1-6 creates nearly blank plane motion around blank axis

Answer 38

frontal, m-L

Question 39

ribs 7-10 nearly is blank motion around blank axis

Answer 39

sagittal plane, a-p

Question 40

ribs 1-6 are called blank handle because it increases blank dimension and blank motion

Answer 40

pump, a-p, sagittal plane

Question 41

ribs 7-10 are called blank handle and increases blank dimension and blank motion

Answer 41

bucket, m-L, frontal plane